Norman Wootan Research Files.

Since I am a graduate of Embry Riddle Aeronautical University and spent 
practically a life-time in Aeronautics, I tend to understand the 
operation of this turbine as Nikola Tesla designed it and not like the 
shade tree builders envision it.   The Schifrin Photography of 
super-sonic air flow over airfoils back in the day of NACA before NASA. 
opened the door of understanding just how Tesla's Turbine really worked.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla_turbine

Quote, A Tesla turbine consists of a set of smooth disks, with nozzles 
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nozzle> applying a moving fluid to the 
edge of the disk.

DeLeval nozzle designed to achieve sonic velocities and energy 
conversion in throat choking. see diagram

Red line is Temperature and Green line is pressure both are called 
Potential Energy.  The Blue line is Kinetic Energy and with proper 
throat design for a given condition you can achieve a near complete 
conversion of Energy from Potential to Kinetic.   The Tesla nozzle was 
tune-able to achieve these conditions.

In Fig 4 Tesla depicted the tune-able DeLeval throat to achieve the 
sonic velocities needed to drive the disk with shock wave adhesion.

For super high efficiencies, the Tesla Turbine must be operated with a 
condense-able fluid, water to steam back to water.  My condenser 
operated at around 40 degrees F.  (partial vacuum).  My operating fluid 
was Refrigerant R-113 which gave me a vapor density greater than air and 
was condense-able below the boiling point of 117 degree F.

This turbine can also be applied to condensing plants operating with 
high vacuum. In such a case, owing to the very great expansion ratio, 
the exhaust mixture will be at a relatively low temperature and suitable 
for admission to the condenser.

On 12/12/2018 2:54 PM, Norman Wootan wrote:
>
> Mick, Tesla knew DeLeval and since Allis Chalmers, Millwakee,WI was 
> already employing the nozzles in their commercial turbines, he went to 
> them to build his Turbines and test them.
>
> https://www.autoevolution.com/news/nikola-tesla-s-revolutionary-engine-still-lies-untouched-here-s-how-it-works-112254.html
>
> The Turbine tested by Con Edison, NY  200 HP
>
> The Allis-Chalmers version, 1 0f 3 built. 500 HP
>
> On 12/12/2018 9:12 AM, Norman Wootan wrote:
>>
>> Mick, WRONG on your ideas regarding the Tesla Turbine operating 
>> principles.  In my presentation at the Steven Elswick, Tesla Tech 
>> Conference, 2016, I went into great detail as to the operating 
>> principles of Teslas' Turbine which is nothing like you see, so 
>> called experts claiming.  (Reason why I wanted Doug to Post the DVD 
>> on YouTube).  First of all, to achieve the fantastic efficiencies 
>> that Tesla got was to understand super sonic shock waves that adhere 
>> to the smooth disk boundary layer.  DeLeval developed the nozzle for 
>> rockets to achieve the thrust needed for flight which was quickly 
>> picked up on by Robert Goddard.  A properly designed Tesla Turbine 
>> has DeLeval nozzles which operate at about 1400 ft./sec. velocities 
>> which is just above super sonic velocity. A short distance from the 
>> nozzle the driving gases transition to sub-sonic velocity forming a 
>> transition shock wave which imparts the full kinetic energy of the 
>> gases to the moving disk.  Remember that you are converting POTENTIAL 
>> ENERGY (high pressure gas in steam chest) into KINETIC ENERGY super 
>> sonic gas flow.  NO ONE understands this basic principle.  Steven 
>> Elswick, Tesla Tech has my DVD for sale.
>>
>>
>>
>>
>> enter image description here
>>
>> https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rocket_engine_nozzle
>> https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/De_Laval_nozzle
>>
>> Do some reading and understand the terminology such as CHOKED FLOW to 
>> achieve super-sonic velocities.
>> Mick, It is all in your basic research and understanding.
>>
>> On 12/11/2018 5:05 PM, Mick Jekyll [email protected] [EVGRAY] wrote:
>>>
>>> Norman,
>>> Fantastic projects you have been involved with. Have had many mental 
>>> exercises in advances to the boundary layer turbine.  One of which 
>>> is a   more parabolic funnel type core with graduated sized disks 
>>> and the variable nozzle  addition similar to the latest Porsche 
>>> turbochargers that overcome turbo lag. Also variable disk spacing 
>>> would be trick but more to go wrong. So in essence a bit of 
>>> Schauberger thrown in with Tesla for good measure.  A tad bit more 
>>> complex. Sounds as if you have had similar thoughts and already 
>>> engineered something from both  camps of thought.
>>>
>>>
>>> On Dec 11, 2018 9:39 AM, "Norman Wootan [email protected] 
>>> <mailto:[email protected]> [EVGRAY]" <[email protected] 
>>> <mailto:[email protected]>> wrote:
>>>
>>>     When Looking back into the 20 plus years of files,
>>>     documentation, e-mail and Keely Net BBS dialog files,it would be
>>>     a crying shame for all of this valuable and informative data to
>>>     be lost.  I have decided to post, incrementally a lot of
>>>     information onto this group site for your research use if you
>>>     choose.  In retrospect, I have realized that many folks out
>>>     there have stolen ideas, Patents etc. from those of us that have
>>>     given information freely as did Tesla and even Hector.  I have
>>>     always tried to share knowledge for the benefit of all.
>>>
>>>
>>>     Norman L. Wootan
>>>
>>>     13723 Lynndale Loop
>>>
>>>     Abbeville, LA 70510
>>>
>>>     [email protected] <mailto:[email protected]>
>>>
>>>     (214)907-0010
>>>
>>>     Time line development of Technologies related to “VES” Green
>>>     Energy Systems
>>>
>>>     The “Implosion Vortex Reactor” (IVR) was the starting block of
>>>     technology for the VES program.
>>>
>>>     Due to my visit with Jim, in his home in CA. in thesummer of
>>>     2001 searching for an “ultra high temp.” ceramic material, his
>>>     intense interest was “tweaked” in this technology!
>>>
>>>     I digress here:In 1980, I was developing the methodology for
>>>     making hydrogen gas from basic carbon and water in a unique type
>>>     of reactor vessel. In 1994, I machined and assembled the first
>>>     prototype 304 stainless “Implosion Vortex Reactor”.Was not able
>>>     to arouse any interest in the technology here in the US.An
>>>     Investor Group in Berlin GE invited Me in 2001 to fly to Berlin
>>>     and do a formal presentation of the technology at which time the
>>>     Patent process was begun and funding for the project was set up.
>>>     I went to Carson City NV. And set up the necessary Wells Fargo
>>>     account and Incorporation for the funding to proceed.A 5200 sq.
>>>     ft. Research lab was constructed on my 52 acre farm at Hubbard,
>>>     TX for the purpose of prototype development.I was in weekly
>>>     contact with Jim due to his interest in the Project.In 2005, the
>>>     Project was funded ($1.5 million) by GAZPROM, Russia being
>>>     represented by Her Deitsmar.My prototype development was funded
>>>     at the $250,000 level. While I was machining out the two
>>>     prototypes (one from 6061 aluminum to develop the CAD specs and
>>>     drawings, and the second working, “proof of concept reactor”
>>>     from 310 stainless steel) Jim asked me to assist him in the
>>>     construction of a Vapor Infusion Furnace at Carbondale, IL so
>>>     that he could produce a needed densified ceramic reactor unit!I
>>>     have provided you in previous documentation the background info
>>>     on this Program at SICU. In which we had a working agreement
>>>     with the University. In the spring of 2006, at the “Proof of
>>>     concept” test of stainless IVR attended by 6 Engineers and
>>>     Investor representatives from Europe it was learned that John
>>>     MacAllen Funding and Project coordinator has misappropriated
>>>     $1.2 million of the Project funds. He had moved to the US from
>>>     Berlin, GE and purchased a home and yacht in Florida of which we
>>>     had a satellite photo of home and boat in the slip.GAZPROM,
>>>     Russia took legal action against MacAllen and took possession of
>>>     both prototypes and Patent Rights.See: both Euro and U.S.
>>>     Patents.In the spring of 2006, Jim and I agreed to pursue the
>>>     IVR technology using the JEP Patent Process to Patent around my
>>>     basic patents. Jim had the technology to produce the required
>>>     densified ceramics so as to operate the IVR at the optimum
>>>     thermal environment. It was our intention to build out our
>>>     version of the “Implosion Vortex Reactor” at the envisioned
>>>     Victorville, CA Lab Complex when the project was adequately
>>>     funded. To that end, Jim was working his heart out!Since I
>>>     designed the IVR and wrote the Patents, I left a lot of the
>>>     “technology” undisclosed so as to have the latitude for the JEP
>>>     Patent Process which Jim wanted to do with our Patent
>>>     Attorney.Jim gave me the big “atta boy” for having the forsight
>>>     and thinking ahead!I have a complete historical book of the
>>>     whole Project with all the Contact Letters with both US
>>>     Government and Industrial Investors.I hand delivered a complete
>>>     set of these documents to the George Bush Western Whitehouse at
>>>     Crawford, TX for our President to review.The same docs were
>>>     provided to DOE, Newt Gingrich and Senator Byrd of WVA.This will
>>>     give you a great deal of insight into the IVR portion of our
>>>     “VES” Program!
>>>
>>>     Next!The “Implosion Vortex Turbine” our “Prime Mover”(my vastly
>>>     improved Tesla Turbine)
>>>
>>>     To be continued in next message:
>>>
>>>     Time line development of Technologies related to “VES” Green
>>>     Energy Systems
>>>
>>>     This is the second Technology for the “VES” Project:The
>>>     Implosion Vortex Turbine.
>>>
>>>     Since back in the early 70’s I have been an “avid” Researcher in
>>>     the Technology of Nikola Tesla.I have everything that has ever
>>>     been written by or about this “genius”.Of very special interest
>>>     was his Boundary Layer Turbine which he patented in 1913.After
>>>     doing extensive research into this very efficient turbine unit I
>>>     quickly came to the conclusion that all that were writing about
>>>     or researching this device did not fully understand just how it
>>>     worked for Tesla was very “shrewd” in writing his patents and
>>>     never divulged all of the technology!I went to the very “top”
>>>     internet sites and publications regarding the subject turbine
>>>     and found that no one had a “clue’ as to how it really was
>>>     intended to work at the “super high thermal conversion”
>>>     figures.Bendix Corp. tested a 500HP version of this turbine
>>>     being operated on steam and was astounded with the results. This
>>>     turbine was abandoned early due to the lack of the proper
>>>     metallurgy needed in the runners (disk) which had the needed
>>>     stress modulus.Due to my background and Degree in the
>>>     Aeronautical Discipline I fully understood just how the Boundary
>>>     Layer Effect was utilized by Tesla to achieve the phenomenal
>>>     thermal efficiency. In 1994, same shop that I machined the IVR
>>>     unit; I built a museum quality Tesla Turbine to demonstrate the
>>>     technology.I filed with the US Patent office the Patent
>>>     Disclosure of a new very unique new hub design that eliminated
>>>     all the labyrinth seal design of Tesla and booster the
>>>     operational efficiency and simplified the construction of said
>>>     turbine.At the International Tesla Conference, Colorado Springs,
>>>     1995, I donated this Tesla Turbine along with the Patent
>>>     Disclosure to the museum and it went on display and was
>>>     demonstrated to all museum visitors.
>>>
>>>     After Jim and I addressed the IVR under “VES” his next question
>>>     was “Norm, how are we going to utilize the thermal output of the
>>>     IVR for power generation”?My answer, Tesla Boundary Layer
>>>     Turbine, to which Jim said, “Please educate me for I have not
>>>     heard of this before”.I sent to Jim all the documentation and
>>>     drawings along with stress analytical formulas for the high
>>>     speed disk utilized in the turbine.Since this turbine operates
>>>     at such high speeds, Jim quickly showed me the stress
>>>     calculations for runners (disk) that he would produce in
>>>     carbon/carbon composite that would successfully operate in the
>>>     required environment and would be impervious to erosion and
>>>     could be surface finished at the micron level.I laid out in
>>>     “Flow block” diagrams, the operation of the Boundary layer
>>>     Turbine utilizing a high density refrigerant that had the
>>>     operational characteristics we needed for a low pressure, low
>>>     temperature very efficient turbine.To achieve the “off the
>>>     charts” thermal efficiency, advanced Mechanical Vapor
>>>     Recompression (MVR) Industrial Heat pumping technology will be
>>>     incorporated into the System. We are able to achieve a very
>>>     conservative COP of 20:1 Energy in vs. thermal output.This is
>>>     totally achievable in the modern Heat pump Technology!(MVR) Heat
>>>     Pump technology will be address in next segment. Our system is a
>>>     huge shift from the current steam turbines which all operate at
>>>     very high pressures and very high temperatures so as to maximize
>>>     the extraction or conversion of thermal energy into mechanical
>>>     energy to drive the generators (really alternators).“Carnot’
>>>     cycle” or method of calculating system thermal efficiency. Our
>>>     System operates at relatively low pressures and temperatures
>>>     vastly simplifying design, fabrication and operation and
>>>     practically eliminates most maintenance requirements. Both Jim
>>>     and I have all the documentation of this System in our
>>>     files!This is a unique System approach to be prototyped and
>>>     Patent Apply for at the Victorville Facility.
>>>
>>>     No one has put together the “blocks” for such a System that has
>>>     such very high performance and efficiency.
>>>
>>>     Next segment: MVR
>>>
>>>     ...
>>>
>>>

Norm, How is cavitation damage to the disks prevented?

This shock wave action answers all the issues with the low torque of all
the non shockwave designs, very eye opening.

Oh and I was half right, he already was  specifying a variable nozzle like
the latest Porsche turbochargers.  Interesting how their turbolag is just
about non existant now.

On Thu, Dec 13, 2018, 7:22 AM Norman Wootan [email protected] [EVGRAY] <
[email protected]> wrote:

>
>
> Since I am a graduate of Embry Riddle Aeronautical University and spent
> practically a life-time in Aeronautics, I tend to understand the operation
> of this turbine as Nikola Tesla designed it and not like the shade tree
> builders envision it.   The Schifrin Photography of super-sonic air flow
> over airfoils back in the day of NACA before NASA. opened the door of
> understanding just how Tesla's Turbine really worked.
>
> https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla_turbine
>
> Quote, A Tesla turbine consists of a set of smooth disks, with nozzles
> <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nozzle> applying a moving fluid to the
> edge of the disk.
>
> DeLeval nozzle designed to achieve sonic velocities and energy conversion
> in throat choking. see diagram
>
> Red line is Temperature and Green line is pressure both are called
> Potential Energy.  The Blue line is Kinetic Energy and with proper throat
> design for a given condition you can achieve a near complete conversion of
> Energy from Potential to Kinetic.   The Tesla nozzle was tune-able to
> achieve these conditions.
>
> In Fig 4 Tesla depicted the tune-able DeLeval throat to achieve the sonic
> velocities needed to drive the disk with shock wave adhesion.
>
> For super high efficiencies, the Tesla Turbine must be operated with a
> condense-able fluid, water to steam back to water.  My condenser operated
> at around 40 degrees F.  (partial vacuum).  My operating fluid was
> Refrigerant R-113 which gave me a vapor density greater than air and was
> condense-able below the boiling point of 117 degree F.
>
> This turbine can also be applied to condensing plants operating with high
> vacuum. In such a case, owing to the very great expansion ratio, the
> exhaust mixture will be at a relatively low temperature and suitable for
> admission to the condenser.
> On 12/12/2018 2:54 PM, Norman Wootan wrote:
>
> Mick, Tesla knew DeLeval and since Allis Chalmers, Millwakee,WI was
> already employing the nozzles in their commercial turbines, he went to them
> to build his Turbines and test them.
>
> https://www.autoevolution.com/news/nikola-tesla-s-revolutionary-engine-still-lies-untouched-here-s-how-it-works-112254.html
>
> The Turbine tested by Con Edison, NY  200 HP
> The Allis-Chalmers version, 1 0f 3 built. 500 HP
>
>
> On 12/12/2018 9:12 AM, Norman Wootan wrote:
>
> Mick, WRONG on your ideas regarding the Tesla Turbine operating
> principles.  In my presentation at the Steven Elswick, Tesla Tech
> Conference, 2016, I went into great detail as to the operating principles
> of Teslas' Turbine which is nothing like you see, so called experts
> claiming.  (Reason why I wanted Doug to Post the DVD on YouTube).  First of
> all, to achieve the fantastic efficiencies that Tesla got was to understand
> super sonic shock waves that adhere to the smooth disk boundary layer.
> DeLeval developed the nozzle for rockets to achieve the thrust needed for
> flight which was quickly picked up on by Robert Goddard.  A properly
> designed Tesla Turbine has DeLeval nozzles which operate at about 1400
> ft./sec. velocities which is just above super sonic velocity. A short
> distance from the nozzle the driving gases transition to sub-sonic velocity
> forming a transition shock wave which imparts the full kinetic energy of
> the gases to the moving disk.  Remember that you are converting POTENTIAL
> ENERGY (high pressure gas in steam chest) into KINETIC ENERGY super sonic
> gas flow.  NO ONE understands this basic principle.  Steven Elswick, Tesla
> Tech has my DVD for sale.
>
>
>
>
> [image: enter image description here]
>
> https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rocket_engine_nozzle
> https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/De_Laval_nozzle
>
> Do some reading and understand the terminology such as CHOKED FLOW to
> achieve super-sonic velocities.
> Mick, It is all in your basic research and understanding.
>
> On 12/11/2018 5:05 PM, Mick Jekyll [email protected] [EVGRAY] wrote:
>
>
>
> Norman,
> Fantastic projects you have been involved with. Have had many mental
> exercises in advances to the boundary layer turbine.  One of which is a
> more parabolic funnel type core with graduated sized disks and the variable
> nozzle  addition similar to the latest Porsche turbochargers that overcome
> turbo lag. Also variable disk spacing would be trick but more to go wrong.
> So in essence a bit of Schauberger thrown in with Tesla for good measure.
> A tad bit more complex. Sounds as if you have had similar thoughts and
> already engineered something from both  camps of thought.
>
> On Dec 11, 2018 9:39 AM, "Norman Wootan [email protected] [EVGRAY]" <
> [email protected]> wrote:
>
>>
>>
>> When Looking back into the 20 plus years of files, documentation, e-mail
>> and Keely Net BBS dialog files,it would be a crying shame for all of this
>> valuable and informative data to be lost.  I have decided to post,
>> incrementally a lot of information onto this group site for your research
>> use if you choose.  In retrospect, I have realized that many folks out
>> there have stolen ideas, Patents etc. from those of us that have given
>> information freely as did Tesla and even Hector.  I have always tried to
>> share knowledge for the benefit of all.
>>
>>
>> Norman L. Wootan
>>
>> 13723 Lynndale Loop
>>
>> Abbeville, LA 70510
>>
>> [email protected]
>>
>> (214)907-0010
>>
>>
>>
>> Time line development of Technologies related to “VES” Green Energy
>> Systems
>>
>> The “Implosion Vortex Reactor” (IVR) was the starting block of technology
>> for the VES program.
>>
>> Due to my visit with Jim, in his home in CA. in the  summer of 2001
>> searching for an “ultra high temp.” ceramic material, his intense interest
>> was “tweaked” in this technology!
>>
>> I digress here:  In 1980, I was developing the methodology for making
>> hydrogen gas from basic carbon and water in a unique type of reactor
>> vessel. In 1994, I machined and assembled the first prototype 304 stainless
>> “Implosion Vortex Reactor”.  Was not able to arouse any interest in the
>> technology here in the US.   An Investor Group in Berlin GE invited Me
>> in 2001 to fly to Berlin and do a formal presentation of the technology at
>> which time the Patent process was begun and funding for the project was set
>> up. I went to Carson City NV. And set up the necessary Wells Fargo account
>> and Incorporation for the funding to proceed.  A 5200 sq. ft. Research
>> lab was constructed on my 52 acre farm at Hubbard, TX for the purpose of
>> prototype development.  I was in weekly contact with Jim due to his
>> interest in the Project.  In 2005, the Project was funded ($1.5 million)
>> by GAZPROM, Russia being represented by Her Deitsmar.  My prototype
>> development was funded at the $250,000 level. While I was machining out the
>> two prototypes (one from 6061 aluminum to develop the CAD specs and
>> drawings, and the second working, “proof of concept reactor” from 310
>> stainless steel) Jim asked me to assist him in the construction of a Vapor
>> Infusion Furnace at Carbondale, IL so that he could produce a needed
>> densified ceramic reactor unit!  I have provided you in previous
>> documentation the background info on this Program at SICU. In which we had
>> a working agreement with the University. In the spring of 2006, at the
>> “Proof of concept” test of stainless IVR attended by 6 Engineers and
>> Investor representatives from Europe it was learned that John MacAllen
>> Funding and Project coordinator has misappropriated $1.2 million of the
>> Project funds. He had moved to the US from Berlin, GE and purchased a home
>> and yacht in Florida of which we had a satellite photo of home and boat in
>> the slip.  GAZPROM, Russia took legal action against MacAllen and took
>> possession of both prototypes and Patent Rights.  See: both Euro and
>> U.S. Patents.  In the spring of 2006, Jim and I agreed to pursue the IVR
>> technology using the JEP Patent Process to Patent around my basic patents.
>> Jim had the technology to produce the required densified ceramics so as to
>> operate the IVR at the optimum thermal environment. It was our intention to
>> build out our version of the “Implosion Vortex Reactor” at the envisioned
>> Victorville, CA Lab Complex when the project was adequately funded. To that
>> end, Jim was working his heart out!  Since I designed the IVR and wrote
>> the Patents, I left a lot of the “technology” undisclosed so as to have the
>> latitude for the JEP Patent Process which Jim wanted to do with our Patent
>> Attorney.  Jim gave me the big “atta boy” for having the forsight and
>> thinking ahead!  I have a complete historical book of the whole Project
>> with all the Contact Letters with both US Government and Industrial
>> Investors.  I hand delivered a complete set of these documents to the
>> George Bush Western Whitehouse at Crawford, TX for our President to review.
>> The same docs were provided to DOE, Newt Gingrich and Senator Byrd of WVA.
>> This will give you a great deal of insight into the IVR portion of our
>> “VES” Program!
>>
>>
>>
>> Next!  The “Implosion Vortex Turbine” our “Prime Mover”(my vastly
>> improved Tesla Turbine)
>>
>> To be continued in next message:
>>
>> Time line development of Technologies related to “VES” Green Energy
>> Systems
>>
>> This is the second Technology for the “VES” Project:  The Implosion
>> Vortex Turbine.
>>
>> Since back in the early 70’s I have been an “avid” Researcher in the
>> Technology of Nikola Tesla.  I have everything that has ever been
>> written by or about this “genius”.  Of very special interest was his
>> Boundary Layer Turbine which he patented in 1913.   After doing
>> extensive research into this very efficient turbine unit I quickly came to
>> the conclusion that all that were writing about or researching this device
>> did not fully understand just how it worked for Tesla was very “shrewd” in
>> writing his patents and never divulged all of the technology!  I went to
>> the very “top” internet sites and publications regarding the subject
>> turbine and found that no one had a “clue’ as to how it really was intended
>> to work at the “super high thermal conversion” figures.  Bendix Corp.
>> tested a 500HP version of this turbine being operated on steam and was
>> astounded with the results. This turbine was abandoned early due to the
>> lack of the proper metallurgy needed in the runners (disk) which had the
>> needed stress modulus.  Due to my background and Degree in the
>> Aeronautical Discipline I fully understood just how the Boundary Layer
>> Effect was utilized by Tesla to achieve the phenomenal thermal efficiency.
>> In 1994, same shop that I machined the IVR unit; I built a museum quality
>> Tesla Turbine to demonstrate the technology.  I filed with the US Patent
>> office the Patent Disclosure of a new very unique new hub design that
>> eliminated all the labyrinth seal design of Tesla and booster the
>> operational efficiency and simplified the construction of said turbine.  At
>> the International Tesla Conference, Colorado Springs, 1995, I donated this
>> Tesla Turbine along with the Patent Disclosure to the museum and it went on
>> display and was demonstrated to all museum visitors.
>>
>> After Jim and I addressed the IVR under “VES” his next question was
>> “Norm, how are we going to utilize the thermal output of the IVR for power
>> generation”?  My answer, Tesla Boundary Layer Turbine, to which Jim
>> said, “Please educate me for I have not heard of this before”.  I sent
>> to Jim all the documentation and drawings along with stress analytical
>> formulas for the high speed disk utilized in the turbine.  Since this
>> turbine operates at such high speeds, Jim quickly showed me the stress
>> calculations for runners (disk) that he would produce in carbon/carbon
>> composite that would successfully operate in the required environment and
>> would be impervious to erosion and could be surface finished at the micron
>> level.  I laid out in “Flow block” diagrams, the operation of the
>> Boundary layer Turbine utilizing a high density refrigerant that had the
>> operational characteristics we needed for a low pressure, low temperature
>> very efficient turbine.  To achieve the “off the charts” thermal
>> efficiency, advanced Mechanical Vapor Recompression (MVR) Industrial Heat
>> pumping technology will be incorporated into the System. We are able to
>> achieve a very conservative COP of 20:1 Energy in vs. thermal output.  This
>> is totally achievable in the modern Heat pump Technology!  (MVR) Heat
>> Pump technology will be address in next segment. Our system is a huge shift
>> from the current steam turbines which all operate at very high pressures
>> and very high temperatures so as to maximize the extraction or conversion
>> of thermal energy into mechanical energy to drive the generators (really
>> alternators).  “Carnot’ cycle” or method of calculating system thermal
>> efficiency. Our System operates at relatively low pressures and
>> temperatures vastly simplifying design, fabrication and operation and
>> practically eliminates most maintenance requirements. Both Jim and I have
>> all the documentation of this System in our files!   This is a unique
>> System approach to be prototyped and Patent Apply for at the Victorville
>> Facility.
>>
>> No one has put together the “blocks” for such a System that has such very
>> high performance and efficiency.
>>
>>
>>
>> Next segment: MVR
>>
>> ...
>
> 
>

The gas flow is highly laminar.  Have you ever seen a Lockheed 104, Star 
fighter loose a wing due to cavitation erosion!  NaDa! Speaking of 
cavitation, back in 1956 through 1963, I ran the repair department for a 
large Marina. My into to cavitation was with boat propellers where I 
often saw lots of erosion. You have to understand your above question as 
to when and how micro vortex cavitation occurs. When a boat is operating 
at high speeds, the water flow is highly laminar. When in stall, high 
torque operation, there is huge cavitation.  Example was shown to me by 
a large Contractor operating a big sand dredge in the Red River 
producing sand for the concrete and road construction folks.  They had a 
50 ton dredge barge in the river being moved around with a 25 HP Johnson 
outboard.  The outboard was operated at about 3/4 throttle (4500 RPM, 
gear ratio of 12/21 = 1.75:1 = prop RPM of 2570 in a near stall 
configuration created a huge cavitation situation. 6 months of operating 
the aluminum props would eat away all the metal at the blade root near 
the hub.  When the 4 bladed hard bronze work props came out, a lot of 
these problem went away for the 4 blade design was more suited to this 
stall type of thrust.  Observe and you will learn.  Oh!  Jim, mt 
business partner was into the carbon/carbon composite business so we 
designed our turbine disk out of glass smooth carbon composite which is 
10X stronger than steel.

I built several of the turbines, one of which I donated to the Tesla 
Museum at Colorado Springs back in 1995. It operated on liquid CO2,with 
heat ex changer to make regulated 120PSI gas driving the nozzles at the 
disk. It had a built in alternator to show the generation of electricity 
from gas flow.  Was neat. Dennis Lee bought all of the Museum property 
at Bankruptcy Sale. $5,000 cash!

My Tesla Turbine construction bench in my 5200 sq. ft. lab.

On 12/13/2018 7:15 AM, Mick Jekyll [email protected] [EVGRAY] wrote:
> Norm, How is cavitation damage to the disks prevented?
>
> This shock wave action answers all the issues with the low torque of 
> all the non shockwave designs, very eye opening.
>
> Oh and I was half right, he already was specifying a variable nozzle 
> like the latest Porsche turbochargers.  Interesting how their turbolag 
> is just about non existant now.
>
> On Thu, Dec 13, 2018, 7:22 AM Norman Wootan [email protected] 
> <mailto:[email protected]> [EVGRAY] <[email protected] 
> <mailto:[email protected]>> wrote:
>
>     Since I am a graduate of Embry Riddle Aeronautical University and
>     spent practically a life-time in Aeronautics, I tend to understand
>     the operation of this turbine as Nikola Tesla designed it and not
>     like the shade tree builders envision it.   The Schifrin
>     Photography of super-sonic air flow over airfoils back in the day
>     of NACA before NASA. opened the door of understanding just how
>     Tesla's Turbine really worked.
>
>     https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla_turbine
>
>     Quote, A Tesla turbine consists of a set of smooth disks, with
>     nozzles <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nozzle> applying a moving
>     fluid to the edge of the disk.
>
>     DeLeval nozzle designed to achieve sonic velocities and energy
>     conversion in throat choking. see diagram
>
>     https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Nozzle_de_Laval_diagram.svg/250px-Nozzle_de_Laval_diagram.svg.png
>
>     Red line is Temperature and Green line is pressure both are called
>     Potential Energy. The Blue line is Kinetic Energy and with proper
>     throat design for a given condition you can achieve a near
>     complete conversion of Energy from Potential to Kinetic.   The
>     Tesla nozzle was tune-able to achieve these conditions.
>
>     In Fig 4 Tesla depicted the tune-able DeLeval throat to achieve
>     the sonic velocities needed to drive the disk with shock wave
>     adhesion.
>
>     For super high efficiencies, the Tesla Turbine must be operated
>     with a condense-able fluid, water to steam back to water.  My
>     condenser operated at around 40 degrees F. (partial vacuum).  My
>     operating fluid was Refrigerant R-113 which gave me a vapor
>     density greater than air and was condense-able below the boiling
>     point of 117 degree F.
>
>     This turbine can also be applied to condensing plants operating
>     with high vacuum. In such a case, owing to the very great
>     expansion ratio, the exhaust mixture will be at a relatively low
>     temperature and suitable for admission to the condenser.
>
>     On 12/12/2018 2:54 PM, Norman Wootan wrote:
>>
>>     Mick, Tesla knew DeLeval and since Allis Chalmers, Millwakee,WI
>>     was already employing the nozzles in their commercial turbines,
>>     he went to them to build his Turbines and test them.
>>
>>     https://www.autoevolution.com/news/nikola-tesla-s-revolutionary-engine-still-lies-untouched-here-s-how-it-works-112254.html
>>
>>     The Turbine tested by Con Edison, NY  200 HP
>>
>>     The Allis-Chalmers version, 1 0f 3 built. 500 HP
>>
>>     On 12/12/2018 9:12 AM, Norman Wootan wrote:
>>>
>>>     Mick, WRONG on your ideas regarding the Tesla Turbine operating
>>>     principles.  In my presentation at the Steven Elswick, Tesla
>>>     Tech Conference, 2016, I went into great detail as to the
>>>     operating principles of Teslas' Turbine which is nothing like
>>>     you see, so called experts claiming.  (Reason why I wanted Doug
>>>     to Post the DVD on YouTube).  First of all, to achieve the
>>>     fantastic efficiencies that Tesla got was to understand super
>>>     sonic shock waves that adhere to the smooth disk boundary layer.
>>>     DeLeval developed the nozzle for rockets to achieve the thrust
>>>     needed for flight which was quickly picked up on by Robert
>>>     Goddard.  A properly designed Tesla Turbine has DeLeval nozzles
>>>     which operate at about 1400 ft./sec. velocities which is just
>>>     above super sonic velocity. A short distance from the nozzle the
>>>     driving gases transition to sub-sonic velocity forming a
>>>     transition shock wave which imparts the full kinetic energy of
>>>     the gases to the moving disk.  Remember that you are converting
>>>     POTENTIAL ENERGY (high pressure gas in steam chest) into KINETIC
>>>     ENERGY super sonic gas flow.  NO ONE understands this basic
>>>     principle.  Steven Elswick, Tesla Tech has my DVD for sale.
>>>
>>>
>>>
>>>
>>>     enter image description here
>>>
>>>     https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rocket_engine_nozzle
>>>     https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/De_Laval_nozzle
>>>
>>>     Do some reading and understand the terminology such as CHOKED
>>>     FLOW to achieve super-sonic velocities.
>>>     Mick, It is all in your basic research and understanding.
>>>
>>>     On 12/11/2018 5:05 PM, Mick Jekyll [email protected]
>>>     <mailto:[email protected]> [EVGRAY] wrote:
>>>>
>>>>     Norman,
>>>>     Fantastic projects you have been involved with. Have had many
>>>>     mental exercises in advances to the boundary layer turbine. 
>>>>     One of which is a more parabolic funnel type core with
>>>>     graduated sized disks and the variable nozzle  addition similar
>>>>     to the latest Porsche turbochargers that overcome turbo lag.
>>>>     Also variable disk spacing would be trick but more to go wrong.
>>>>     So in essence a bit of Schauberger thrown in with Tesla for
>>>>     good measure.  A tad bit more complex. Sounds as if you have
>>>>     had similar thoughts and already engineered something from
>>>>     both  camps of thought.
>>>>
>>>>
>>>>     On Dec 11, 2018 9:39 AM, "Norman Wootan [email protected]
>>>>     <mailto:[email protected]> [EVGRAY]" <[email protected]
>>>>     <mailto:[email protected]>> wrote:
>>>>
>>>>         When Looking back into the 20 plus years of files,
>>>>         documentation, e-mail and Keely Net BBS dialog files,it
>>>>         would be a crying shame for all of this valuable and
>>>>         informative data to be lost.  I have decided to post,
>>>>         incrementally a lot of information onto this group site for
>>>>         your research use if you choose.  In retrospect, I have
>>>>         realized that many folks out there have stolen ideas,
>>>>         Patents etc. from those of us that have given information
>>>>         freely as did Tesla and even Hector.  I have always tried
>>>>         to share knowledge for the benefit of all.
>>>>
>>>>
>>>>         Norman L. Wootan
>>>>
>>>>         13723 Lynndale Loop
>>>>
>>>>         Abbeville, LA 70510
>>>>
>>>>         [email protected] <mailto:[email protected]>
>>>>
>>>>         (214)907-0010
>>>>
>>>>         Time line development of Technologies related to “VES”
>>>>         Green Energy Systems
>>>>
>>>>         The “Implosion Vortex Reactor” (IVR) was the starting block
>>>>         of technology for the VES program.
>>>>
>>>>         Due to my visit with Jim, in his home in CA. in thesummer
>>>>         of 2001 searching for an “ultra high temp.” ceramic
>>>>         material, his intense interest was “tweaked” in this
>>>>         technology!
>>>>
>>>>         I digress here:In 1980, I was developing the methodology
>>>>         for making hydrogen gas from basic carbon and water in a
>>>>         unique type of reactor vessel. In 1994, I machined and
>>>>         assembled the first prototype 304 stainless “Implosion
>>>>         Vortex Reactor”.Was not able to arouse any interest in the
>>>>         technology here in the US.An Investor Group in Berlin GE
>>>>         invited Me in 2001 to fly to Berlin and do a formal
>>>>         presentation of the technology at which time the Patent
>>>>         process was begun and funding for the project was set up. I
>>>>         went to Carson City NV. And set up the necessary Wells
>>>>         Fargo account and Incorporation for the funding to
>>>>         proceed.A 5200 sq. ft. Research lab was constructed on my
>>>>         52 acre farm at Hubbard, TX for the purpose of prototype
>>>>         development.I was in weekly contact with Jim due to his
>>>>         interest in the Project.In 2005, the Project was funded
>>>>         ($1.5 million) by GAZPROM, Russia being represented by Her
>>>>         Deitsmar.My prototype development was funded at the
>>>>         $250,000 level. While I was machining out the two
>>>>         prototypes (one from 6061 aluminum to develop the CAD specs
>>>>         and drawings, and the second working, “proof of concept
>>>>         reactor” from 310 stainless steel) Jim asked me to assist
>>>>         him in the construction of a Vapor Infusion Furnace at
>>>>         Carbondale, IL so that he could produce a needed densified
>>>>         ceramic reactor unit!I have provided you in previous
>>>>         documentation the background info on this Program at SICU.
>>>>         In which we had a working agreement with the University. In
>>>>         the spring of 2006, at the “Proof of concept” test of
>>>>         stainless IVR attended by 6 Engineers and Investor
>>>>         representatives from Europe it was learned that John
>>>>         MacAllen Funding and Project coordinator has
>>>>         misappropriated $1.2 million of the Project funds. He had
>>>>         moved to the US from Berlin, GE and purchased a home and
>>>>         yacht in Florida of which we had a satellite photo of home
>>>>         and boat in the slip.GAZPROM, Russia took legal action
>>>>         against MacAllen and took possession of both prototypes and
>>>>         Patent Rights.See: both Euro and U.S. Patents.In the spring
>>>>         of 2006, Jim and I agreed to pursue the IVR technology
>>>>         using the JEP Patent Process to Patent around my basic
>>>>         patents. Jim had the technology to produce the required
>>>>         densified ceramics so as to operate the IVR at the optimum
>>>>         thermal environment. It was our intention to build out our
>>>>         version of the “Implosion Vortex Reactor” at the envisioned
>>>>         Victorville, CA Lab Complex when the project was adequately
>>>>         funded. To that end, Jim was working his heart out!Since I
>>>>         designed the IVR and wrote the Patents, I left a lot of the
>>>>         “technology” undisclosed so as to have the latitude for the
>>>>         JEP Patent Process which Jim wanted to do with our Patent
>>>>         Attorney.Jim gave me the big “atta boy” for having the
>>>>         forsight and thinking ahead!I have a complete historical
>>>>         book of the whole Project with all the Contact Letters with
>>>>         both US Government and Industrial Investors.I hand
>>>>         delivered a complete set of these documents to the George
>>>>         Bush Western Whitehouse at Crawford, TX for our President
>>>>         to review.The same docs were provided to DOE, Newt Gingrich
>>>>         and Senator Byrd of WVA.This will give you a great deal of
>>>>         insight into the IVR portion of our “VES” Program!
>>>>
>>>>         Next!The “Implosion Vortex Turbine” our “Prime Mover”(my
>>>>         vastly improved Tesla Turbine)
>>>>
>>>>         To be continued in next message:
>>>>
>>>>         Time line development of Technologies related to “VES”
>>>>         Green Energy Systems
>>>>
>>>>         This is the second Technology for the “VES” Project:The
>>>>         Implosion Vortex Turbine.
>>>>
>>>>         Since back in the early 70’s I have been an “avid”
>>>>         Researcher in the Technology of Nikola Tesla.I have
>>>>         everything that has ever been written by or about this
>>>>         “genius”.Of very special interest was his Boundary Layer
>>>>         Turbine which he patented in 1913.After doing extensive
>>>>         research into this very efficient turbine unit I quickly
>>>>         came to the conclusion that all that were writing about or
>>>>         researching this device did not fully understand just how
>>>>         it worked for Tesla was very “shrewd” in writing his
>>>>         patents and never divulged all of the technology!I went to
>>>>         the very “top” internet sites and publications regarding
>>>>         the subject turbine and found that no one had a “clue’ as
>>>>         to how it really was intended to work at the “super high
>>>>         thermal conversion” figures.Bendix Corp. tested a 500HP
>>>>         version of this turbine being operated on steam and was
>>>>         astounded with the results. This turbine was abandoned
>>>>         early due to the lack of the proper metallurgy needed in
>>>>         the runners (disk) which had the needed stress modulus.Due
>>>>         to my background and Degree in the Aeronautical Discipline
>>>>         I fully understood just how the Boundary Layer Effect was
>>>>         utilized by Tesla to achieve the phenomenal thermal
>>>>         efficiency. In 1994, same shop that I machined the IVR
>>>>         unit; I built a museum quality Tesla Turbine to demonstrate
>>>>         the technology.I filed with the US Patent office the Patent
>>>>         Disclosure of a new very unique new hub design that
>>>>         eliminated all the labyrinth seal design of Tesla and
>>>>         booster the operational efficiency and simplified the
>>>>         construction of said turbine.At the International Tesla
>>>>         Conference, Colorado Springs, 1995, I donated this Tesla
>>>>         Turbine along with the Patent Disclosure to the museum and
>>>>         it went on display and was demonstrated to all museum visitors.
>>>>
>>>>         After Jim and I addressed the IVR under “VES” his next
>>>>         question was “Norm, how are we going to utilize the thermal
>>>>         output of the IVR for power generation”?My answer, Tesla
>>>>         Boundary Layer Turbine, to which Jim said, “Please educate
>>>>         me for I have not heard of this before”.I sent to Jim all
>>>>         the documentation and drawings along with stress analytical
>>>>         formulas for the high speed disk utilized in the
>>>>         turbine.Since this turbine operates at such high speeds,
>>>>         Jim quickly showed me the stress calculations for runners
>>>>         (disk) that he would produce in carbon/carbon composite
>>>>         that would successfully operate in the required environment
>>>>         and would be impervious to erosion and could be surface
>>>>         finished at the micron level.I laid out in “Flow block”
>>>>         diagrams, the operation of the Boundary layer Turbine
>>>>         utilizing a high density refrigerant that had the
>>>>         operational characteristics we needed for a low pressure,
>>>>         low temperature very efficient turbine.To achieve the “off
>>>>         the charts” thermal efficiency, advanced Mechanical Vapor
>>>>         Recompression (MVR) Industrial Heat pumping technology will
>>>>         be incorporated into the System. We are able to achieve a
>>>>         very conservative COP of 20:1 Energy in vs. thermal
>>>>         output.This is totally achievable in the modern Heat pump
>>>>         Technology!(MVR) Heat Pump technology will be address in
>>>>         next segment. Our system is a huge shift from the current
>>>>         steam turbines which all operate at very high pressures and
>>>>         very high temperatures so as to maximize the extraction or
>>>>         conversion of thermal energy into mechanical energy to
>>>>         drive the generators (really alternators).“Carnot’ cycle”
>>>>         or method of calculating system thermal efficiency. Our
>>>>         System operates at relatively low pressures and
>>>>         temperatures vastly simplifying design, fabrication and
>>>>         operation and practically eliminates most maintenance
>>>>         requirements. Both Jim and I have all the documentation of
>>>>         this System in our files!This is a unique System approach
>>>>         to be prototyped and Patent Apply for at the Victorville
>>>>         Facility.
>>>>
>>>>         No one has put together the “blocks” for such a System that
>>>>         has such very high performance and efficiency.
>>>>
>>>>         Next segment: MVR
>>>>
>>>>         ...
>>>>
>

Norm,
So how does the phase change and expansion of water with some antifreeze
compare to the refrigerant in a partial vacuum system with the TT?
I know water expansion during phase change is one of the highest so the
contraction should be of similar ratio.  Is maintaining the proper phase
change vapor density along with maintaining  the shockwave location
difficult?
Is the TT another "narrowband high Q" design best run at constant RPM that
needs to be load tuned?

When is disk to spacer width defined, is this vapor density dependant?


On Thu, Dec 13, 2018, 7:22 AM Norman Wootan [email protected] [EVGRAY] <
[email protected]> wrote:

>
>
> Since I am a graduate of Embry Riddle Aeronautical University and spent
> practically a life-time in Aeronautics, I tend to understand the operation
> of this turbine as Nikola Tesla designed it and not like the shade tree
> builders envision it.   The Schifrin Photography of super-sonic air flow
> over airfoils back in the day of NACA before NASA. opened the door of
> understanding just how Tesla's Turbine really worked.
>
> https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla_turbine
>
> Quote, A Tesla turbine consists of a set of smooth disks, with nozzles
> <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nozzle> applying a moving fluid to the
> edge of the disk.
>
> DeLeval nozzle designed to achieve sonic velocities and energy conversion
> in throat choking. see diagram
>
> Red line is Temperature and Green line is pressure both are called
> Potential Energy.  The Blue line is Kinetic Energy and with proper throat
> design for a given condition you can achieve a near complete conversion of
> Energy from Potential to Kinetic.   The Tesla nozzle was tune-able to
> achieve these conditions.
>
> In Fig 4 Tesla depicted the tune-able DeLeval throat to achieve the sonic
> velocities needed to drive the disk with shock wave adhesion.
>
> For super high efficiencies, the Tesla Turbine must be operated with a
> condense-able fluid, water to steam back to water.  My condenser operated
> at around 40 degrees F.  (partial vacuum).  My operating fluid was
> Refrigerant R-113 which gave me a vapor density greater than air and was
> condense-able below the boiling point of 117 degree F.
>
> This turbine can also be applied to condensing plants operating with high
> vacuum. In such a case, owing to the very great expansion ratio, the
> exhaust mixture will be at a relatively low temperature and suitable for
> admission to the condenser.
> On 12/12/2018 2:54 PM, Norman Wootan wrote:
>
> Mick, Tesla knew DeLeval and since Allis Chalmers, Millwakee,WI was
> already employing the nozzles in their commercial turbines, he went to them
> to build his Turbines and test them.
>
> https://www.autoevolution.com/news/nikola-tesla-s-revolutionary-engine-still-lies-untouched-here-s-how-it-works-112254.html
>
> The Turbine tested by Con Edison, NY  200 HP
> The Allis-Chalmers version, 1 0f 3 built. 500 HP
>
>
> On 12/12/2018 9:12 AM, Norman Wootan wrote:
>
> Mick, WRONG on your ideas regarding the Tesla Turbine operating
> principles.  In my presentation at the Steven Elswick, Tesla Tech
> Conference, 2016, I went into great detail as to the operating principles
> of Teslas' Turbine which is nothing like you see, so called experts
> claiming.  (Reason why I wanted Doug to Post the DVD on YouTube).  First of
> all, to achieve the fantastic efficiencies that Tesla got was to understand
> super sonic shock waves that adhere to the smooth disk boundary layer.
> DeLeval developed the nozzle for rockets to achieve the thrust needed for
> flight which was quickly picked up on by Robert Goddard.  A properly
> designed Tesla Turbine has DeLeval nozzles which operate at about 1400
> ft./sec. velocities which is just above super sonic velocity. A short
> distance from the nozzle the driving gases transition to sub-sonic velocity
> forming a transition shock wave which imparts the full kinetic energy of
> the gases to the moving disk.  Remember that you are converting POTENTIAL
> ENERGY (high pressure gas in steam chest) into KINETIC ENERGY super sonic
> gas flow.  NO ONE understands this basic principle.  Steven Elswick, Tesla
> Tech has my DVD for sale.
>
>
>
>
> [image: enter image description here]
>
> https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rocket_engine_nozzle
> https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/De_Laval_nozzle
>
> Do some reading and understand the terminology such as CHOKED FLOW to
> achieve super-sonic velocities.
> Mick, It is all in your basic research and understanding.
>
> On 12/11/2018 5:05 PM, Mick Jekyll [email protected] [EVGRAY] wrote:
>
>
>
> Norman,
> Fantastic projects you have been involved with. Have had many mental
> exercises in advances to the boundary layer turbine.  One of which is a
> more parabolic funnel type core with graduated sized disks and the variable
> nozzle  addition similar to the latest Porsche turbochargers that overcome
> turbo lag. Also variable disk spacing would be trick but more to go wrong.
> So in essence a bit of Schauberger thrown in with Tesla for good measure.
> A tad bit more complex. Sounds as if you have had similar thoughts and
> already engineered something from both  camps of thought.
>
> On Dec 11, 2018 9:39 AM, "Norman Wootan [email protected] [EVGRAY]" <
> [email protected]> wrote:
>
>>
>>
>> When Looking back into the 20 plus years of files, documentation, e-mail
>> and Keely Net BBS dialog files,it would be a crying shame for all of this
>> valuable and informative data to be lost.  I have decided to post,
>> incrementally a lot of information onto this group site for your research
>> use if you choose.  In retrospect, I have realized that many folks out
>> there have stolen ideas, Patents etc. from those of us that have given
>> information freely as did Tesla and even Hector.  I have always tried to
>> share knowledge for the benefit of all.
>>
>>
>> Norman L. Wootan
>>
>> 13723 Lynndale Loop
>>
>> Abbeville, LA 70510
>>
>> [email protected]
>>
>> (214)907-0010
>>
>>
>>
>> Time line development of Technologies related to “VES” Green Energy
>> Systems
>>
>> The “Implosion Vortex Reactor” (IVR) was the starting block of technology
>> for the VES program.
>>
>> Due to my visit with Jim, in his home in CA. in the  summer of 2001
>> searching for an “ultra high temp.” ceramic material, his intense interest
>> was “tweaked” in this technology!
>>
>> I digress here:  In 1980, I was developing the methodology for making
>> hydrogen gas from basic carbon and water in a unique type of reactor
>> vessel. In 1994, I machined and assembled the first prototype 304 stainless
>> “Implosion Vortex Reactor”.  Was not able to arouse any interest in the
>> technology here in the US.   An Investor Group in Berlin GE invited Me
>> in 2001 to fly to Berlin and do a formal presentation of the technology at
>> which time the Patent process was begun and funding for the project was set
>> up. I went to Carson City NV. And set up the necessary Wells Fargo account
>> and Incorporation for the funding to proceed.  A 5200 sq. ft. Research
>> lab was constructed on my 52 acre farm at Hubbard, TX for the purpose of
>> prototype development.  I was in weekly contact with Jim due to his
>> interest in the Project.  In 2005, the Project was funded ($1.5 million)
>> by GAZPROM, Russia being represented by Her Deitsmar.  My prototype
>> development was funded at the $250,000 level. While I was machining out the
>> two prototypes (one from 6061 aluminum to develop the CAD specs and
>> drawings, and the second working, “proof of concept reactor” from 310
>> stainless steel) Jim asked me to assist him in the construction of a Vapor
>> Infusion Furnace at Carbondale, IL so that he could produce a needed
>> densified ceramic reactor unit!  I have provided you in previous
>> documentation the background info on this Program at SICU. In which we had
>> a working agreement with the University. In the spring of 2006, at the
>> “Proof of concept” test of stainless IVR attended by 6 Engineers and
>> Investor representatives from Europe it was learned that John MacAllen
>> Funding and Project coordinator has misappropriated $1.2 million of the
>> Project funds. He had moved to the US from Berlin, GE and purchased a home
>> and yacht in Florida of which we had a satellite photo of home and boat in
>> the slip.  GAZPROM, Russia took legal action against MacAllen and took
>> possession of both prototypes and Patent Rights.  See: both Euro and
>> U.S. Patents.  In the spring of 2006, Jim and I agreed to pursue the IVR
>> technology using the JEP Patent Process to Patent around my basic patents.
>> Jim had the technology to produce the required densified ceramics so as to
>> operate the IVR at the optimum thermal environment. It was our intention to
>> build out our version of the “Implosion Vortex Reactor” at the envisioned
>> Victorville, CA Lab Complex when the project was adequately funded. To that
>> end, Jim was working his heart out!  Since I designed the IVR and wrote
>> the Patents, I left a lot of the “technology” undisclosed so as to have the
>> latitude for the JEP Patent Process which Jim wanted to do with our Patent
>> Attorney.  Jim gave me the big “atta boy” for having the forsight and
>> thinking ahead!  I have a complete historical book of the whole Project
>> with all the Contact Letters with both US Government and Industrial
>> Investors.  I hand delivered a complete set of these documents to the
>> George Bush Western Whitehouse at Crawford, TX for our President to review.
>> The same docs were provided to DOE, Newt Gingrich and Senator Byrd of WVA.
>> This will give you a great deal of insight into the IVR portion of our
>> “VES” Program!
>>
>>
>>
>> Next!  The “Implosion Vortex Turbine” our “Prime Mover”(my vastly
>> improved Tesla Turbine)
>>
>> To be continued in next message:
>>
>> Time line development of Technologies related to “VES” Green Energy
>> Systems
>>
>> This is the second Technology for the “VES” Project:  The Implosion
>> Vortex Turbine.
>>
>> Since back in the early 70’s I have been an “avid” Researcher in the
>> Technology of Nikola Tesla.  I have everything that has ever been
>> written by or about this “genius”.  Of very special interest was his
>> Boundary Layer Turbine which he patented in 1913.   After doing
>> extensive research into this very efficient turbine unit I quickly came to
>> the conclusion that all that were writing about or researching this device
>> did not fully understand just how it worked for Tesla was very “shrewd” in
>> writing his patents and never divulged all of the technology!  I went to
>> the very “top” internet sites and publications regarding the subject
>> turbine and found that no one had a “clue’ as to how it really was intended
>> to work at the “super high thermal conversion” figures.  Bendix Corp.
>> tested a 500HP version of this turbine being operated on steam and was
>> astounded with the results. This turbine was abandoned early due to the
>> lack of the proper metallurgy needed in the runners (disk) which had the
>> needed stress modulus.  Due to my background and Degree in the
>> Aeronautical Discipline I fully understood just how the Boundary Layer
>> Effect was utilized by Tesla to achieve the phenomenal thermal efficiency.
>> In 1994, same shop that I machined the IVR unit; I built a museum quality
>> Tesla Turbine to demonstrate the technology.  I filed with the US Patent
>> office the Patent Disclosure of a new very unique new hub design that
>> eliminated all the labyrinth seal design of Tesla and booster the
>> operational efficiency and simplified the construction of said turbine.  At
>> the International Tesla Conference, Colorado Springs, 1995, I donated this
>> Tesla Turbine along with the Patent Disclosure to the museum and it went on
>> display and was demonstrated to all museum visitors.
>>
>> After Jim and I addressed the IVR under “VES” his next question was
>> “Norm, how are we going to utilize the thermal output of the IVR for power
>> generation”?  My answer, Tesla Boundary Layer Turbine, to which Jim
>> said, “Please educate me for I have not heard of this before”.  I sent
>> to Jim all the documentation and drawings along with stress analytical
>> formulas for the high speed disk utilized in the turbine.  Since this
>> turbine operates at such high speeds, Jim quickly showed me the stress
>> calculations for runners (disk) that he would produce in carbon/carbon
>> composite that would successfully operate in the required environment and
>> would be impervious to erosion and could be surface finished at the micron
>> level.  I laid out in “Flow block” diagrams, the operation of the
>> Boundary layer Turbine utilizing a high density refrigerant that had the
>> operational characteristics we needed for a low pressure, low temperature
>> very efficient turbine.  To achieve the “off the charts” thermal
>> efficiency, advanced Mechanical Vapor Recompression (MVR) Industrial Heat
>> pumping technology will be incorporated into the System. We are able to
>> achieve a very conservative COP of 20:1 Energy in vs. thermal output.  This
>> is totally achievable in the modern Heat pump Technology!  (MVR) Heat
>> Pump technology will be address in next segment. Our system is a huge shift
>> from the current steam turbines which all operate at very high pressures
>> and very high temperatures so as to maximize the extraction or conversion
>> of thermal energy into mechanical energy to drive the generators (really
>> alternators).  “Carnot’ cycle” or method of calculating system thermal
>> efficiency. Our System operates at relatively low pressures and
>> temperatures vastly simplifying design, fabrication and operation and
>> practically eliminates most maintenance requirements. Both Jim and I have
>> all the documentation of this System in our files!   This is a unique
>> System approach to be prototyped and Patent Apply for at the Victorville
>> Facility.
>>
>> No one has put together the “blocks” for such a System that has such very
>> high performance and efficiency.
>>
>>
>>
>> Next segment: MVR
>>
>> ...
>
> 
>

Your questions are well thought out and logical.  The load tuning is 
just like the electrical analog in that you have to tune the DeLeval 
nozzle through on the fly to constant speed/torque requirement.  The 
Fig. 4 depicted by Tesla was a Patent application drawing  but conveyed 
the concept rather accurately as to how to create an auto adjusting 
throat in the nozzle based on the choking phenomenon which enables shock 
wave sonic operation. Your guess as to operation a multi fluid such as 
water with anti-freeze added is a whole ball park of worms.  Your guess 
is as good as mine.  A dense refrigerant is my first choice for you can 
select you operating parameters where water is rather fixed by nature.  
Once you build one around water as your operating fluid, then you can 
graduate to a more complex solution.  Our condenser, boiler and turbine 
combination used three different refrigerants with individual operation 
parameters which enable the cscavenging of ambient heat, latent heat of 
condensation all back into front end of process. This is where MVR is so 
handy since you use three different refrigerants, you are always in a 
relative low lift situation and can achieve an over all 20/1 COP.  Ole 
recognizes this situation and commented correctly regarding the MVR 
principles.   By experimenting with 3 ea. 5 ft. X 12 ft. nicely built 
and insulated Solar Pool Water Heater Panels mounted on a huge A frame 
oriented to the South with correct angle of inclination, was able to get 
180 degree F. water in my storage tanks to play with the MVR 
principles.  That is another story!! A stand alone home power generating 
and comfort heating and cooling system running off the environment.  
Especially in coastal Southern locations. 
https://link.springer.com/referenceworkentry/10.1007%2F978-90-481-2642-2_327 
970 BTU/lb. of water in the air at high RH!!!!

On 12/13/2018 7:31 AM, Mick Jekyll [email protected] [EVGRAY] wrote:
> Norm,
> So how does the phase change and expansion of water with some 
> antifreeze compare to the refrigerant in a partial vacuum system with 
> the TT?
> I know water expansion during phase change is one of the highest so 
> the contraction should be of similar ratio.  Is maintaining the proper 
> phase change vapor density along with maintaining  the shockwave 
> location difficult?
> Is the TT another "narrowband high Q" design best run at constant RPM 
> that needs to be load tuned?
>
> When is disk to spacer width defined, is this vapor density dependant?
>
>
> On Thu, Dec 13, 2018, 7:22 AM Norman Wootan [email protected] 
> <mailto:[email protected]> [EVGRAY] <[email protected] 
> <mailto:[email protected]>> wrote:
>
>     Since I am a graduate of Embry Riddle Aeronautical University and
>     spent practically a life-time in Aeronautics, I tend to understand
>     the operation of this turbine as Nikola Tesla designed it and not
>     like the shade tree builders envision it.   The Schifrin
>     Photography of super-sonic air flow over airfoils back in the day
>     of NACA before NASA. opened the door of understanding just how
>     Tesla's Turbine really worked.
>
>     https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla_turbine
>
>     Quote, A Tesla turbine consists of a set of smooth disks, with
>     nozzles <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nozzle> applying a moving
>     fluid to the edge of the disk.
>
>     DeLeval nozzle designed to achieve sonic velocities and energy
>     conversion in throat choking. see diagram
>
>     https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Nozzle_de_Laval_diagram.svg/250px-Nozzle_de_Laval_diagram.svg.png
>
>     Red line is Temperature and Green line is pressure both are called
>     Potential Energy. The Blue line is Kinetic Energy and with proper
>     throat design for a given condition you can achieve a near
>     complete conversion of Energy from Potential to Kinetic.   The
>     Tesla nozzle was tune-able to achieve these conditions.
>
>     In Fig 4 Tesla depicted the tune-able DeLeval throat to achieve
>     the sonic velocities needed to drive the disk with shock wave
>     adhesion.
>
>     For super high efficiencies, the Tesla Turbine must be operated
>     with a condense-able fluid, water to steam back to water.  My
>     condenser operated at around 40 degrees F. (partial vacuum).  My
>     operating fluid was Refrigerant R-113 which gave me a vapor
>     density greater than air and was condense-able below the boiling
>     point of 117 degree F.
>
>     This turbine can also be applied to condensing plants operating
>     with high vacuum. In such a case, owing to the very great
>     expansion ratio, the exhaust mixture will be at a relatively low
>     temperature and suitable for admission to the condenser.
>
>     On 12/12/2018 2:54 PM, Norman Wootan wrote:
>>
>>     Mick, Tesla knew DeLeval and since Allis Chalmers, Millwakee,WI
>>     was already employing the nozzles in their commercial turbines,
>>     he went to them to build his Turbines and test them.
>>
>>     https://www.autoevolution.com/news/nikola-tesla-s-revolutionary-engine-still-lies-untouched-here-s-how-it-works-112254.html
>>
>>     The Turbine tested by Con Edison, NY  200 HP
>>
>>     The Allis-Chalmers version, 1 0f 3 built. 500 HP
>>
>>     On 12/12/2018 9:12 AM, Norman Wootan wrote:
>>>
>>>     Mick, WRONG on your ideas regarding the Tesla Turbine operating
>>>     principles.  In my presentation at the Steven Elswick, Tesla
>>>     Tech Conference, 2016, I went into great detail as to the
>>>     operating principles of Teslas' Turbine which is nothing like
>>>     you see, so called experts claiming.  (Reason why I wanted Doug
>>>     to Post the DVD on YouTube).  First of all, to achieve the
>>>     fantastic efficiencies that Tesla got was to understand super
>>>     sonic shock waves that adhere to the smooth disk boundary layer.
>>>     DeLeval developed the nozzle for rockets to achieve the thrust
>>>     needed for flight which was quickly picked up on by Robert
>>>     Goddard.  A properly designed Tesla Turbine has DeLeval nozzles
>>>     which operate at about 1400 ft./sec. velocities which is just
>>>     above super sonic velocity. A short distance from the nozzle the
>>>     driving gases transition to sub-sonic velocity forming a
>>>     transition shock wave which imparts the full kinetic energy of
>>>     the gases to the moving disk.  Remember that you are converting
>>>     POTENTIAL ENERGY (high pressure gas in steam chest) into KINETIC
>>>     ENERGY super sonic gas flow.  NO ONE understands this basic
>>>     principle.  Steven Elswick, Tesla Tech has my DVD for sale.
>>>
>>>
>>>
>>>
>>>     enter image description here
>>>
>>>     https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rocket_engine_nozzle
>>>     https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/De_Laval_nozzle
>>>
>>>     Do some reading and understand the terminology such as CHOKED
>>>     FLOW to achieve super-sonic velocities.
>>>     Mick, It is all in your basic research and understanding.
>>>
>>>     On 12/11/2018 5:05 PM, Mick Jekyll [email protected]
>>>     <mailto:[email protected]> [EVGRAY] wrote:
>>>>
>>>>     Norman,
>>>>     Fantastic projects you have been involved with. Have had many
>>>>     mental exercises in advances to the boundary layer turbine. 
>>>>     One of which is a more parabolic funnel type core with
>>>>     graduated sized disks and the variable nozzle  addition similar
>>>>     to the latest Porsche turbochargers that overcome turbo lag.
>>>>     Also variable disk spacing would be trick but more to go wrong.
>>>>     So in essence a bit of Schauberger thrown in with Tesla for
>>>>     good measure.  A tad bit more complex. Sounds as if you have
>>>>     had similar thoughts and already engineered something from
>>>>     both  camps of thought.
>>>>
>>>>
>>>>     On Dec 11, 2018 9:39 AM, "Norman Wootan [email protected]
>>>>     <mailto:[email protected]> [EVGRAY]" <[email protected]
>>>>     <mailto:[email protected]>> wrote:
>>>>
>>>>         When Looking back into the 20 plus years of files,
>>>>         documentation, e-mail and Keely Net BBS dialog files,it
>>>>         would be a crying shame for all of this valuable and
>>>>         informative data to be lost.  I have decided to post,
>>>>         incrementally a lot of information onto this group site for
>>>>         your research use if you choose.  In retrospect, I have
>>>>         realized that many folks out there have stolen ideas,
>>>>         Patents etc. from those of us that have given information
>>>>         freely as did Tesla and even Hector.  I have always tried
>>>>         to share knowledge for the benefit of all.
>>>>
>>>>
>>>>         Norman L. Wootan
>>>>
>>>>         13723 Lynndale Loop
>>>>
>>>>         Abbeville, LA 70510
>>>>
>>>>         [email protected] <mailto:[email protected]>
>>>>
>>>>         (214)907-0010
>>>>
>>>>         Time line development of Technologies related to “VES”
>>>>         Green Energy Systems
>>>>
>>>>         The “Implosion Vortex Reactor” (IVR) was the starting block
>>>>         of technology for the VES program.
>>>>
>>>>         Due to my visit with Jim, in his home in CA. in thesummer
>>>>         of 2001 searching for an “ultra high temp.” ceramic
>>>>         material, his intense interest was “tweaked” in this
>>>>         technology!
>>>>
>>>>         I digress here:In 1980, I was developing the methodology
>>>>         for making hydrogen gas from basic carbon and water in a
>>>>         unique type of reactor vessel. In 1994, I machined and
>>>>         assembled the first prototype 304 stainless “Implosion
>>>>         Vortex Reactor”.Was not able to arouse any interest in the
>>>>         technology here in the US.An Investor Group in Berlin GE
>>>>         invited Me in 2001 to fly to Berlin and do a formal
>>>>         presentation of the technology at which time the Patent
>>>>         process was begun and funding for the project was set up. I
>>>>         went to Carson City NV. And set up the necessary Wells
>>>>         Fargo account and Incorporation for the funding to
>>>>         proceed.A 5200 sq. ft. Research lab was constructed on my
>>>>         52 acre farm at Hubbard, TX for the purpose of prototype
>>>>         development.I was in weekly contact with Jim due to his
>>>>         interest in the Project.In 2005, the Project was funded
>>>>         ($1.5 million) by GAZPROM, Russia being represented by Her
>>>>         Deitsmar.My prototype development was funded at the
>>>>         $250,000 level. While I was machining out the two
>>>>         prototypes (one from 6061 aluminum to develop the CAD specs
>>>>         and drawings, and the second working, “proof of concept
>>>>         reactor” from 310 stainless steel) Jim asked me to assist
>>>>         him in the construction of a Vapor Infusion Furnace at
>>>>         Carbondale, IL so that he could produce a needed densified
>>>>         ceramic reactor unit!I have provided you in previous
>>>>         documentation the background info on this Program at SICU.
>>>>         In which we had a working agreement with the University. In
>>>>         the spring of 2006, at the “Proof of concept” test of
>>>>         stainless IVR attended by 6 Engineers and Investor
>>>>         representatives from Europe it was learned that John
>>>>         MacAllen Funding and Project coordinator has
>>>>         misappropriated $1.2 million of the Project funds. He had
>>>>         moved to the US from Berlin, GE and purchased a home and
>>>>         yacht in Florida of which we had a satellite photo of home
>>>>         and boat in the slip.GAZPROM, Russia took legal action
>>>>         against MacAllen and took possession of both prototypes and
>>>>         Patent Rights.See: both Euro and U.S. Patents.In the spring
>>>>         of 2006, Jim and I agreed to pursue the IVR technology
>>>>         using the JEP Patent Process to Patent around my basic
>>>>         patents. Jim had the technology to produce the required
>>>>         densified ceramics so as to operate the IVR at the optimum
>>>>         thermal environment. It was our intention to build out our
>>>>         version of the “Implosion Vortex Reactor” at the envisioned
>>>>         Victorville, CA Lab Complex when the project was adequately
>>>>         funded. To that end, Jim was working his heart out!Since I
>>>>         designed the IVR and wrote the Patents, I left a lot of the
>>>>         “technology” undisclosed so as to have the latitude for the
>>>>         JEP Patent Process which Jim wanted to do with our Patent
>>>>         Attorney.Jim gave me the big “atta boy” for having the
>>>>         forsight and thinking ahead!I have a complete historical
>>>>         book of the whole Project with all the Contact Letters with
>>>>         both US Government and Industrial Investors.I hand
>>>>         delivered a complete set of these documents to the George
>>>>         Bush Western Whitehouse at Crawford, TX for our President
>>>>         to review.The same docs were provided to DOE, Newt Gingrich
>>>>         and Senator Byrd of WVA.This will give you a great deal of
>>>>         insight into the IVR portion of our “VES” Program!
>>>>
>>>>         Next!The “Implosion Vortex Turbine” our “Prime Mover”(my
>>>>         vastly improved Tesla Turbine)
>>>>
>>>>         To be continued in next message:
>>>>
>>>>         Time line development of Technologies related to “VES”
>>>>         Green Energy Systems
>>>>
>>>>         This is the second Technology for the “VES” Project:The
>>>>         Implosion Vortex Turbine.
>>>>
>>>>         Since back in the early 70’s I have been an “avid”
>>>>         Researcher in the Technology of Nikola Tesla.I have
>>>>         everything that has ever been written by or about this
>>>>         “genius”.Of very special interest was his Boundary Layer
>>>>         Turbine which he patented in 1913.After doing extensive
>>>>         research into this very efficient turbine unit I quickly
>>>>         came to the conclusion that all that were writing about or
>>>>         researching this device did not fully understand just how
>>>>         it worked for Tesla was very “shrewd” in writing his
>>>>         patents and never divulged all of the technology!I went to
>>>>         the very “top” internet sites and publications regarding
>>>>         the subject turbine and found that no one had a “clue’ as
>>>>         to how it really was intended to work at the “super high
>>>>         thermal conversion” figures.Bendix Corp. tested a 500HP
>>>>         version of this turbine being operated on steam and was
>>>>         astounded with the results. This turbine was abandoned
>>>>         early due to the lack of the proper metallurgy needed in
>>>>         the runners (disk) which had the needed stress modulus.Due
>>>>         to my background and Degree in the Aeronautical Discipline
>>>>         I fully understood just how the Boundary Layer Effect was
>>>>         utilized by Tesla to achieve the phenomenal thermal
>>>>         efficiency. In 1994, same shop that I machined the IVR
>>>>         unit; I built a museum quality Tesla Turbine to demonstrate
>>>>         the technology.I filed with the US Patent office the Patent
>>>>         Disclosure of a new very unique new hub design that
>>>>         eliminated all the labyrinth seal design of Tesla and
>>>>         booster the operational efficiency and simplified the
>>>>         construction of said turbine.At the International Tesla
>>>>         Conference, Colorado Springs, 1995, I donated this Tesla
>>>>         Turbine along with the Patent Disclosure to the museum and
>>>>         it went on display and was demonstrated to all museum visitors.
>>>>
>>>>         After Jim and I addressed the IVR under “VES” his next
>>>>         question was “Norm, how are we going to utilize the thermal
>>>>         output of the IVR for power generation”?My answer, Tesla
>>>>         Boundary Layer Turbine, to which Jim said, “Please educate
>>>>         me for I have not heard of this before”.I sent to Jim all
>>>>         the documentation and drawings along with stress analytical
>>>>         formulas for the high speed disk utilized in the
>>>>         turbine.Since this turbine operates at such high speeds,
>>>>         Jim quickly showed me the stress calculations for runners
>>>>         (disk) that he would produce in carbon/carbon composite
>>>>         that would successfully operate in the required environment
>>>>         and would be impervious to erosion and could be surface
>>>>         finished at the micron level.I laid out in “Flow block”
>>>>         diagrams, the operation of the Boundary layer Turbine
>>>>         utilizing a high density refrigerant that had the
>>>>         operational characteristics we needed for a low pressure,
>>>>         low temperature very efficient turbine.To achieve the “off
>>>>         the charts” thermal efficiency, advanced Mechanical Vapor
>>>>         Recompression (MVR) Industrial Heat pumping technology will
>>>>         be incorporated into the System. We are able to achieve a
>>>>         very conservative COP of 20:1 Energy in vs. thermal
>>>>         output.This is totally achievable in the modern Heat pump
>>>>         Technology!(MVR) Heat Pump technology will be address in
>>>>         next segment. Our system is a huge shift from the current
>>>>         steam turbines which all operate at very high pressures and
>>>>         very high temperatures so as to maximize the extraction or
>>>>         conversion of thermal energy into mechanical energy to
>>>>         drive the generators (really alternators).“Carnot’ cycle”
>>>>         or method of calculating system thermal efficiency. Our
>>>>         System operates at relatively low pressures and
>>>>         temperatures vastly simplifying design, fabrication and
>>>>         operation and practically eliminates most maintenance
>>>>         requirements. Both Jim and I have all the documentation of
>>>>         this System in our files!This is a unique System approach
>>>>         to be prototyped and Patent Apply for at the Victorville
>>>>         Facility.
>>>>
>>>>         No one has put together the “blocks” for such a System that
>>>>         has such very high performance and efficiency.
>>>>
>>>>         Next segment: MVR
>>>>
>>>>         ...
>>>>
>

Norm,

Do you have pictures of the mini tornadoes from your diffuser?    Were
they point to point - high pressure to high pressure or low to low like
the wing below?
I'm beginning to grock what is happening, thanks Norm, and thank
goodness for internet again!

On 12/13/2018 7:20 AM, Norman Wootan [email protected] [EVGRAY] wrote:
>  
>
> Since I am a graduate of Embry Riddle Aeronautical University and
> spent practically a life-time in Aeronautics, I tend to understand the
> operation of this turbine as Nikola Tesla designed it and not like the
> shade tree builders envision it.   The Schifrin Photography of
> super-sonic air flow over airfoils back in the day of NACA before
> NASA. opened the door of understanding just how Tesla's Turbine really
> worked.
>
> https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla_turbine
>
> Quote, A Tesla turbine consists of a set of smooth disks, with nozzles
> <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nozzle> applying a moving fluid to the
> edge of the disk.
>
> DeLeval nozzle designed to achieve sonic velocities and energy
> conversion in throat choking. see diagram
>
> Red line is Temperature and Green line is pressure both are called
> Potential Energy.  The Blue line is Kinetic Energy and with proper
> throat design for a given condition you can achieve a near complete
> conversion of Energy from Potential to Kinetic.   The Tesla nozzle was
> tune-able to achieve these conditions.
>
> In Fig 4 Tesla depicted the tune-able DeLeval throat to achieve the
> sonic velocities needed to drive the disk with shock wave adhesion.
>
> For super high efficiencies, the Tesla Turbine must be operated with a
> condense-able fluid, water to steam back to water.  My condenser
> operated at around 40 degrees F.  (partial vacuum).  My operating
> fluid was Refrigerant R-113 which gave me a vapor density greater than
> air and was condense-able below the boiling point of 117 degree F.
>
> This turbine can also be applied to condensing plants operating with
> high vacuum. In such a case, owing to the very great expansion ratio,
> the exhaust mixture will be at a relatively low temperature and
> suitable for admission to the condenser.
>
> On 12/12/2018 2:54 PM, Norman Wootan wrote:
>>
>> Mick, Tesla knew DeLeval and since Allis Chalmers, Millwakee,WI was
>> already employing the nozzles in their commercial turbines, he went
>> to them to build his Turbines and test them.  
>>
>> https://www.autoevolution.com/news/nikola-tesla-s-revolutionary-engine-still-lies-untouched-here-s-how-it-works-112254.html
>>
>> The Turbine tested by Con Edison, NY  200 HP
>>
>> The Allis-Chalmers version, 1 0f 3 built. 500 HP
>>
>> On 12/12/2018 9:12 AM, Norman Wootan wrote:
>>>
>>> Mick, WRONG on your ideas regarding the Tesla Turbine operating
>>> principles.  In my presentation at the Steven Elswick, Tesla Tech
>>> Conference, 2016, I went into great detail as to the operating
>>> principles of Teslas' Turbine which is nothing like you see, so
>>> called experts claiming.  (Reason why I wanted Doug to Post the DVD
>>> on YouTube).  First of all, to achieve the fantastic efficiencies
>>> that Tesla got was to understand super sonic shock waves that adhere
>>> to the smooth disk boundary layer.  DeLeval developed the nozzle for
>>> rockets to achieve the thrust needed for flight which was quickly
>>> picked up on by Robert Goddard.  A properly designed Tesla Turbine
>>> has DeLeval nozzles which operate at about 1400 ft./sec. velocities
>>> which is just above super sonic velocity. A short distance from the
>>> nozzle the driving gases transition to sub-sonic velocity forming a
>>> transition shock wave which imparts the full kinetic energy of the
>>> gases to the moving disk.  Remember that you are converting
>>> POTENTIAL ENERGY (high pressure gas in steam chest) into KINETIC
>>> ENERGY super sonic gas flow.  NO ONE understands this basic
>>> principle.  Steven Elswick, Tesla Tech has my DVD for sale.
>>>
>>>
>>>
>>>
>>> enter image description here
>>>
>>> https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rocket_engine_nozzle
>>> https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/De_Laval_nozzle
>>>
>>> Do some reading and understand the terminology such as CHOKED FLOW
>>> to achieve super-sonic velocities.
>>> Mick, It is all in your basic research and understanding.
>>>
>>> On 12/11/2018 5:05 PM, Mick Jekyll [email protected] [EVGRAY] wrote:
>>>>  
>>>>
>>>> Norman,
>>>> Fantastic projects you have been involved with. Have had many
>>>> mental exercises in advances to the boundary layer turbine.  One of
>>>> which is a   more parabolic funnel type core with graduated sized
>>>> disks and the variable nozzle  addition similar to the latest
>>>> Porsche turbochargers that overcome turbo lag. Also variable disk
>>>> spacing would be trick but more to go wrong. So in essence a bit of
>>>> Schauberger thrown in with Tesla for good measure.  A tad bit more
>>>> complex. Sounds as if you have had similar thoughts and already
>>>> engineered something from both  camps of thought.
>>>>
>>>>
>>>> On Dec 11, 2018 9:39 AM, "Norman Wootan [email protected]
>>>> <mailto:[email protected]> [EVGRAY]" <[email protected]
>>>> <mailto:[email protected]>> wrote:
>>>>
>>>>      
>>>>
>>>>     When Looking back into the 20 plus years of files,
>>>>     documentation, e-mail and Keely Net BBS dialog files,it would
>>>>     be a crying shame for all of this valuable and informative data
>>>>     to be lost.  I have decided to post, incrementally a lot of
>>>>     information onto this group site for your research use if you
>>>>     choose.  In retrospect, I have realized that many folks out
>>>>     there have stolen ideas, Patents etc. from those of us that
>>>>     have given information freely as did Tesla and even Hector.  I
>>>>     have always tried to share knowledge for the benefit of all.
>>>>
>>>>
>>>>     Norman L. Wootan
>>>>
>>>>     13723 Lynndale Loop
>>>>
>>>>     Abbeville, LA 70510
>>>>
>>>>     [email protected] <mailto:[email protected]>
>>>>
>>>>     (214)907-0010
>>>>
>>>>      
>>>>
>>>>     Time line development of Technologies related to “VES” Green
>>>>     Energy Systems
>>>>
>>>>     The “Implosion Vortex Reactor” (IVR) was the starting block of
>>>>     technology for the VES program.
>>>>
>>>>     Due to my visit with Jim, in his home in CA. in the  summer of
>>>>     2001 searching for an “ultra high temp.” ceramic material, his
>>>>     intense interest was “tweaked” in this technology!
>>>>
>>>>     I digress here:  In 1980, I was developing the methodology for
>>>>     making hydrogen gas from basic carbon and water in a unique
>>>>     type of reactor vessel. In 1994, I machined and assembled the
>>>>     first prototype 304 stainless “Implosion Vortex Reactor”.  Was
>>>>     not able to arouse any interest in the technology here in the
>>>>     US.   An Investor Group in Berlin GE invited Me in 2001 to fly
>>>>     to Berlin and do a formal presentation of the technology at
>>>>     which time the Patent process was begun and funding for the
>>>>     project was set up. I went to Carson City NV. And set up the
>>>>     necessary Wells Fargo account and Incorporation for the funding
>>>>     to proceed.  A 5200 sq. ft. Research lab was constructed on my
>>>>     52 acre farm at Hubbard, TX for the purpose of prototype
>>>>     development.  I was in weekly contact with Jim due to his
>>>>     interest in the Project.  In 2005, the Project was funded ($1.5
>>>>     million) by GAZPROM, Russia being represented by Her Deitsmar. 
>>>>     My prototype development was funded at the $250,000 level.
>>>>     While I was machining out the two prototypes (one from 6061
>>>>     aluminum to develop the CAD specs and drawings, and the second
>>>>     working, “proof of concept reactor” from 310 stainless steel)
>>>>     Jim asked me to assist him in the construction of a Vapor
>>>>     Infusion Furnace at Carbondale, IL so that he could produce a
>>>>     needed densified ceramic reactor unit!  I have provided you in
>>>>     previous documentation the background info on this Program at
>>>>     SICU. In which we had a working agreement with the University.
>>>>     In the spring of 2006, at the “Proof of concept” test of
>>>>     stainless IVR attended by 6 Engineers and Investor
>>>>     representatives from Europe it was learned that John MacAllen
>>>>     Funding and Project coordinator has misappropriated $1.2
>>>>     million of the Project funds. He had moved to the US from
>>>>     Berlin, GE and purchased a home and yacht in Florida of which
>>>>     we had a satellite photo of home and boat in the slip. 
>>>>     GAZPROM, Russia took legal action against MacAllen and took
>>>>     possession of both prototypes and Patent Rights.  See: both
>>>>     Euro and U.S. Patents.  In the spring of 2006, Jim and I agreed
>>>>     to pursue the IVR technology using the JEP Patent Process to
>>>>     Patent around my basic patents. Jim had the technology to
>>>>     produce the required densified ceramics so as to operate the
>>>>     IVR at the optimum thermal environment. It was our intention to
>>>>     build out our version of the “Implosion Vortex Reactor” at the
>>>>     envisioned Victorville, CA Lab Complex when the project was
>>>>     adequately funded. To that end, Jim was working his heart out! 
>>>>     Since I designed the IVR and wrote the Patents, I left a lot of
>>>>     the “technology” undisclosed so as to have the latitude for the
>>>>     JEP Patent Process which Jim wanted to do with our Patent
>>>>     Attorney.  Jim gave me the big “atta boy” for having the
>>>>     forsight and thinking ahead!  I have a complete historical book
>>>>     of the whole Project with all the Contact Letters with both US
>>>>     Government and Industrial Investors.  I hand delivered a
>>>>     complete set of these documents to the George Bush Western
>>>>     Whitehouse at Crawford, TX for our President to review.  The
>>>>     same docs were provided to DOE, Newt Gingrich and Senator Byrd
>>>>     of WVA.  This will give you a great deal of insight into the
>>>>     IVR portion of our “VES” Program!
>>>>
>>>>      
>>>>
>>>>     Next!  The “Implosion Vortex Turbine” our “Prime Mover”(my
>>>>     vastly improved Tesla Turbine)
>>>>
>>>>     To be continued in next message:
>>>>
>>>>     Time line development of Technologies related to “VES” Green
>>>>     Energy Systems
>>>>
>>>>     This is the second Technology for the “VES” Project:  The
>>>>     Implosion Vortex Turbine.
>>>>
>>>>     Since back in the early 70’s I have been an “avid” Researcher
>>>>     in the Technology of Nikola Tesla.  I have everything that has
>>>>     ever been written by or about this “genius”.  Of very special
>>>>     interest was his Boundary Layer Turbine which he patented in
>>>>     1913.   After doing extensive research into this very efficient
>>>>     turbine unit I quickly came to the conclusion that all that
>>>>     were writing about or researching this device did not fully
>>>>     understand just how it worked for Tesla was very “shrewd” in
>>>>     writing his patents and never divulged all of the technology! 
>>>>     I went to the very “top” internet sites and publications
>>>>     regarding the subject turbine and found that no one had a
>>>>     “clue’ as to how it really was intended to work at the “super
>>>>     high thermal conversion” figures.  Bendix Corp. tested a 500HP
>>>>     version of this turbine being operated on steam and was
>>>>     astounded with the results. This turbine was abandoned early
>>>>     due to the lack of the proper metallurgy needed in the runners
>>>>     (disk) which had the needed stress modulus.  Due to my
>>>>     background and Degree in the Aeronautical Discipline I fully
>>>>     understood just how the Boundary Layer Effect was utilized by
>>>>     Tesla to achieve the phenomenal thermal efficiency. In 1994,
>>>>     same shop that I machined the IVR unit; I built a museum
>>>>     quality Tesla Turbine to demonstrate the technology.  I filed
>>>>     with the US Patent office the Patent Disclosure of a new very
>>>>     unique new hub design that eliminated all the labyrinth seal
>>>>     design of Tesla and booster the operational efficiency and
>>>>     simplified the construction of said turbine.  At the
>>>>     International Tesla Conference, Colorado Springs, 1995, I
>>>>     donated this Tesla Turbine along with the Patent Disclosure to
>>>>     the museum and it went on display and was demonstrated to all
>>>>     museum visitors.
>>>>
>>>>     After Jim and I addressed the IVR under “VES” his next question
>>>>     was “Norm, how are we going to utilize the thermal output of
>>>>     the IVR for power generation”?  My answer, Tesla Boundary Layer
>>>>     Turbine, to which Jim said, “Please educate me for I have not
>>>>     heard of this before”.  I sent to Jim all the documentation and
>>>>     drawings along with stress analytical formulas for the high
>>>>     speed disk utilized in the turbine.  Since this turbine
>>>>     operates at such high speeds, Jim quickly showed me the stress
>>>>     calculations for runners (disk) that he would produce in
>>>>     carbon/carbon composite that would successfully operate in the
>>>>     required environment and would be impervious to erosion and
>>>>     could be surface finished at the micron level.  I laid out in
>>>>     “Flow block” diagrams, the operation of the Boundary layer
>>>>     Turbine utilizing a high density refrigerant that had the
>>>>     operational characteristics we needed for a low pressure, low
>>>>     temperature very efficient turbine.  To achieve the “off the
>>>>     charts” thermal efficiency, advanced Mechanical Vapor
>>>>     Recompression (MVR) Industrial Heat pumping technology will be
>>>>     incorporated into the System. We are able to achieve a very
>>>>     conservative COP of 20:1 Energy in vs. thermal output.  This is
>>>>     totally achievable in the modern Heat pump Technology!  (MVR)
>>>>     Heat Pump technology will be address in next segment. Our
>>>>     system is a huge shift from the current steam turbines which
>>>>     all operate at very high pressures and very high temperatures
>>>>     so as to maximize the extraction or conversion of thermal
>>>>     energy into mechanical energy to drive the generators (really
>>>>     alternators).  “Carnot’ cycle” or method of calculating system
>>>>     thermal efficiency. Our System operates at relatively low
>>>>     pressures and temperatures vastly simplifying design,
>>>>     fabrication and operation and practically eliminates most
>>>>     maintenance requirements. Both Jim and I have all the
>>>>     documentation of this System in our files!   This is a unique
>>>>     System approach to be prototyped and Patent Apply for at the
>>>>     Victorville Facility.
>>>>
>>>>     No one has put together the “blocks” for such a System that has
>>>>     such very high performance and efficiency.
>>>>
>>>>      
>>>>
>>>>     Next segment: MVR
>>>>
>>>>     ...
>>>>
>

Norm,

Super cool stuff in the works in that pic.  OK maintaining the laminar
airflow then is paramount so positioning the shockwave as such or
maintaining the low pressure side of the funnels when coming close to
contact.  Assuming the high pressure points are where the excess energy
is when cavitation occurs. 

Now I am getting the gist it would seem Tesla may have been planning
planning to run his Boundary Layer turbine from Linde's liquid air! 

Can the TT design be run properly from a vacuum source or only from a
pressure source?  If not a vacuum source there could be a push pull
system with some other design studies...

I would love to find out how you overcame the inherent seal design and
all of your info on the TT.  You mentioned a package you made was for
sale somewhere, where is this available again?

It's a blessing to have money at the proper time and place, sadly
nothing much likely came of all of the interesting things Lee purchased
other than more variables for his money raising ventures.


On 12/13/2018 9:25 AM, Norman Wootan [email protected] [EVGRAY] wrote:
>  
>
> The gas flow is highly laminar.  Have you ever seen a Lockheed 104,
> Star fighter loose a wing due to cavitation erosion!  NaDa!  Speaking
> of cavitation, back in 1956 through 1963, I ran the repair department
> for a large Marina. My into to cavitation was with boat propellers
> where I often saw lots of erosion. You have to understand your above
> question as to when and how micro vortex cavitation occurs. When a
> boat is operating at high speeds, the water flow is highly laminar.
> When in stall, high torque operation, there is huge cavitation. 
> Example was shown to me by a large Contractor operating a big sand
> dredge in the Red River producing sand for the concrete and road
> construction folks.  They had a 50 ton dredge barge in the river being
> moved around with a 25 HP Johnson outboard.  The outboard was operated
> at about 3/4 throttle (4500 RPM, gear ratio of 12/21 = 1.75:1 = prop
> RPM of 2570 in a near stall configuration created a huge cavitation
> situation. 6 months of operating the aluminum props would eat away all
> the metal at the blade root near the hub.  When the 4 bladed hard
> bronze work props came out, a lot of these problem went away for the 4
> blade design was more suited to this stall type of thrust.  Observe
> and you will learn.  Oh!  Jim, mt business partner was into the
> carbon/carbon composite business so we designed our turbine disk out
> of glass smooth carbon composite which is 10X stronger than steel.
>
> I built several of the turbines, one of which I donated to the Tesla
> Museum at Colorado Springs back in 1995. It operated on liquid
> CO2,with heat ex changer to make regulated 120PSI gas driving the
> nozzles at the disk. It had a built in alternator to show the
> generation of electricity from gas flow.  Was neat.  Dennis Lee bought
> all of the Museum property at Bankruptcy Sale. $5,000 cash!
>
> My Tesla Turbine construction bench in my 5200 sq. ft. lab.
>
> On 12/13/2018 7:15 AM, Mick Jekyll [email protected] [EVGRAY] wrote:
>>  
>> Norm, How is cavitation damage to the disks prevented?
>>
>> This shock wave action answers all the issues with the low torque of
>> all the non shockwave designs, very eye opening.
>>
>> Oh and I was half right, he already was  specifying a variable nozzle
>> like the latest Porsche turbochargers.  Interesting how their
>> turbolag is just about non existant now.
>>
>> On Thu, Dec 13, 2018, 7:22 AM Norman Wootan [email protected]
>> <mailto:[email protected]> [EVGRAY] <[email protected]
>> <mailto:[email protected]>> wrote:
>>
>>      
>>
>>     Since I am a graduate of Embry Riddle Aeronautical University and
>>     spent practically a life-time in Aeronautics, I tend to
>>     understand the operation of this turbine as Nikola Tesla designed
>>     it and not like the shade tree builders envision it.   The
>>     Schifrin Photography of super-sonic air flow over airfoils back
>>     in the day of NACA before NASA. opened the door of understanding
>>     just how Tesla's Turbine really worked.
>>
>>     https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla_turbine
>>
>>     Quote, A Tesla turbine consists of a set of smooth disks, with
>>     nozzles <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nozzle> applying a moving
>>     fluid to the edge of the disk.
>>
>>     DeLeval nozzle designed to achieve sonic velocities and energy
>>     conversion in throat choking. see diagram
>>
>>     https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Nozzle_de_Laval_diagram.svg/250px-Nozzle_de_Laval_diagram.svg.png
>>
>>     Red line is Temperature and Green line is pressure both are
>>     called Potential Energy.  The Blue line is Kinetic Energy and
>>     with proper throat design for a given condition you can achieve a
>>     near complete conversion of Energy from Potential to Kinetic.  
>>     The Tesla nozzle was tune-able to achieve these conditions.
>>
>>     In Fig 4 Tesla depicted the tune-able DeLeval throat to achieve
>>     the sonic velocities needed to drive the disk with shock wave
>>     adhesion.
>>
>>     For super high efficiencies, the Tesla Turbine must be operated
>>     with a condense-able fluid, water to steam back to water.  My
>>     condenser operated at around 40 degrees F.  (partial vacuum).  My
>>     operating fluid was Refrigerant R-113 which gave me a vapor
>>     density greater than air and was condense-able below the boiling
>>     point of 117 degree F.
>>
>>     This turbine can also be applied to condensing plants operating
>>     with high vacuum. In such a case, owing to the very great
>>     expansion ratio, the exhaust mixture will be at a relatively low
>>     temperature and suitable for admission to the condenser.
>>
>>     On 12/12/2018 2:54 PM, Norman Wootan wrote:
>>>
>>>     Mick, Tesla knew DeLeval and since Allis Chalmers, Millwakee,WI
>>>     was already employing the nozzles in their commercial turbines,
>>>     he went to them to build his Turbines and test them.  
>>>
>>>     https://www.autoevolution.com/news/nikola-tesla-s-revolutionary-engine-still-lies-untouched-here-s-how-it-works-112254.html
>>>
>>>     The Turbine tested by Con Edison, NY  200 HP
>>>
>>>     The Allis-Chalmers version, 1 0f 3 built. 500 HP
>>>
>>>     On 12/12/2018 9:12 AM, Norman Wootan wrote:
>>>>
>>>>     Mick, WRONG on your ideas regarding the Tesla Turbine operating
>>>>     principles.  In my presentation at the Steven Elswick, Tesla
>>>>     Tech Conference, 2016, I went into great detail as to the
>>>>     operating principles of Teslas' Turbine which is nothing like
>>>>     you see, so called experts claiming.  (Reason why I wanted Doug
>>>>     to Post the DVD on YouTube).  First of all, to achieve the
>>>>     fantastic efficiencies that Tesla got was to understand super
>>>>     sonic shock waves that adhere to the smooth disk boundary
>>>>     layer.  DeLeval developed the nozzle for rockets to achieve the
>>>>     thrust needed for flight which was quickly picked up on by
>>>>     Robert Goddard.  A properly designed Tesla Turbine has DeLeval
>>>>     nozzles which operate at about 1400 ft./sec. velocities which
>>>>     is just above super sonic velocity. A short distance from the
>>>>     nozzle the driving gases transition to sub-sonic velocity
>>>>     forming a transition shock wave which imparts the full kinetic
>>>>     energy of the gases to the moving disk.  Remember that you are
>>>>     converting POTENTIAL ENERGY (high pressure gas in steam chest)
>>>>     into KINETIC ENERGY super sonic gas flow.  NO ONE understands
>>>>     this basic principle.  Steven Elswick, Tesla Tech has my DVD
>>>>     for sale.
>>>>
>>>>
>>>>
>>>>
>>>>     enter image description here
>>>>
>>>>     https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rocket_engine_nozzle
>>>>     https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/De_Laval_nozzle
>>>>
>>>>     Do some reading and understand the terminology such as CHOKED

>>>>     FLOW to achieve super-sonic velocities.
>>>>     Mick, It is all in your basic research and understanding.
>>>>
>>>>     On 12/11/2018 5:05 PM, Mick Jekyll [email protected]
>>>>     <mailto:[email protected]> [EVGRAY] wrote:
>>>>>      
>>>>>
>>>>>     Norman,
>>>>>     Fantastic projects you have been involved with. Have had many
>>>>>     mental exercises in advances to the boundary layer turbine. 
>>>>>     One of which is a   more parabolic funnel type core with
>>>>>     graduated sized disks and the variable nozzle  addition
>>>>>     similar to the latest Porsche turbochargers that overcome
>>>>>     turbo lag. Also variable disk spacing would be trick but more
>>>>>     to go wrong. So in essence a bit of Schauberger thrown in with
>>>>>     Tesla for good measure.  A tad bit more complex. Sounds as if
>>>>>     you have had similar thoughts and already engineered something
>>>>>     from both  camps of thought.
>>>>>
>>>>>
>>>>>     On Dec 11, 2018 9:39 AM, "Norman Wootan [email protected]
>>>>>     <mailto:[email protected]> [EVGRAY]" <[email protected]
>>>>>     <mailto:[email protected]>> wrote:
>>>>>
>>>>>          
>>>>>
>>>>>         When Looking back into the 20 plus years of files,
>>>>>         documentation, e-mail and Keely Net BBS dialog files,it
>>>>>         would be a crying shame for all of this valuable and
>>>>>         informative data to be lost.  I have decided to post,
>>>>>         incrementally a lot of information onto this group site
>>>>>         for your research use if you choose.  In retrospect, I
>>>>>         have realized that many folks out there have stolen ideas,
>>>>>         Patents etc. from those of us that have given information
>>>>>         freely as did Tesla and even Hector.  I have always tried
>>>>>         to share knowledge for the benefit of all.
>>>>>
>>>>>
>>>>>         Norman L. Wootan
>>>>>
>>>>>         13723 Lynndale Loop
>>>>>
>>>>>         Abbeville, LA 70510
>>>>>
>>>>>         [email protected] <mailto:[email protected]>
>>>>>
>>>>>         (214)907-0010
>>>>>
>>>>>          
>>>>>
>>>>>         Time line development of Technologies related to “VES”
>>>>>         Green Energy Systems
>>>>>
>>>>>         The “Implosion Vortex Reactor” (IVR) was the starting
>>>>>         block of technology for the VES program.
>>>>>
>>>>>         Due to my visit with Jim, in his home in CA. in the 
>>>>>         summer of 2001 searching for an “ultra high temp.” ceramic
>>>>>         material, his intense interest was “tweaked” in this
>>>>>         technology!
>>>>>
>>>>>         I digress here:  In 1980, I was developing the methodology
>>>>>         for making hydrogen gas from basic carbon and water in a
>>>>>         unique type of reactor vessel. In 1994, I machined and
>>>>>         assembled the first prototype 304 stainless “Implosion
>>>>>         Vortex Reactor”.  Was not able to arouse any interest in
>>>>>         the technology here in the US.   An Investor Group in
>>>>>         Berlin GE invited Me in 2001 to fly to Berlin and do a
>>>>>         formal presentation of the technology at which time the
>>>>>         Patent process was begun and funding for the project was
>>>>>         set up. I went to Carson City NV. And set up the necessary
>>>>>         Wells Fargo account and Incorporation for the funding to
>>>>>         proceed.  A 5200 sq. ft. Research lab was constructed on
>>>>>         my 52 acre farm at Hubbard, TX for the purpose of
>>>>>         prototype development.  I was in weekly contact with Jim
>>>>>         due to his interest in the Project.  In 2005, the Project
>>>>>         was funded ($1.5 million) by GAZPROM, Russia being
>>>>>         represented by Her Deitsmar.  My prototype development was
>>>>>         funded at the $250,000 level. While I was machining out
>>>>>         the two prototypes (one from 6061 aluminum to develop the
>>>>>         CAD specs and drawings, and the second working, “proof of
>>>>>         concept reactor” from 310 stainless steel) Jim asked me to
>>>>>         assist him in the construction of a Vapor Infusion Furnace
>>>>>         at Carbondale, IL so that he could produce a needed
>>>>>         densified ceramic reactor unit!  I have provided you in
>>>>>         previous documentation the background info on this Program
>>>>>         at SICU. In which we had a working agreement with the
>>>>>         University. In the spring of 2006, at the “Proof of
>>>>>         concept” test of stainless IVR attended by 6 Engineers and
>>>>>         Investor representatives from Europe it was learned that
>>>>>         John MacAllen Funding and Project coordinator has
>>>>>         misappropriated $1.2 million of the Project funds. He had
>>>>>         moved to the US from Berlin, GE and purchased a home and
>>>>>         yacht in Florida of which we had a satellite photo of home
>>>>>         and boat in the slip.  GAZPROM, Russia took legal action
>>>>>         against MacAllen and took possession of both prototypes
>>>>>         and Patent Rights.  See: both Euro and U.S. Patents.  In
>>>>>         the spring of 2006, Jim and I agreed to pursue the IVR
>>>>>         technology using the JEP Patent Process to Patent around
>>>>>         my basic patents. Jim had the technology to produce the
>>>>>         required densified ceramics so as to operate the IVR at
>>>>>         the optimum thermal environment. It was our intention to
>>>>>         build out our version of the “Implosion Vortex Reactor” at
>>>>>         the envisioned Victorville, CA Lab Complex when the
>>>>>         project was adequately funded. To that end, Jim was
>>>>>         working his heart out!  Since I designed the IVR and wrote
>>>>>         the Patents, I left a lot of the “technology” undisclosed
>>>>>         so as to have the latitude for the JEP Patent Process
>>>>>         which Jim wanted to do with our Patent Attorney.  Jim gave
>>>>>         me the big “atta boy” for having the forsight and thinking
>>>>>         ahead!  I have a complete historical book of the whole
>>>>>         Project with all the Contact Letters with both US
>>>>>         Government and Industrial Investors.  I hand delivered a
>>>>>         complete set of these documents to the George Bush Western
>>>>>         Whitehouse at Crawford, TX for our President to review. 
>>>>>         The same docs were provided to DOE, Newt Gingrich and
>>>>>         Senator Byrd of WVA.  This will give you a great deal of
>>>>>         insight into the IVR portion of our “VES” Program!
>>>>>
>>>>>          
>>>>>
>>>>>         Next!  The “Implosion Vortex Turbine” our “Prime Mover”(my
>>>>>         vastly improved Tesla Turbine)
>>>>>
>>>>>         To be continued in next message:
>>>>>
>>>>>         Time line development of Technologies related to “VES”
>>>>>         Green Energy Systems
>>>>>
>>>>>         This is the second Technology for the “VES” Project:  The
>>>>>         Implosion Vortex Turbine.
>>>>>
>>>>>         Since back in the early 70’s I have been an “avid”
>>>>>         Researcher in the Technology of Nikola Tesla.  I have
>>>>>         everything that has ever been written by or about this
>>>>>         “genius”.  Of very special interest was his Boundary Layer
>>>>>         Turbine which he patented in 1913.   After doing extensive
>>>>>         research into this very efficient turbine unit I quickly
>>>>>         came to the conclusion that all that were writing about or
>>>>>         researching this device did not fully understand just how
>>>>>         it worked for Tesla was very “shrewd” in writing his
>>>>>         patents and never divulged all of the technology!  I went
>>>>>         to the very “top” internet sites and publications
>>>>>         regarding the subject turbine and found that no one had a
>>>>>         “clue’ as to how it really was intended to work at the
>>>>>         “super high thermal conversion” figures.  Bendix Corp.
>>>>>         tested a 500HP version of this turbine being operated on
>>>>>         steam and was astounded with the results. This turbine was
>>>>>         abandoned early due to the lack of the proper metallurgy
>>>>>         needed in the runners (disk) which had the needed stress
>>>>>         modulus.  Due to my background and Degree in the
>>>>>         Aeronautical Discipline I fully understood just how the
>>>>>         Boundary Layer Effect was utilized by Tesla to achieve the
>>>>>         phenomenal thermal efficiency. In 1994, same shop that I
>>>>>         machined the IVR unit; I built a museum quality Tesla
>>>>>         Turbine to demonstrate the technology.  I filed with the
>>>>>         US Patent office the Patent Disclosure of a new very
>>>>>         unique new hub design that eliminated all the labyrinth
>>>>>         seal design of Tesla and booster the operational
>>>>>         efficiency and simplified the construction of said
>>>>>         turbine.  At the International Tesla Conference, Colorado
>>>>>         Springs, 1995, I donated this Tesla Turbine along with the
>>>>>         Patent Disclosure to the museum and it went on display and
>>>>>         was demonstrated to all museum visitors.
>>>>>
>>>>>         After Jim and I addressed the IVR under “VES” his next
>>>>>         question was “Norm, how are we going to utilize the
>>>>>         thermal output of the IVR for power generation”?  My
>>>>>         answer, Tesla Boundary Layer Turbine, to which Jim said,
>>>>>         “Please educate me for I have not heard of this before”. 
>>>>>         I sent to Jim all the documentation and drawings along
>>>>>         with stress analytical formulas for the high speed disk
>>>>>         utilized in the turbine.  Since this turbine operates at
>>>>>         such high speeds, Jim quickly showed me the stress
>>>>>         calculations for runners (disk) that he would produce in
>>>>>         carbon/carbon composite that would successfully operate in
>>>>>         the required environment and would be impervious to
>>>>>         erosion and could be surface finished at the micron
>>>>>         level.  I laid out in “Flow block” diagrams, the operation
>>>>>         of the Boundary layer Turbine utilizing a high density
>>>>>         refrigerant that had the operational characteristics we
>>>>>         needed for a low pressure, low temperature very efficient
>>>>>         turbine.  To achieve the “off the charts” thermal
>>>>>         efficiency, advanced Mechanical Vapor Recompression (MVR)
>>>>>         Industrial Heat pumping technology will be incorporated
>>>>>         into the System. We are able to achieve a very
>>>>>         conservative COP of 20:1 Energy in vs. thermal output. 
>>>>>         This is totally achievable in the modern Heat pump
>>>>>         Technology!  (MVR) Heat Pump technology will be address in
>>>>>         next segment. Our system is a huge shift from the current
>>>>>         steam turbines which all operate at very high pressures
>>>>>         and very high temperatures so as to maximize the
>>>>>         extraction or conversion of thermal energy into mechanical
>>>>>         energy to drive the generators (really alternators). 
>>>>>         “Carnot’ cycle” or method of calculating system thermal
>>>>>         efficiency. Our System operates at relatively low
>>>>>         pressures and temperatures vastly simplifying design,
>>>>>         fabrication and operation and practically eliminates most
>>>>>         maintenance requirements. Both Jim and I have all the
>>>>>         documentation of this System in our files!   This is a
>>>>>         unique System approach to be prototyped and Patent Apply
>>>>>         for at the Victorville Facility.
>>>>>
>>>>>         No one has put together the “blocks” for such a System
>>>>>         that has such very high performance and efficiency.
>>>>>
>>>>>          
>>>>>
>>>>>         Next segment: MVR
>>>>>
>>>>>         ...
>>>>>
>

Norm,

The Tesla Tech DVD from Steven is what you were referring to, disregard
last question.


On 12/13/2018 9:25 AM, Norman Wootan [email protected] [EVGRAY] wrote:
> Steven Elswick, Tesla Tech has my DVD for sale

Two types of micro tornadoes in the Sono-diffuser that I built with 
glass outer cylinder.  I drew a depiction of what we saw under HeNe 
laser and high speed strobe effects to stop action the events. see

After about an hour running time on the Diffuser, the 6061 aluminum 
rotor would turn totally black due to the erosion caused by the micro 
tornadoes that were attached to the rotor vs the ones that were point to 
point attached to one another.  Rotor was etched to flat black 
condition. In the closed loop water tygon clear tubing circulating line 
we found that the water was carrying a charge for it created a powerful 
magnetic field around the water line.
See



On 12/16/2018 8:40 AM, Mick [email protected] [EVGRAY] wrote:
>
> Norm,
>
> Do you have pictures of the mini tornadoes from your diffuser?    Were 
> they point to point - high pressure to high pressure or low to low 
> like the wing below?
> I'm beginning to grock what is happening, thanks Norm, and thank 
> goodness for internet again!
>
> On 12/13/2018 7:20 AM, Norman Wootan [email protected] [EVGRAY] wrote:
>>
>> Since I am a graduate of Embry Riddle Aeronautical University and 
>> spent practically a life-time in Aeronautics, I tend to understand 
>> the operation of this turbine as Nikola Tesla designed it and not 
>> like the shade tree builders envision it.   The Schifrin Photography 
>> of super-sonic air flow over airfoils back in the day of NACA before 
>> NASA. opened the door of understanding just how Tesla's Turbine 
>> really worked.
>>
>> https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla_turbine
>>
>> Quote, A Tesla turbine consists of a set of smooth disks, with 
>> nozzles <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nozzle> applying a moving 
>> fluid to the edge of the disk.
>>
>> DeLeval nozzle designed to achieve sonic velocities and energy 
>> conversion in throat choking. see diagram
>>
>> Red line is Temperature and Green line is pressure both are called 
>> Potential Energy.  The Blue line is Kinetic Energy and with proper 
>> throat design for a given condition you can achieve a near complete 
>> conversion of Energy from Potential to Kinetic.   The Tesla nozzle 
>> was tune-able to achieve these conditions.
>>
>> In Fig 4 Tesla depicted the tune-able DeLeval throat to achieve the 
>> sonic velocities needed to drive the disk with shock wave adhesion.
>>
>> For super high efficiencies, the Tesla Turbine must be operated with 
>> a condense-able fluid, water to steam back to water.  My condenser 
>> operated at around 40 degrees F.  (partial vacuum).  My operating 
>> fluid was Refrigerant R-113 which gave me a vapor density greater 
>> than air and was condense-able below the boiling point of 117 degree F.
>>
>> This turbine can also be applied to condensing plants operating with 
>> high vacuum. In such a case, owing to the very great expansion ratio, 
>> the exhaust mixture will be at a relatively low temperature and 
>> suitable for admission to the condenser.
>>
>> On 12/12/2018 2:54 PM, Norman Wootan wrote:
>>>
>>> Mick, Tesla knew DeLeval and since Allis Chalmers, Millwakee,WI was 
>>> already employing the nozzles in their commercial turbines, he went 
>>> to them to build his Turbines and test them.
>>>
>>> https://www.autoevolution.com/news/nikola-tesla-s-revolutionary-engine-still-lies-untouched-here-s-how-it-works-112254.html
>>>
>>> The Turbine tested by Con Edison, NY  200 HP
>>>
>>> The Allis-Chalmers version, 1 0f 3 built. 500 HP
>>>
>>> On 12/12/2018 9:12 AM, Norman Wootan wrote:
>>>>
>>>> Mick, WRONG on your ideas regarding the Tesla Turbine operating 
>>>> principles.  In my presentation at the Steven Elswick, Tesla Tech 
>>>> Conference, 2016, I went into great detail as to the operating 
>>>> principles of Teslas' Turbine which is nothing like you see, so 
>>>> called experts claiming.  (Reason why I wanted Doug to Post the DVD 
>>>> on YouTube). First of all, to achieve the fantastic efficiencies 
>>>> that Tesla got was to understand super sonic shock waves that 
>>>> adhere to the smooth disk boundary layer.  DeLeval developed the 
>>>> nozzle for rockets to achieve the thrust needed for flight which 
>>>> was quickly picked up on by Robert Goddard.  A properly designed 
>>>> Tesla Turbine has DeLeval nozzles which operate at about 1400 
>>>> ft./sec. velocities which is just above super sonic velocity. A 
>>>> short distance from the nozzle the driving gases transition to 
>>>> sub-sonic velocity forming a transition shock wave which imparts 
>>>> the full kinetic energy of the gases to the moving disk.  Remember 
>>>> that you are converting POTENTIAL ENERGY (high pressure gas in 
>>>> steam chest) into KINETIC ENERGY super sonic gas flow.  NO ONE 
>>>> understands this basic principle.  Steven Elswick, Tesla Tech has 
>>>> my DVD for sale.
>>>>
>>>>
>>>>
>>>>
>>>> enter image description here
>>>>
>>>> https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rocket_engine_nozzle
>>>> https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/De_Laval_nozzle
>>>>
>>>> Do some reading and understand the terminology such as CHOKED FLOW 
>>>> to achieve super-sonic velocities.
>>>> Mick, It is all in your basic research and understanding.
>>>>
>>>> On 12/11/2018 5:05 PM, Mick Jekyll [email protected] [EVGRAY] wrote:
>>>>>
>>>>> Norman,
>>>>> Fantastic projects you have been involved with. Have had many 
>>>>> mental exercises in advances to the boundary layer turbine.  One 
>>>>> of which is a   more parabolic funnel type core with graduated 
>>>>> sized disks and the variable nozzle  addition similar to the 
>>>>> latest Porsche turbochargers that overcome turbo lag. Also 
>>>>> variable disk spacing would be trick but more to go wrong. So in 
>>>>> essence a bit of Schauberger thrown in with Tesla for good 
>>>>> measure.  A tad bit more complex. Sounds as if you have had 
>>>>> similar thoughts and already engineered something from both  camps 
>>>>> of thought.
>>>>>
>>>>>
>>>>> On Dec 11, 2018 9:39 AM, "Norman Wootan [email protected] 
>>>>> <mailto:[email protected]> [EVGRAY]" <[email protected] 
>>>>> <mailto:[email protected]>> wrote:
>>>>>
>>>>>     When Looking back into the 20 plus years of files,
>>>>>     documentation, e-mail and Keely Net BBS dialog files,it would
>>>>>     be a crying shame for all of this valuable and informative
>>>>>     data to be lost.  I have decided to post, incrementally a lot
>>>>>     of information onto this group site for your research use if
>>>>>     you choose.  In retrospect, I have realized that many folks
>>>>>     out there have stolen ideas, Patents etc. from those of us
>>>>>     that have given information freely as did Tesla and even
>>>>>     Hector.  I have always tried to share knowledge for the
>>>>>     benefit of all.
>>>>>
>>>>>
>>>>>     Norman L. Wootan
>>>>>
>>>>>     13723 Lynndale Loop
>>>>>
>>>>>     Abbeville, LA 70510
>>>>>
>>>>>     [email protected] <mailto:[email protected]>
>>>>>
>>>>>     (214)907-0010
>>>>>
>>>>>     Time line development of Technologies related to “VES” Green
>>>>>     Energy Systems
>>>>>
>>>>>     The “Implosion Vortex Reactor” (IVR) was the starting block of
>>>>>     technology for the VES program.
>>>>>
>>>>>     Due to my visit with Jim, in his home in CA. in thesummer of
>>>>>     2001 searching for an “ultra high temp.” ceramic material, his
>>>>>     intense interest was “tweaked” in this technology!
>>>>>
>>>>>     I digress here:In 1980, I was developing the methodology for
>>>>>     making hydrogen gas from basic carbon and water in a unique
>>>>>     type of reactor vessel. In 1994, I machined and assembled the
>>>>>     first prototype 304 stainless “Implosion Vortex Reactor”.Was
>>>>>     not able to arouse any interest in the technology here in the
>>>>>     US.An Investor Group in Berlin GE invited Me in 2001 to fly to
>>>>>     Berlin and do a formal presentation of the technology at which
>>>>>     time the Patent process was begun and funding for the project
>>>>>     was set up. I went to Carson City NV. And set up the necessary
>>>>>     Wells Fargo account and Incorporation for the funding to
>>>>>     proceed.A 5200 sq. ft. Research lab was constructed on my 52
>>>>>     acre farm at Hubbard, TX for the purpose of prototype
>>>>>     development.I was in weekly contact with Jim due to his
>>>>>     interest in the Project.In 2005, the Project was funded ($1.5
>>>>>     million) by GAZPROM, Russia being represented by Her
>>>>>     Deitsmar.My prototype development was funded at the $250,000
>>>>>     level. While I was machining out the two prototypes (one from
>>>>>     6061 aluminum to develop the CAD specs and drawings, and the
>>>>>     second working, “proof of concept reactor” from 310 stainless
>>>>>     steel) Jim asked me to assist him in the construction of a
>>>>>     Vapor Infusion Furnace at Carbondale, IL so that he could
>>>>>     produce a needed densified ceramic reactor unit!I have
>>>>>     provided you in previous documentation the background info on
>>>>>     this Program at SICU. In which we had a working agreement with
>>>>>     the University. In the spring of 2006, at the “Proof of
>>>>>     concept” test of stainless IVR attended by 6 Engineers and
>>>>>     Investor representatives from Europe it was learned that John
>>>>>     MacAllen Funding and Project coordinator has misappropriated
>>>>>     $1.2 million of the Project funds. He had moved to the US from
>>>>>     Berlin, GE and purchased a home and yacht in Florida of which
>>>>>     we had a satellite photo of home and boat in the slip.GAZPROM,
>>>>>     Russia took legal action against MacAllen and took possession
>>>>>     of both prototypes and Patent Rights.See: both Euro and U.S.
>>>>>     Patents.In the spring of 2006, Jim and I agreed to pursue the
>>>>>     IVR technology using the JEP Patent Process to Patent around
>>>>>     my basic patents. Jim had the technology to produce the
>>>>>     required densified ceramics so as to operate the IVR at the
>>>>>     optimum thermal environment. It was our intention to build out
>>>>>     our version of the “Implosion Vortex Reactor” at the
>>>>>     envisioned Victorville, CA Lab Complex when the project was
>>>>>     adequately funded. To that end, Jim was working his heart
>>>>>     out!Since I designed the IVR and wrote the Patents, I left a
>>>>>     lot of the “technology” undisclosed so as to have the latitude
>>>>>     for the JEP Patent Process which Jim wanted to do with our
>>>>>     Patent Attorney.Jim gave me the big “atta boy” for having the
>>>>>     forsight and thinking ahead!I have a complete historical book
>>>>>     of the whole Project with all the Contact Letters with both US
>>>>>     Government and Industrial Investors.I hand delivered a
>>>>>     complete set of these documents to the George Bush Western
>>>>>     Whitehouse at Crawford, TX for our President to review.The
>>>>>     same docs were provided to DOE, Newt Gingrich and Senator Byrd
>>>>>     of WVA.This will give you a great deal of insight into the IVR
>>>>>     portion of our “VES” Program!
>>>>>
>>>>>     Next!The “Implosion Vortex Turbine” our “Prime Mover”(my
>>>>>     vastly improved Tesla Turbine)
>>>>>
>>>>>     To be continued in next message:
>>>>>
>>>>>     Time line development of Technologies related to “VES” Green
>>>>>     Energy Systems
>>>>>
>>>>>     This is the second Technology for the “VES” Project:The
>>>>>     Implosion Vortex Turbine.
>>>>>
>>>>>     Since back in the early 70’s I have been an “avid” Researcher
>>>>>     in the Technology of Nikola Tesla.I have everything that has
>>>>>     ever been written by or about this “genius”.Of very special
>>>>>     interest was his Boundary Layer Turbine which he patented in
>>>>>     1913.After doing extensive research into this very efficient
>>>>>     turbine unit I quickly came to the conclusion that all that
>>>>>     were writing about or researching this device did not fully
>>>>>     understand just how it worked for Tesla was very “shrewd” in
>>>>>     writing his patents and never divulged all of the technology!I
>>>>>     went to the very “top” internet sites and publications
>>>>>     regarding the subject turbine and found that no one had a
>>>>>     “clue’ as to how it really was intended to work at the “super
>>>>>     high thermal conversion” figures.Bendix Corp. tested a 500HP
>>>>>     version of this turbine being operated on steam and was
>>>>>     astounded with the results. This turbine was abandoned early
>>>>>     due to the lack of the proper metallurgy needed in the runners
>>>>>     (disk) which had the needed stress modulus.Due to my
>>>>>     background and Degree in the Aeronautical Discipline I fully
>>>>>     understood just how the Boundary Layer Effect was utilized by
>>>>>     Tesla to achieve the phenomenal thermal efficiency. In 1994,
>>>>>     same shop that I machined the IVR unit; I built a museum
>>>>>     quality Tesla Turbine to demonstrate the technology.I filed
>>>>>     with the US Patent office the Patent Disclosure of a new very
>>>>>     unique new hub design that eliminated all the labyrinth seal
>>>>>     design of Tesla and booster the operational efficiency and
>>>>>     simplified the construction of said turbine.At the
>>>>>     International Tesla Conference, Colorado Springs, 1995, I
>>>>>     donated this Tesla Turbine along with the Patent Disclosure to
>>>>>     the museum and it went on display and was demonstrated to all
>>>>>     museum visitors.
>>>>>
>>>>>     After Jim and I addressed the IVR under “VES” his next
>>>>>     question was “Norm, how are we going to utilize the thermal
>>>>>     output of the IVR for power generation”?My answer, Tesla
>>>>>     Boundary Layer Turbine, to which Jim said, “Please educate me
>>>>>     for I have not heard of this before”.I sent to Jim all the
>>>>>     documentation and drawings along with stress analytical
>>>>>     formulas for the high speed disk utilized in the turbine.Since
>>>>>     this turbine operates at such high speeds, Jim quickly showed
>>>>>     me the stress calculations for runners (disk) that he would
>>>>>     produce in carbon/carbon composite that would successfully
>>>>>     operate in the required environment and would be impervious to
>>>>>     erosion and could be surface finished at the micron level.I
>>>>>     laid out in “Flow block” diagrams, the operation of the
>>>>>     Boundary layer Turbine utilizing a high density refrigerant
>>>>>     that had the operational characteristics we needed for a low
>>>>>     pressure, low temperature very efficient turbine.To achieve
>>>>>     the “off the charts” thermal efficiency, advanced Mechanical
>>>>>     Vapor Recompression (MVR) Industrial Heat pumping technology
>>>>>     will be incorporated into the System. We are able to achieve a
>>>>>     very conservative COP of 20:1 Energy in vs. thermal
>>>>>     output.This is totally achievable in the modern Heat pump
>>>>>     Technology!(MVR) Heat Pump technology will be address in next
>>>>>     segment. Our system is a huge shift from the current steam
>>>>>     turbines which all operate at very high pressures and very
>>>>>     high temperatures so as to maximize the extraction or
>>>>>     conversion of thermal energy into mechanical energy to drive
>>>>>     the generators (really alternators).“Carnot’ cycle” or method
>>>>>     of calculating system thermal efficiency. Our System operates
>>>>>     at relatively low pressures and temperatures vastly
>>>>>     simplifying design, fabrication and operation and practically
>>>>>     eliminates most maintenance requirements. Both Jim and I have
>>>>>     all the documentation of this System in our files!This is a
>>>>>     unique System approach to be prototyped and Patent Apply for
>>>>>     at the Victorville Facility.
>>>>>
>>>>>     No one has put together the “blocks” for such a System that
>>>>>     has such very high performance and efficiency.
>>>>>
>>>>>     Next segment: MVR
>>>>>
>>>>>     ...
>>>>>
>

On 12/19/2018 5:52 AM, Norman Wootan wrote:
>
> Two types of micro tornadoes in the Sono-diffuser that I built with 
> glass outer cylinder.  I drew a depiction of what we saw under HeNe 
> laser and high speed strobe effects to stop action the events. see
>
> After about an hour running time on the Diffuser, the 6061 aluminum 
> rotor would turn totally black due to the erosion caused by the micro 
> tornadoes that were attached to the rotor vs the ones that were point 
> to point attached to one another.  Rotor was etched to flat black 
> condition. In the closed loop water tygon clear tubing circulating 
> line we found that the water was carrying a charge for it created a 
> powerful magnetic field around the water line.
> See
>
>
>
> On 12/16/2018 8:40 AM, Mick [email protected] [EVGRAY] wrote:
>>
>> Norm,
>>
>> Do you have pictures of the mini tornadoes from your diffuser?    
>> Were they point to point - high pressure to high pressure or low to 
>> low like the wing below?
>> I'm beginning to grock what is happening, thanks Norm, and thank 
>> goodness for internet again!
>>
>> On 12/13/2018 7:20 AM, Norman Wootan [email protected] [EVGRAY] wrote:
>>>
>>> Since I am a graduate of Embry Riddle Aeronautical University and 
>>> spent practically a life-time in Aeronautics, I tend to understand 
>>> the operation of this turbine as Nikola Tesla designed it and not 
>>> like the shade tree builders envision it.   The Schifrin Photography 
>>> of super-sonic air flow over airfoils back in the day of NACA before 
>>> NASA. opened the door of understanding just how Tesla's Turbine 
>>> really worked.
>>>
>>> https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla_turbine
>>>
>>> Quote, A Tesla turbine consists of a set of smooth disks, with 
>>> nozzles <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nozzle> applying a moving 
>>> fluid to the edge of the disk.
>>>
>>> DeLeval nozzle designed to achieve sonic velocities and energy 
>>> conversion in throat choking. see diagram
>>>
>>> Red line is Temperature and Green line is pressure both are called 
>>> Potential Energy.  The Blue line is Kinetic Energy and with proper 
>>> throat design for a given condition you can achieve a near complete 
>>> conversion of Energy from Potential to Kinetic. The Tesla nozzle was 
>>> tune-able to achieve these conditions.
>>>
>>> In Fig 4 Tesla depicted the tune-able DeLeval throat to achieve the 
>>> sonic velocities needed to drive the disk with shock wave adhesion.
>>>
>>> For super high efficiencies, the Tesla Turbine must be operated with 
>>> a condense-able fluid, water to steam back to water.  My condenser 
>>> operated at around 40 degrees F.  (partial vacuum).  My operating 
>>> fluid was Refrigerant R-113 which gave me a vapor density greater 
>>> than air and was condense-able below the boiling point of 117 degree F.
>>>
>>> This turbine can also be applied to condensing plants operating with 
>>> high vacuum. In such a case, owing to the very great expansion 
>>> ratio, the exhaust mixture will be at a relatively low temperature 
>>> and suitable for admission to the condenser.
>>>
>>> On 12/12/2018 2:54 PM, Norman Wootan wrote:
>>>>
>>>> Mick, Tesla knew DeLeval and since Allis Chalmers, Millwakee,WI was 
>>>> already employing the nozzles in their commercial turbines, he went 
>>>> to them to build his Turbines and test them.
>>>>
>>>> https://www.autoevolution.com/news/nikola-tesla-s-revolutionary-engine-still-lies-untouched-here-s-how-it-works-112254.html
>>>>
>>>> The Turbine tested by Con Edison, NY  200 HP
>>>>
>>>> The Allis-Chalmers version, 1 0f 3 built. 500 HP
>>>>
>>>> On 12/12/2018 9:12 AM, Norman Wootan wrote:
>>>>>
>>>>> Mick, WRONG on your ideas regarding the Tesla Turbine operating 
>>>>> principles.  In my presentation at the Steven Elswick, Tesla Tech 
>>>>> Conference, 2016, I went into great detail as to the operating 
>>>>> principles of Teslas' Turbine which is nothing like you see, so 
>>>>> called experts claiming.  (Reason why I wanted Doug to Post the 
>>>>> DVD on YouTube).  First of all, to achieve the fantastic 
>>>>> efficiencies that Tesla got was to understand super sonic shock 
>>>>> waves that adhere to the smooth disk boundary layer.  DeLeval 
>>>>> developed the nozzle for rockets to achieve the thrust needed for 
>>>>> flight which was quickly picked up on by Robert Goddard.  A 
>>>>> properly designed Tesla Turbine has DeLeval nozzles which operate 
>>>>> at about 1400 ft./sec. velocities which is just above super sonic 
>>>>> velocity. A short distance from the nozzle the driving gases 
>>>>> transition to sub-sonic velocity forming a transition shock wave 
>>>>> which imparts the full kinetic energy of the gases to the moving 
>>>>> disk. Remember that you are converting POTENTIAL ENERGY (high 
>>>>> pressure gas in steam chest) into KINETIC ENERGY super sonic gas 
>>>>> flow.  NO ONE understands this basic principle.  Steven Elswick, 
>>>>> Tesla Tech has my DVD for sale.
>>>>>
>>>>>
>>>>>
>>>>>
>>>>> enter image description here
>>>>>
>>>>> https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rocket_engine_nozzle
>>>>> https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/De_Laval_nozzle
>>>>>
>>>>> Do some reading and understand the terminology such as CHOKED FLOW 
>>>>> to achieve super-sonic velocities.
>>>>> Mick, It is all in your basic research and understanding.
>>>>>
>>>>> On 12/11/2018 5:05 PM, Mick Jekyll [email protected] [EVGRAY] wrote:
>>>>>>
>>>>>> Norman,
>>>>>> Fantastic projects you have been involved with. Have had many 
>>>>>> mental exercises in advances to the boundary layer turbine.  One 
>>>>>> of which is a   more parabolic funnel type core with graduated 
>>>>>> sized disks and the variable nozzle  addition similar to the 
>>>>>> latest Porsche turbochargers that overcome turbo lag. Also 
>>>>>> variable disk spacing would be trick but more to go wrong. So in 
>>>>>> essence a bit of Schauberger thrown in with Tesla for good 
>>>>>> measure.  A tad bit more complex. Sounds as if you have had 
>>>>>> similar thoughts and already engineered something from both camps 
>>>>>> of thought.
>>>>>>
>>>>>>
>>>>>> On Dec 11, 2018 9:39 AM, "Norman Wootan [email protected] 
>>>>>> <mailto:[email protected]> [EVGRAY]" <[email protected] 
>>>>>> <mailto:[email protected]>> wrote:
>>>>>>
>>>>>>     When Looking back into the 20 plus years of files,
>>>>>>     documentation, e-mail and Keely Net BBS dialog files,it would
>>>>>>     be a crying shame for all of this valuable and informative
>>>>>>     data to be lost.  I have decided to post, incrementally a lot
>>>>>>     of information onto this group site for your research use if
>>>>>>     you choose.  In retrospect, I have realized that many folks
>>>>>>     out there have stolen ideas, Patents etc. from those of us
>>>>>>     that have given information freely as did Tesla and even
>>>>>>     Hector.  I have always tried to share knowledge for the
>>>>>>     benefit of all.
>>>>>>
>>>>>>
>>>>>>     Norman L. Wootan
>>>>>>
>>>>>>     13723 Lynndale Loop
>>>>>>
>>>>>>     Abbeville, LA 70510
>>>>>>
>>>>>>     [email protected] <mailto:[email protected]>
>>>>>>
>>>>>>     (214)907-0010
>>>>>>
>>>>>>     Time line development of Technologies related to “VES” Green
>>>>>>     Energy Systems
>>>>>>
>>>>>>     The “Implosion Vortex Reactor” (IVR) was the starting block
>>>>>>     of technology for the VES program.
>>>>>>
>>>>>>     Due to my visit with Jim, in his home in CA. in thesummer of
>>>>>>     2001 searching for an “ultra high temp.” ceramic material,
>>>>>>     his intense interest was “tweaked” in this technology!
>>>>>>
>>>>>>     I digress here:In 1980, I was developing the methodology for
>>>>>>     making hydrogen gas from basic carbon and water in a unique
>>>>>>     type of reactor vessel. In 1994, I machined and assembled the
>>>>>>     first prototype 304 stainless “Implosion Vortex Reactor”.Was
>>>>>>     not able to arouse any interest in the technology here in the
>>>>>>     US.An Investor Group in Berlin GE invited Me in 2001 to fly
>>>>>>     to Berlin and do a formal presentation of the technology at
>>>>>>     which time the Patent process was begun and funding for the
>>>>>>     project was set up. I went to Carson City NV. And set up the
>>>>>>     necessary Wells Fargo account and Incorporation for the
>>>>>>     funding to proceed.A 5200 sq. ft. Research lab was
>>>>>>     constructed on my 52 acre farm at Hubbard, TX for the purpose
>>>>>>     of prototype development.I was in weekly contact with Jim due
>>>>>>     to his interest in the Project.In 2005, the Project was
>>>>>>     funded ($1.5 million) by GAZPROM, Russia being represented by
>>>>>>     Her Deitsmar.My prototype development was funded at the
>>>>>>     $250,000 level. While I was machining out the two prototypes
>>>>>>     (one from 6061 aluminum to develop the CAD specs and
>>>>>>     drawings, and the second working, “proof of concept reactor”
>>>>>>     from 310 stainless steel) Jim asked me to assist him in the
>>>>>>     construction of a Vapor Infusion Furnace at Carbondale, IL so
>>>>>>     that he could produce a needed densified ceramic reactor
>>>>>>     unit!I have provided you in previous documentation the
>>>>>>     background info on this Program at SICU. In which we had a
>>>>>>     working agreement with the University. In the spring of 2006,
>>>>>>     at the “Proof of concept” test of stainless IVR attended by 6
>>>>>>     Engineers and Investor representatives from Europe it was
>>>>>>     learned that John MacAllen Funding and Project coordinator
>>>>>>     has misappropriated $1.2 million of the Project funds. He had
>>>>>>     moved to the US from Berlin, GE and purchased a home and
>>>>>>     yacht in Florida of which we had a satellite photo of home
>>>>>>     and boat in the slip.GAZPROM, Russia took legal action
>>>>>>     against MacAllen and took possession of both prototypes and
>>>>>>     Patent Rights.See: both Euro and U.S. Patents.In the spring
>>>>>>     of 2006, Jim and I agreed to pursue the IVR technology using
>>>>>>     the JEP Patent Process to Patent around my basic patents. Jim
>>>>>>     had the technology to produce the required densified ceramics
>>>>>>     so as to operate the IVR at the optimum thermal environment.
>>>>>>     It was our intention to build out our version of the
>>>>>>     “Implosion Vortex Reactor” at the envisioned Victorville, CA
>>>>>>     Lab Complex when the project was adequately funded. To that
>>>>>>     end, Jim was working his heart out!Since I designed the IVR
>>>>>>     and wrote the Patents, I left a lot of the “technology”
>>>>>>     undisclosed so as to have the latitude for the JEP Patent
>>>>>>     Process which Jim wanted to do with our Patent Attorney.Jim
>>>>>>     gave me the big “atta boy” for having the forsight and
>>>>>>     thinking ahead!I have a complete historical book of the whole
>>>>>>     Project with all the Contact Letters with both US Government
>>>>>>     and Industrial Investors.I hand delivered a complete set of
>>>>>>     these documents to the George Bush Western Whitehouse at
>>>>>>     Crawford, TX for our President to review.The same docs were
>>>>>>     provided to DOE, Newt Gingrich and Senator Byrd of WVA.This
>>>>>>     will give you a great deal of insight into the IVR portion of
>>>>>>     our “VES” Program!
>>>>>>
>>>>>>     Next!The “Implosion Vortex Turbine” our “Prime Mover”(my
>>>>>>     vastly improved Tesla Turbine)
>>>>>>
>>>>>>     To be continued in next message:
>>>>>>
>>>>>>     Time line development of Technologies related to “VES” Green
>>>>>>     Energy Systems
>>>>>>
>>>>>>     This is the second Technology for the “VES” Project:The
>>>>>>     Implosion Vortex Turbine.
>>>>>>
>>>>>>     Since back in the early 70’s I have been an “avid” Researcher
>>>>>>     in the Technology of Nikola Tesla.I have everything that has
>>>>>>     ever been written by or about this “genius”.Of very special
>>>>>>     interest was his Boundary Layer Turbine which he patented in
>>>>>>     1913.After doing extensive research into this very efficient
>>>>>>     turbine unit I quickly came to the conclusion that all that
>>>>>>     were writing about or researching this device did not fully
>>>>>>     understand just how it worked for Tesla was very “shrewd” in
>>>>>>     writing his patents and never divulged all of the
>>>>>>     technology!I went to the very “top” internet sites and
>>>>>>     publications regarding the subject turbine and found that no
>>>>>>     one had a “clue’ as to how it really was intended to work at
>>>>>>     the “super high thermal conversion” figures.Bendix Corp.
>>>>>>     tested a 500HP version of this turbine being operated on
>>>>>>     steam and was astounded with the results. This turbine was
>>>>>>     abandoned early due to the lack of the proper metallurgy
>>>>>>     needed in the runners (disk) which had the needed stress
>>>>>>     modulus.Due to my background and Degree in the Aeronautical
>>>>>>     Discipline I fully understood just how the Boundary Layer
>>>>>>     Effect was utilized by Tesla to achieve the phenomenal
>>>>>>     thermal efficiency. In 1994, same shop that I machined the
>>>>>>     IVR unit; I built a museum quality Tesla Turbine to
>>>>>>     demonstrate the technology.I filed with the US Patent office
>>>>>>     the Patent Disclosure of a new very unique new hub design
>>>>>>     that eliminated all the labyrinth seal design of Tesla and
>>>>>>     booster the operational efficiency and simplified the
>>>>>>     construction of said turbine.At the International Tesla
>>>>>>     Conference, Colorado Springs, 1995, I donated this Tesla
>>>>>>     Turbine along with the Patent Disclosure to the museum and it
>>>>>>     went on display and was demonstrated to all museum visitors.
>>>>>>
>>>>>>     After Jim and I addressed the IVR under “VES” his next
>>>>>>     question was “Norm, how are we going to utilize the thermal
>>>>>>     output of the IVR for power generation”?My answer, Tesla
>>>>>>     Boundary Layer Turbine, to which Jim said, “Please educate me
>>>>>>     for I have not heard of this before”.I sent to Jim all the
>>>>>>     documentation and drawings along with stress analytical
>>>>>>     formulas for the high speed disk utilized in the
>>>>>>     turbine.Since this turbine operates at such high speeds, Jim
>>>>>>     quickly showed me the stress calculations for runners (disk)
>>>>>>     that he would produce in carbon/carbon composite that would
>>>>>>     successfully operate in the required environment and would be
>>>>>>     impervious to erosion and could be surface finished at the
>>>>>>     micron level.I laid out in “Flow block” diagrams, the
>>>>>>     operation of the Boundary layer Turbine utilizing a high
>>>>>>     density refrigerant that had the operational characteristics
>>>>>>     we needed for a low pressure, low temperature very efficient
>>>>>>     turbine.To achieve the “off the charts” thermal efficiency,
>>>>>>     advanced Mechanical Vapor Recompression (MVR) Industrial Heat
>>>>>>     pumping technology will be incorporated into the System. We
>>>>>>     are able to achieve a very conservative COP of 20:1 Energy in
>>>>>>     vs. thermal output.This is totally achievable in the modern
>>>>>>     Heat pump Technology!(MVR) Heat Pump technology will be
>>>>>>     address in next segment. Our system is a huge shift from the
>>>>>>     current steam turbines which all operate at very high
>>>>>>     pressures and very high temperatures so as to maximize the
>>>>>>     extraction or conversion of thermal energy into mechanical
>>>>>>     energy to drive the generators (really alternators).“Carnot’
>>>>>>     cycle” or method of calculating system thermal efficiency.
>>>>>>     Our System operates at relatively low pressures and
>>>>>>     temperatures vastly simplifying design, fabrication and
>>>>>>     operation and practically eliminates most maintenance
>>>>>>     requirements. Both Jim and I have all the documentation of
>>>>>>     this System in our files!This is a unique System approach to
>>>>>>     be prototyped and Patent Apply for at the Victorville Facility.
>>>>>>
>>>>>>     No one has put together the “blocks” for such a System that
>>>>>>     has such very high performance and efficiency.
>>>>>>
>>>>>>     Next segment: MVR
>>>>>>
>>>>>>     ...
>>>>>>
>>

I designed a special hub for the Tesla Turbine disk assembly which 
eliminated the lybrinth sealing problem and insured that all gas flow 
passed through the spinning disk assembly. Did a Patent disclosure with 
the Patent office and gave that to the Tesla Museum for their history. see




 From the time I gave this document to the Museum, they had one year in 
which to file the Patent.  It is in Free Public Domain now.

On 12/16/2018 9:20 AM, Mick [email protected] [EVGRAY] wrote:
>
> Norm,
>
> Super cool stuff in the works in that pic.  OK maintaining the laminar 
> airflow then is paramount so positioning the shockwave as such or 
> maintaining the low pressure side of the funnels when coming close to 
> contact.  Assuming the high pressure points are where the excess 
> energy is when cavitation occurs.
>
> Now I am getting the gist it would seem Tesla may have been planning 
> planning to run his Boundary Layer turbine from Linde's liquid air!
>
> Can the TT design be run properly from a vacuum source or only from a 
> pressure source?  If not a vacuum source there could be a push pull 
> system with some other design studies...
>
The Tesla Turbine is an implosion device. You could create a deep vacuum 
on hub side and drive disk with the resultant in-flow of gas.


> I would love to find out how you overcame the inherent seal design and 
> all of your info on the TT.  You mentioned a package you made was for 
> sale somewhere, where is this available again?
>
> It's a blessing to have money at the proper time and place, sadly 
> nothing much likely came of all of the interesting things Lee 
> purchased other than more variables for his money raising ventures.
>
>
> On 12/13/2018 9:25 AM, Norman Wootan [email protected] [EVGRAY] wrote:
>>
>> The gas flow is highly laminar.  Have you ever seen a Lockheed 104, 
>> Star fighter loose a wing due to cavitation erosion!  NaDa!  Speaking 
>> of cavitation, back in 1956 through 1963, I ran the repair department 
>> for a large Marina. My into to cavitation was with boat propellers 
>> where I often saw lots of erosion. You have to understand your above 
>> question as to when and how micro vortex cavitation occurs. When a 
>> boat is operating at high speeds, the water flow is highly laminar. 
>> When in stall, high torque operation, there is huge cavitation.  
>> Example was shown to me by a large Contractor operating a big sand 
>> dredge in the Red River producing sand for the concrete and road 
>> construction folks.  They had a 50 ton dredge barge in the river 
>> being moved around with a 25 HP Johnson outboard.  The outboard was 
>> operated at about 3/4 throttle (4500 RPM, gear ratio of 12/21 = 
>> 1.75:1 = prop RPM of 2570 in a near stall configuration created a 
>> huge cavitation situation. 6 months of operating the aluminum props 
>> would eat away all the metal at the blade root near the hub.  When 
>> the 4 bladed hard bronze work props came out, a lot of these problem 
>> went away for the 4 blade design was more suited to this stall type 
>> of thrust.  Observe and you will learn.  Oh!  Jim, mt business 
>> partner was into the carbon/carbon composite business so we designed 
>> our turbine disk out of glass smooth carbon composite which is 10X 
>> stronger than steel.
>>
>> I built several of the turbines, one of which I donated to the Tesla 
>> Museum at Colorado Springs back in 1995. It operated on liquid 
>> CO2,with heat ex changer to make regulated 120PSI gas driving the 
>> nozzles at the disk. It had a built in alternator to show the 
>> generation of electricity from gas flow.  Was neat.  Dennis Lee 
>> bought all of the Museum property at Bankruptcy Sale. $5,000 cash!
>>
>> My Tesla Turbine construction bench in my 5200 sq. ft. lab.
>>
>> On 12/13/2018 7:15 AM, Mick Jekyll [email protected] [EVGRAY] wrote:
>>> Norm, How is cavitation damage to the disks prevented?
>>>
>>> This shock wave action answers all the issues with the low torque of 
>>> all the non shockwave designs, very eye opening.
>>>
>>> Oh and I was half right, he already was  specifying a variable 
>>> nozzle like the latest Porsche turbochargers.  Interesting how their 
>>> turbolag is just about non existant now.
>>>
>>> On Thu, Dec 13, 2018, 7:22 AM Norman Wootan [email protected] 
>>> <mailto:[email protected]> [EVGRAY] <[email protected] 
>>> <mailto:[email protected]>> wrote:
>>>
>>>     Since I am a graduate of Embry Riddle Aeronautical University
>>>     and spent practically a life-time in Aeronautics, I tend to
>>>     understand the operation of this turbine as Nikola Tesla
>>>     designed it and not like the shade tree builders envision it.  
>>>     The Schifrin Photography of super-sonic air flow over airfoils
>>>     back in the day of NACA before NASA. opened the door of
>>>     understanding just how Tesla's Turbine really worked.
>>>
>>>     https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla_turbine
>>>
>>>     Quote, A Tesla turbine consists of a set of smooth disks, with
>>>     nozzles <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nozzle> applying a moving
>>>     fluid to the edge of the disk.
>>>
>>>     DeLeval nozzle designed to achieve sonic velocities and energy
>>>     conversion in throat choking. see diagram
>>>
>>>     https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Nozzle_de_Laval_diagram.svg/250px-Nozzle_de_Laval_diagram.svg.png
>>>
>>>     Red line is Temperature and Green line is pressure both are
>>>     called Potential Energy.  The Blue line is Kinetic Energy and
>>>     with proper throat design for a given condition you can achieve
>>>     a near complete conversion of Energy from Potential to Kinetic.
>>>     The Tesla nozzle was tune-able to achieve these conditions.
>>>
>>>     In Fig 4 Tesla depicted the tune-able DeLeval throat to achieve
>>>     the sonic velocities needed to drive the disk with shock wave
>>>     adhesion.
>>>
>>>     For super high efficiencies, the Tesla Turbine must be operated
>>>     with a condense-able fluid, water to steam back to water.  My
>>>     condenser operated at around 40 degrees F.  (partial vacuum). 
>>>     My operating fluid was Refrigerant R-113 which gave me a vapor
>>>     density greater than air and was condense-able below the boiling
>>>     point of 117 degree F.
>>>
>>>     This turbine can also be applied to condensing plants operating
>>>     with high vacuum. In such a case, owing to the very great
>>>     expansion ratio, the exhaust mixture will be at a relatively low
>>>     temperature and suitable for admission to the condenser.
>>>
>>>     On 12/12/2018 2:54 PM, Norman Wootan wrote:
>>>>
>>>>     Mick, Tesla knew DeLeval and since Allis Chalmers, Millwakee,WI
>>>>     was already employing the nozzles in their commercial turbines,
>>>>     he went to them to build his Turbines and test them.
>>>>
>>>>     https://www.autoevolution.com/news/nikola-tesla-s-revolutionary-engine-still-lies-untouched-here-s-how-it-works-112254.html
>>>>
>>>>     The Turbine tested by Con Edison, NY  200 HP
>>>>
>>>>     The Allis-Chalmers version, 1 0f 3 built. 500 HP
>>>>
>>>>     On 12/12/2018 9:12 AM, Norman Wootan wrote:
>>>>>
>>>>>     Mick, WRONG on your ideas regarding the Tesla Turbine
>>>>>     operating principles.  In my presentation at the Steven
>>>>>     Elswick, Tesla Tech Conference, 2016, I went into great detail
>>>>>     as to the operating principles of Teslas' Turbine which is
>>>>>     nothing like you see, so called experts claiming.  (Reason why
>>>>>     I wanted Doug to Post the DVD on YouTube). First of all, to
>>>>>     achieve the fantastic efficiencies that Tesla got was to
>>>>>     understand super sonic shock waves that adhere to the smooth
>>>>>     disk boundary layer. DeLeval developed the nozzle for rockets
>>>>>     to achieve the thrust needed for flight which was quickly
>>>>>     picked up on by Robert Goddard.  A properly designed Tesla
>>>>>     Turbine has DeLeval nozzles which operate at about 1400
>>>>>     ft./sec. velocities which is just above super sonic velocity.
>>>>>     A short distance from the nozzle the driving gases transition
>>>>>     to sub-sonic velocity forming a transition shock wave which
>>>>>     imparts the full kinetic energy of the gases to the moving
>>>>>     disk. Remember that you are converting POTENTIAL ENERGY (high
>>>>>     pressure gas in steam chest) into KINETIC ENERGY super sonic
>>>>>     gas flow.  NO ONE understands this basic principle.  Steven
>>>>>     Elswick, Tesla Tech has my DVD for sale.
>>>>>
>>>>>
>>>>>
>>>>>
>>>>>     enter image description here
>>>>>
>>>>>     https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rocket_engine_nozzle
>>>>>     https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/De_Laval_nozzle
>>>>>
>>>>>     Do some reading and understand the terminology such as CHOKED
>>>>>     FLOW to achieve super-sonic velocities.
>>>>>     Mick, It is all in your basic research and understanding.
>>>>>
>>>>>     On 12/11/2018 5:05 PM, Mick Jekyll [email protected]
>>>>>     <mailto:[email protected]> [EVGRAY] wrote:
>>>>>>
>>>>>>     Norman,
>>>>>>     Fantastic projects you have been involved with. Have had many
>>>>>>     mental exercises in advances to the boundary layer turbine. 
>>>>>>     One of which is a more parabolic funnel type core with
>>>>>>     graduated sized disks and the variable nozzle addition
>>>>>>     similar to the latest Porsche turbochargers that overcome
>>>>>>     turbo lag. Also variable disk spacing would be trick but more
>>>>>>     to go wrong. So in essence a bit of Schauberger thrown in
>>>>>>     with Tesla for good measure.  A tad bit more complex. Sounds
>>>>>>     as if you have had similar thoughts and already engineered
>>>>>>     something from both  camps of thought.
>>>>>>
>>>>>>
>>>>>>     On Dec 11, 2018 9:39 AM, "Norman Wootan [email protected]
>>>>>>     <mailto:[email protected]> [EVGRAY]" <[email protected]
>>>>>>     <mailto:[email protected]>> wrote:
>>>>>>
>>>>>>         When Looking back into the 20 plus years of files,
>>>>>>         documentation, e-mail and Keely Net BBS dialog files,it
>>>>>>         would be a crying shame for all of this valuable and
>>>>>>         informative data to be lost.  I have decided to post,
>>>>>>         incrementally a lot of information onto this group site
>>>>>>         for your research use if you choose.  In retrospect, I
>>>>>>         have realized that many folks out there have stolen
>>>>>>         ideas, Patents etc. from those of us that have given
>>>>>>         information freely as did Tesla and even Hector.  I have
>>>>>>         always tried to share knowledge for the benefit of all.
>>>>>>
>>>>>>
>>>>>>         Norman L. Wootan
>>>>>>
>>>>>>         13723 Lynndale Loop
>>>>>>
>>>>>>         Abbeville, LA 70510
>>>>>>
>>>>>>         [email protected] <mailto:[email protected]>
>>>>>>
>>>>>>         (214)907-0010
>>>>>>
>>>>>>         Time line development of Technologies related to “VES”
>>>>>>         Green Energy Systems
>>>>>>
>>>>>>         The “Implosion Vortex Reactor” (IVR) was the starting
>>>>>>         block of technology for the VES program.
>>>>>>
>>>>>>         Due to my visit with Jim, in his home in CA. in thesummer
>>>>>>         of 2001 searching for an “ultra high temp.” ceramic
>>>>>>         material, his intense interest was “tweaked” in this
>>>>>>         technology!
>>>>>>
>>>>>>         I digress here:In 1980, I was developing the methodology
>>>>>>         for making hydrogen gas from basic carbon and water in a
>>>>>>         unique type of reactor vessel. In 1994, I machined and
>>>>>>         assembled the first prototype 304 stainless “Implosion
>>>>>>         Vortex Reactor”.Was not able to arouse any interest in
>>>>>>         the technology here in the US.An Investor Group in Berlin
>>>>>>         GE invited Me in 2001 to fly to Berlin and do a formal
>>>>>>         presentation of the technology at which time the Patent
>>>>>>         process was begun and funding for the project was set up.
>>>>>>         I went to Carson City NV. And set up the necessary Wells
>>>>>>         Fargo account and Incorporation for the funding to
>>>>>>         proceed.A 5200 sq. ft. Research lab was constructed on my
>>>>>>         52 acre farm at Hubbard, TX for the purpose of prototype
>>>>>>         development.I was in weekly contact with Jim due to his
>>>>>>         interest in the Project.In 2005, the Project was funded
>>>>>>         ($1.5 million) by GAZPROM, Russia being represented by
>>>>>>         Her Deitsmar.My prototype development was funded at the
>>>>>>         $250,000 level. While I was machining out the two
>>>>>>         prototypes (one from 6061 aluminum to develop the CAD
>>>>>>         specs and drawings, and the second working, “proof of
>>>>>>         concept reactor” from 310 stainless steel) Jim asked me
>>>>>>         to assist him in the construction of a Vapor Infusion
>>>>>>         Furnace at Carbondale, IL so that he could produce a
>>>>>>         needed densified ceramic reactor unit!I have provided you
>>>>>>         in previous documentation the background info on this
>>>>>>         Program at SICU. In which we had a working agreement with
>>>>>>         the University. In the spring of 2006, at the “Proof of
>>>>>>         concept” test of stainless IVR attended by 6 Engineers
>>>>>>         and Investor representatives from Europe it was learned
>>>>>>         that John MacAllen Funding and Project coordinator has
>>>>>>         misappropriated $1.2 million of the Project funds. He had
>>>>>>         moved to the US from Berlin, GE and purchased a home and
>>>>>>         yacht in Florida of which we had a satellite photo of
>>>>>>         home and boat in the slip.GAZPROM, Russia took legal
>>>>>>         action against MacAllen and took possession of both
>>>>>>         prototypes and Patent Rights.See: both Euro and U.S.
>>>>>>         Patents.In the spring of 2006, Jim and I agreed to pursue
>>>>>>         the IVR technology using the JEP Patent Process to Patent
>>>>>>         around my basic patents. Jim had the technology to
>>>>>>         produce the required densified ceramics so as to operate
>>>>>>         the IVR at the optimum thermal environment. It was our
>>>>>>         intention to build out our version of the “Implosion
>>>>>>         Vortex Reactor” at the envisioned Victorville, CA Lab
>>>>>>         Complex when the project was adequately funded. To that
>>>>>>         end, Jim was working his heart out!Since I designed the
>>>>>>         IVR and wrote the Patents, I left a lot of the
>>>>>>         “technology” undisclosed so as to have the latitude for
>>>>>>         the JEP Patent Process which Jim wanted to do with our
>>>>>>         Patent Attorney.Jim gave me the big “atta boy” for having
>>>>>>         the forsight and thinking ahead!I have a complete
>>>>>>         historical book of the whole Project with all the Contact
>>>>>>         Letters with both US Government and Industrial
>>>>>>         Investors.I hand delivered a complete set of these
>>>>>>         documents to the George Bush Western Whitehouse at
>>>>>>         Crawford, TX for our President to review.The same docs
>>>>>>         were provided to DOE, Newt Gingrich and Senator Byrd of
>>>>>>         WVA.This will give you a great deal of insight into the
>>>>>>         IVR portion of our “VES” Program!
>>>>>>
>>>>>>         Next!The “Implosion Vortex Turbine” our “Prime Mover”(my
>>>>>>         vastly improved Tesla Turbine)
>>>>>>
>>>>>>         To be continued in next message:
>>>>>>
>>>>>>         Time line development of Technologies related to “VES”
>>>>>>         Green Energy Systems
>>>>>>
>>>>>>         This is the second Technology for the “VES” Project:The
>>>>>>         Implosion Vortex Turbine.
>>>>>>
>>>>>>         Since back in the early 70’s I have been an “avid”
>>>>>>         Researcher in the Technology of Nikola Tesla.I have
>>>>>>         everything that has ever been written by or about this
>>>>>>         “genius”.Of very special interest was his Boundary Layer
>>>>>>         Turbine which he patented in 1913.After doing extensive
>>>>>>         research into this very efficient turbine unit I quickly
>>>>>>         came to the conclusion that all that were writing about
>>>>>>         or researching this device did not fully understand just
>>>>>>         how it worked for Tesla was very “shrewd” in writing his
>>>>>>         patents and never divulged all of the technology!I went
>>>>>>         to the very “top” internet sites and publications
>>>>>>         regarding the subject turbine and found that no one had a
>>>>>>         “clue’ as to how it really was intended to work at the
>>>>>>         “super high thermal conversion” figures.Bendix Corp.
>>>>>>         tested a 500HP version of this turbine being operated on
>>>>>>         steam and was astounded with the results. This turbine
>>>>>>         was abandoned early due to the lack of the proper
>>>>>>         metallurgy needed in the runners (disk) which had the
>>>>>>         needed stress modulus.Due to my background and Degree in
>>>>>>         the Aeronautical Discipline I fully understood just how
>>>>>>         the Boundary Layer Effect was utilized by Tesla to
>>>>>>         achieve the phenomenal thermal efficiency. In 1994, same
>>>>>>         shop that I machined the IVR unit; I built a museum
>>>>>>         quality Tesla Turbine to demonstrate the technology.I
>>>>>>         filed with the US Patent office the Patent Disclosure of
>>>>>>         a new very unique new hub design that eliminated all the
>>>>>>         labyrinth seal design of Tesla and booster the
>>>>>>         operational efficiency and simplified the construction of
>>>>>>         said turbine.At the International Tesla Conference,
>>>>>>         Colorado Springs, 1995, I donated this Tesla Turbine
>>>>>>         along with the Patent Disclosure to the museum and it
>>>>>>         went on display and was demonstrated to all museum visitors.
>>>>>>
>>>>>>         After Jim and I addressed the IVR under “VES” his next
>>>>>>         question was “Norm, how are we going to utilize the
>>>>>>         thermal output of the IVR for power generation”?My
>>>>>>         answer, Tesla Boundary Layer Turbine, to which Jim said,
>>>>>>         “Please educate me for I have not heard of this before”.I
>>>>>>         sent to Jim all the documentation and drawings along with
>>>>>>         stress analytical formulas for the high speed disk
>>>>>>         utilized in the turbine.Since this turbine operates at
>>>>>>         such high speeds, Jim quickly showed me the stress
>>>>>>         calculations for runners (disk) that he would produce in
>>>>>>         carbon/carbon composite that would successfully operate
>>>>>>         in the required environment and would be impervious to
>>>>>>         erosion and could be surface finished at the micron
>>>>>>         level.I laid out in “Flow block” diagrams, the operation
>>>>>>         of the Boundary layer Turbine utilizing a high density
>>>>>>         refrigerant that had the operational characteristics we
>>>>>>         needed for a low pressure, low temperature very efficient
>>>>>>         turbine.To achieve the “off the charts” thermal
>>>>>>         efficiency, advanced Mechanical Vapor Recompression (MVR)
>>>>>>         Industrial Heat pumping technology will be incorporated
>>>>>>         into the System. We are able to achieve a very
>>>>>>         conservative COP of 20:1 Energy in vs. thermal
>>>>>>         output.This is totally achievable in the modern Heat pump
>>>>>>         Technology!(MVR) Heat Pump technology will be address in
>>>>>>         next segment. Our system is a huge shift from the current
>>>>>>         steam turbines which all operate at very high pressures
>>>>>>         and very high temperatures so as to maximize the
>>>>>>         extraction or conversion of thermal energy into
>>>>>>         mechanical energy to drive the generators (really
>>>>>>         alternators).“Carnot’ cycle” or method of calculating
>>>>>>         system thermal efficiency. Our System operates at
>>>>>>         relatively low pressures and temperatures vastly
>>>>>>         simplifying design, fabrication and operation and
>>>>>>         practically eliminates most maintenance requirements.
>>>>>>         Both Jim and I have all the documentation of this System
>>>>>>         in our files!This is a unique System approach to be
>>>>>>         prototyped and Patent Apply for at the Victorville Facility.
>>>>>>
>>>>>>         No one has put together the “blocks” for such a System
>>>>>>         that has such very high performance and efficiency.
>>>>>>
>>>>>>         Next segment: MVR
>>>>>>
>>>>>>         ...
>>>>>>
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