Re: [EVGRAY] multipacting and secondary emission electron multiplication

I am very familiar with the Multipactor concept of Philo Farnsworth, 
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philo_Farnsworth. Richard Hull was working 
with the multipactor in his fusion research.

On 12/28/2018 9:03 AM, Mick [email protected] [EVGRAY] wrote:
>
> Ole,
>
> Can you explain how and if avalanche currents in certain transistors can
> mimic multipaction and the electron multiplication of secondary emission?
>
> You mentioned awhile back a concept of power multiplication through
> avalanche mode rather than resonance as the system could be much less
> finicky.  Could you elaborate on this concept?
>
> It is interesting to note that during multipaction events much of the
> technology present is designed to limit the amplification event to
> prevent damage to the devices.
>
> Great data here:
>
> https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Multipactor_effect
>
> More intense version:
>
> https://arxiv.org/ftp/arxiv/papers/1112/1112.2176.pdf
>
>

Ole,

Can you explain how and if avalanche currents in certain transistors can
mimic multipaction and the electron multiplication of secondary emission?

You mentioned awhile back a concept of power multiplication through
avalanche mode rather than resonance as the system could be much less
finicky.  Could you elaborate on this concept?

It is interesting to note that during multipaction events much of the
technology present is designed to limit the amplification event to
prevent damage to the devices.

Great data here:

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Multipactor_effect

More intense version:

https://arxiv.org/ftp/arxiv/papers/1112/1112.2176.pdf

Ole,

Thanks for the good info.

Do you know if a high speed avalanche transistor creates an FM
modulation as does a spark gap?

On 12/28/2018 2:16 PM, [email protected] [EVGRAY] wrote:
>  
>
> Hi Mick,
>
> "Can you explain how and if avalanche currents in certain transistors can
> mimic multipaction and the electron multiplication of secondary emission?"
> The second breakdown
> <https://wiki2.org/en/Second_breakdown#Secondary_breakdown> acts like
> an avalanche that can't be stopped except by disrupting the current
> from outside the transistor. The first breakdown is kind of like the
> Zener effect while the secondary breakdown is a negative resistance
> characteristic where the transistor shorts.
>
> "You mentioned awhile back a concept of power multiplication through
> avalanche mode rather than resonance as the system could be much less
> finicky.  Could you elaborate on this concept?"
> The avalanche is like a solid state spark gap and happens very fast
> like in a few nsec or less.
> https://wiki2.org/en/Avalanche_transistor
>
> Bipolar transistors optimized to be used in avalanche mode:
> https://www.diodes.com/products/discrete/bipolar-transistors/special-function-transistors/avalanche-transistors/
> Normal bipolar transistors aren't optimized for avalanche mode
> operation and their breakdown parameters may vary a lot even having
> the same type number. They'll still show the breakdown effect.
>
> Understanding Power Transistors Breakdown Parameters:
> https://www.onsemi.com/pub/Collateral/AN1628-D.PDF
>
> "It is interesting to note that during multipaction events much of the
> technology present is designed to limit the amplification event to
> prevent damage to the devices."
> If the device melts or explodes it's no longer useful. This is a good
> reason for limiting the effect. This means the current must be limited
> or cut off from the outside as the device can't do it after being
> triggered.
>
> Regards
> Ole
>
>
>
> --In [email protected], <mkjekyll@...> wrote :
>
> Ole,
>
> Can you explain how and if avalanche currents in certain transistors can
> mimic multipaction and the electron multiplication of secondary emission?
>
> You mentioned awhile back a concept of power multiplication through
> avalanche mode rather than resonance as the system could be much less
> finicky.  Could you elaborate on this concept?
>
> It is interesting to note that during multipaction events much of the
> technology present is designed to limit the amplification event to
> prevent damage to the devices.
>
> Great data here:
>
> https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Multipactor_effect
>
> More intense version:
>
> https://arxiv.org/ftp/arxiv/papers/1112/1112.2176.pdf
>

Hi Mick,

"Can you explain how and if avalanche currents in certain transistors can
 mimic multipaction and the electron multiplication of secondary emission?"
The second breakdown https://wiki2.org/en/Second_breakdown#Secondary_breakdown acts like an avalanche that can't be stopped except by disrupting the current from outside the transistor. The first breakdown is kind of like the Zener effect while the secondary breakdown is a negative resistance characteristic where the transistor shorts.

"You mentioned awhile back a concept of power multiplication through
 avalanche mode rather than resonance as the system could be much less
 finicky.  Could you elaborate on this concept?"
The avalanche is like a solid state spark gap and happens very fast like in a few nsec or less.
https://wiki2.org/en/Avalanche_transistor https://wiki2.org/en/Avalanche_transistor

Bipolar transistors optimized to be used in avalanche mode: https://www.diodes.com/products/discrete/bipolar-transistors/special-function-transistors/avalanche-transistors/ https://www.diodes.com/products/discrete/bipolar-transistors/special-function-transistors/avalanche-transistors/
Normal bipolar transistors aren't optimized for avalanche mode operation and their breakdown parameters may vary a lot even having the same type number. They'll still show the breakdown effect.

Understanding Power Transistors Breakdown Parameters: https://www.onsemi.com/pub/Collateral/AN1628-D.PDF https://www.onsemi.com/pub/Collateral/AN1628-D.PDF

"It is interesting to note that during multipaction events much of the
 technology present is designed to limit the amplification event to
 prevent damage to the devices."
If the device melts or explodes it's no longer useful. This is a good reason for limiting the effect. This means the current must be limited or cut off from the outside as the device can't do it after being triggered.

Regards
Ole
 

---In [email protected], <mkjekyll@...> wrote :

 Ole,
 
 Can you explain how and if avalanche currents in certain transistors can
 mimic multipaction and the electron multiplication of secondary emission?
 
 You mentioned awhile back a concept of power multiplication through
 avalanche mode rather than resonance as the system could be much less
 finicky.  Could you elaborate on this concept?
 
 It is interesting to note that during multipaction events much of the
 technology present is designed to limit the amplification event to
 prevent damage to the devices.
 
 Great data here:
 
 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Multipactor_effect https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Multipactor_effect
 
 More intense version:
 
 https://arxiv.org/ftp/arxiv/papers/1112/1112.2176.pdf https://arxiv.org/ftp/arxiv/papers/1112/1112.2176.pdf

Hi Mick,

I didn't know that a spark gap creates FM modulation. But the secondary breakdown through the semiconducting crystal behaves like a spark gap with its negative resistance characteristic. The modulation must depend on the external circuit. The breakdown can be triggered by the base or just by reaching the breakdown voltage of the device.

Regards
Ole
 

---In [email protected], <mkjekyll@...> wrote :

 Ole, 

 Thanks for the good info.

 Do you know if a high speed avalanche transistor creates an FM modulation as does a spark gap?

 On 12/28/2018 2:16 PM, onielsen@... mailto:onielsen@... [EVGRAY] wrote:

   Hi Mick,
 
 "Can you explain how and if avalanche currents in certain transistors can
 mimic multipaction and the electron multiplication of secondary emission?"
 The second breakdown https://wiki2.org/en/Second_breakdown#Secondary_breakdown acts like an avalanche that can't be stopped except by disrupting the current from outside the transistor. The first breakdown is kind of like the Zener effect while the secondary breakdown is a negative resistance characteristic where the transistor shorts.
 
 "You mentioned awhile back a concept of power multiplication through
 avalanche mode rather than resonance as the system could be much less
 finicky.  Could you elaborate on this concept?"
 The avalanche is like a solid state spark gap and happens very fast like in a few nsec or less.
 https://wiki2.org/en/Avalanche_transistor https://wiki2.org/en/Avalanche_transistor
 
 Bipolar transistors optimized to be used in avalanche mode: https://www.diodes.com/products/discrete/bipolar-transistors/special-function-transistors/avalanche-transistors/ https://www.diodes.com/products/discrete/bipolar-transistors/special-function-transistors/avalanche-transistors/
 Normal bipolar transistors aren't optimized for avalanche mode operation and their breakdown parameters may vary a lot even having the same type number. They'll still show the breakdown effect.
 
 Understanding Power Transistors Breakdown Parameters: https://www.onsemi.com/pub/Collateral/AN1628-D.PDF https://www.onsemi.com/pub/Collateral/AN1628-D.PDF
 
 "It is interesting to note that during multipaction events much of the
 technology present is designed to limit the amplification event to
 prevent damage to the devices."
 If the device melts or explodes it's no longer useful. This is a good reason for limiting the effect. This means the current must be limited or cut off from the outside as the device can't do it after being triggered.
 
 Regards
 Ole

 
 
 --In [email protected] mailto:[email protected], <mkjekyll@...> mailto:mkjekyll@... wrote :
 
 Ole,
 
 Can you explain how and if avalanche currents in certain transistors can
 mimic multipaction and the electron multiplication of secondary emission?
 
 You mentioned awhile back a concept of power multiplication through
 avalanche mode rather than resonance as the system could be much less
 finicky.  Could you elaborate on this concept?
 
 It is interesting to note that during multipaction events much of the
 technology present is designed to limit the amplification event to
 prevent damage to the devices.
 
 Great data here:
 
 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Multipactor_effect https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Multipactor_effect
 
 More intense version:
 
 https://arxiv.org/ftp/arxiv/papers/1112/1112.2176.pdf https://arxiv.org/ftp/arxiv/papers/1112/1112.2176.pdf

Thank You Hector for throwing the cinder block through the store front 
window! So to speak. You and I have been preaching to these folks just 
how all this phenomenon works.  In addition to the gunning effect and 
the stochastic ferroresonant phenomenon that is all so common in the RV, 
Transverter and other devices that can be driven into super-saturation, 
I have ventured into the magnetic flux annihilation, reconnect plasma 
effect that yields the avalanche of extra ordinary energy thousands of 
times greater that input. The problem that we have is in that this 
energy is Magneto-Electric, Neutral Spike, EMP and does not follow 
conventional accepted rules and Laws. See the attached PDF.  The Cadick  
Corp was located in Garland, TX just about 5 miles from my lab in 
Dallas.  This one document, when studied in detail, spells out just how 
the ferroresonant event occurs. The stochastic self targeting resonant 
point is predicated on the L and C values (dynamically) within the 
circuit at time of super-saturation and the L value suddenly shifts. The 
stochastic  ferroresonance gives us a good idea as to the self targeting 
frequency since we hear the SQUEALING PIG acoustic output in the 
400-3500 Hz band.  I have heard this (Hector coined the phrase) squeal 
so many times during experimentation with the transverter and the RV. 
During these excursions of operating frequencies we find that the 
current and voltages go off the scale and are not attributed to line 
input. When a transformer experiences a lock on of a self targeting 
frequency the super currents generated by the sudden loss of the total L 
value in the circuit ( How the NNEMP bomb works) creates a huge Z pinch 
effect which literally crushes the steel laminations and causes the 
transformer to explode.  NO! it is not the oil exploding. All of this 
happens very rapidly, within a few oscillations of the line input 
frequency.   We learn how to mitigate the possibility of the 
ferroresonant condition to occur in our circuits BUT, it is our job to 
learn how to trigger and lock on to this phenomenon and learn how to 
harness and control the self targeting phenomenon. That is your 
challenge if you care to accept it.   Norm

On 12/29/2018 7:11 AM, [email protected] [EVGRAY] wrote:
>
> why bother is you got EASER  Electron Amplification by Secondary  
> Emission of Radiation within the RV and Ferroresonant transformers and 
> transverters ?
>
> why re-engineer the simple into a not even God can replicate demon 
> owned only technology ?
>
>
> Multipaction is a fancy word for gunning  , alike the reversing of a 
> motor suddenly backwards to create  a neutral spike or consecutively 
> step discharging a capacitor into a coil wile the coil is discharging 
> to multiply the current (read EV Gray patent ) Read Normans Neutral 
> spike papers
>
> its a common effect we find in spark gaps as the load de-phases from 
> the source pulses due to differentials in impedance matching causes by 
> connection & disconnection of the spark gap discharges .
>
> so keep it simple !
>
> ARK Ω ©
>
>
> (H)
>
>
>
> ---In [email protected], <onielsen@...> wrote :
>
> Hi Mick,
>
> "Can you explain how and if avalanche currents in certain transistors can
> mimic multipaction and the electron multiplication of secondary emission?"
> The second breakdown 
> <https://wiki2.org/en/Second_breakdown#Secondary_breakdown> acts like 
> an avalanche that can't be stopped except by disrupting the current 
> from outside the transistor. The first breakdown is kind of like the 
> Zener effect while the secondary breakdown is a negative resistance 
> characteristic where the transistor shorts.
>
> "You mentioned awhile back a concept of power multiplication through
> avalanche mode rather than resonance as the system could be much less
> finicky.  Could you elaborate on this concept?"
> The avalanche is like a solid state spark gap and happens very fast 
> like in a few nsec or less.
> https://wiki2.org/en/Avalanche_transistor
>
> Bipolar transistors optimized to be used in avalanche mode: 
> https://www.diodes.com/products/discrete/bipolar-transistors/special-function-transistors/avalanche-transistors/
> Normal bipolar transistors aren't optimized for avalanche mode 
> operation and their breakdown parameters may vary a lot even having 
> the same type number. They'll still show the breakdown effect.
>
> Understanding Power Transistors Breakdown Parameters: 
> https://www.onsemi.com/pub/Collateral/AN1628-D.PDF
>
> "It is interesting to note that during multipaction events much of the
> technology present is designed to limit the amplification event to
> prevent damage to the devices."
> If the device melts or explodes it's no longer useful. This is a good 
> reason for limiting the effect. This means the current must be limited 
> or cut off from the outside as the device can't do it after being 
> triggered.
>
> Regards
> Ole
>
>
> ---In [email protected], <mkjekyll@...> wrote :
>
> Ole,
>
> Can you explain how and if avalanche currents in certain transistors can
> mimic multipaction and the electron multiplication of secondary emission?
>
> You mentioned awhile back a concept of power multiplication through
> avalanche mode rather than resonance as the system could be much less
> finicky.  Could you elaborate on this concept?
>
> It is interesting to note that during multipaction events much of the
> technology present is designed to limit the amplification event to
> prevent damage to the devices.
>
> Great data here:
>
> https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Multipactor_effect
>
> More intense version:
>
> https://arxiv.org/ftp/arxiv/papers/1112/1112.2176.pdf
>

Thanks Hector,  for explaining this in simple to understand concept.  I
was wondering how long you would hold this one close to the chest.

Along these lines I highly recommend Wesley's new video with the
insulators conducting RF.  Just skip to the end to see the effect 
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KLAPRNWuAn4

On 12/29/2018 7:48 AM, [email protected] [EVGRAY] wrote:
>  
>
> Power factor in a sense is a side band FM modulation of the ac power
> carrier frequency ...as power factor shifts the phase angle so also
> the frequency ....
>
> There! i threw the cinder block in the store front window !
>
> that is how the RV virtual phase is created !
>
>
> (H)
>
>
>
>
> ---In [email protected], <onielsen@...> wrote :
>
> Hi Mick,
>
> I didn't know that a spark gap creates FM modulation. But the
> secondary breakdown through the semiconducting crystal behaves like a
> spark gap with its negative resistance characteristic. The modulation
> must depend on the external circuit. The breakdown can be triggered by
> the base or just by reaching the breakdown voltage of the device.
>
> Regards
> Ole
>
>
> ---In [email protected], <mkjekyll@...> wrote :
>
> Ole,
>
> Thanks for the good info.
>
> Do you know if a high speed avalanche transistor creates an FM
> modulation as does a spark gap?
>
> On 12/28/2018 2:16 PM, onielsen@... <mailto:onielsen@...> [EVGRAY] wrote:
>
>>          
>>
>>         Hi Mick,
>>
>>         "Can you explain how and if avalanche currents in certain
>>         transistors can
>>         mimic multipaction and the electron multiplication of
>>         secondary emission?"
>>         The second breakdown
>>         <https://wiki2.org/en/Second_breakdown#Secondary_breakdown>
>>         acts like an avalanche that can't be stopped except by
>>         disrupting the current from outside the transistor. The first
>>         breakdown is kind of like the Zener effect while the
>>         secondary breakdown is a negative resistance characteristic
>>         where the transistor shorts.
>>
>>         "You mentioned awhile back a concept of power multiplication
>>         through
>>         avalanche mode rather than resonance as the system could be
>>         much less
>>         finicky.  Could you elaborate on this concept?"
>>         The avalanche is like a solid state spark gap and happens
>>         very fast like in a few nsec or less.
>>         https://wiki2.org/en/Avalanche_transistor
>>
>>         Bipolar transistors optimized to be used in avalanche mode:
>>         https://www.diodes.com/products/discrete/bipolar-transistors/special-function-transistors/avalanche-transistors/
>>         Normal bipolar transistors aren't optimized for avalanche
>>         mode operation and their breakdown parameters may vary a lot
>>         even having the same type number. They'll still show the
>>         breakdown effect.
>>
>>         Understanding Power Transistors Breakdown Parameters:
>>         https://www.onsemi.com/pub/Collateral/AN1628-D.PDF
>>
>>         "It is interesting to note that during multipaction events
>>         much of the
>>         technology present is designed to limit the amplification
>>         event to
>>         prevent damage to the devices."
>>         If the device melts or explodes it's no longer useful. This
>>         is a good reason for limiting the effect. This means the
>>         current must be limited or cut off from the outside as the
>>         device can't do it after being triggered.
>>
>>         Regards
>>         Ole
>>
>>
>>
>>         --In [email protected] <mailto:[email protected]>,
>>         <mkjekyll@...> <mailto:mkjekyll@...> wrote :
>>
>>         Ole,
>>
>>         Can you explain how and if avalanche currents in certain
>>         transistors can
>>         mimic multipaction and the electron multiplication of
>>         secondary emission?
>>
>>         You mentioned awhile back a concept of power multiplication
>>         through
>>         avalanche mode rather than resonance as the system could be
>>         much less
>>         finicky.  Could you elaborate on this concept?
>>
>>         It is interesting to note that during multipaction events
>>         much of the
>>         technology present is designed to limit the amplification
>>         event to
>>         prevent damage to the devices.
>>
>>         Great data here:
>>
>>         https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Multipactor_effect
>>
>>         More intense version:
>>
>>         https://arxiv.org/ftp/arxiv/papers/1112/1112.2176.pdf
>
>

Hector,

Can you define the advantage in the effect of the stainless steel ball
as a capacitive coupling for interface with the environment,  lets say
the advantages as compared to a ring radiator?


On 12/29/2018 8:11 AM, [email protected] [EVGRAY] wrote:
>  
>
> why bother is you got EASER  Electron Amplification by Secondary 
> Emission of Radiation within the RV and Ferroresonant transformers and
> transverters ?
>
> why re-engineer the simple into a not even God can replicate demon
> owned only technology ?
>
>
> Multipaction is a fancy word for gunning  , alike the reversing of a
> motor suddenly backwards to create  a neutral spike or consecutively
> step discharging a capacitor into a coil wile the coil is discharging
> to multiply the current (read EV Gray patent ) Read Normans Neutral
> spike papers
>
> its a common effect we find in spark gaps as the load de-phases from
> the source pulses due to differentials in impedance matching causes by
> connection & disconnection of the spark gap discharges .
>
> so keep it simple !
>
> ARK Ω ©
>
>
> (H)
>
>
>
> ---In [email protected], <onielsen@...> wrote :
>
> Hi Mick,
>
> "Can you explain how and if avalanche currents in certain transistors can
> mimic multipaction and the electron multiplication of secondary emission?"
> The second breakdown
> <https://wiki2.org/en/Second_breakdown#Secondary_breakdown> acts like
> an avalanche that can't be stopped except by disrupting the current
> from outside the transistor. The first breakdown is kind of like the
> Zener effect while the secondary breakdown is a negative resistance
> characteristic where the transistor shorts.
>
> "You mentioned awhile back a concept of power multiplication through
> avalanche mode rather than resonance as the system could be much less
> finicky.  Could you elaborate on this concept?"
> The avalanche is like a solid state spark gap and happens very fast
> like in a few nsec or less.
> https://wiki2.org/en/Avalanche_transistor
>
> Bipolar transistors optimized to be used in avalanche mode:
> https://www.diodes.com/products/discrete/bipolar-transistors/special-function-transistors/avalanche-transistors/
> Normal bipolar transistors aren't optimized for avalanche mode
> operation and their breakdown parameters may vary a lot even having
> the same type number. They'll still show the breakdown effect.
>
> Understanding Power Transistors Breakdown Parameters:
> https://www.onsemi.com/pub/Collateral/AN1628-D.PDF
>
> "It is interesting to note that during multipaction events much of the
> technology present is designed to limit the amplification event to
> prevent damage to the devices."
> If the device melts or explodes it's no longer useful. This is a good
> reason for limiting the effect. This means the current must be limited
> or cut off from the outside as the device can't do it after being
> triggered.
>
> Regards
> Ole
>
>
> ---In [email protected], <mkjekyll@...> wrote :
>
> Ole,
>
> Can you explain how and if avalanche currents in certain transistors can
> mimic multipaction and the electron multiplication of secondary emission?
>
> You mentioned awhile back a concept of power multiplication through
> avalanche mode rather than resonance as the system could be much less
> finicky.  Could you elaborate on this concept?
>
> It is interesting to note that during multipaction events much of the
> technology present is designed to limit the amplification event to
> prevent damage to the devices.
>
> Great data here:
>
> https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Multipactor_effect
>
> More intense version:
>
> https://arxiv.org/ftp/arxiv/papers/1112/1112.2176.pdf
>

Warren,

Hector is breaking it down!

What is the definitive factor between a transverse wave and a Tesla
electric sound wave?  How would you define the difference and what
creates longitudinal pumping?

On 12/29/2018 9:08 AM, Warren Keillor [email protected]
[EVGRAY] wrote:
>  
>
> Hector
>
> Have you ever heard of wearing pearls in front of swine?
> I have to sort of blink, and go "Duh?"
> with your heroic cinder block toss, because I am not sure exactly what
> you are talking about, except, where the extra energy, we find coming
> out of the RV, is coming from?
> The side band carrier wave of a frequency modulated transmitter?
> There are lots of words there.
> Let us look what we are doing.
> We take a 5 amp 12 volt lead acid battery and connect a 12 volt to 120
> volt ac inverter to it, producing 125 watts of 120 ac?(of course you
> can't start a 3 hp RV on that supply, you get it up to speed using the
> grid, then switch over, while at 1780 rpm) now tuning the RV
> capacitors to the least draw, say, 200ma@ 120 volts?
> Now on your capacitor circuit you have a single pole single throw
> switch shunted off in series.
> Also connected to the terminals of that same switch, is a multi
> purpose hardware store transformer primary pair of wires.
> While the RV is at full speed, you open the shunted switch, putting
> the primary windings into the capacitance circuit of the RV.
> In the numerous secondary options of that transformer, there is a 12.8
> volts, measured, coming out.
> Put a bridge diode rectifier on that turning the ac, to dc.
> Put a dc load on that secondary, tuning your capacitance running the
> RV to minimum amperage draw.( this pre-supposes that you have made a
> good, well built, capacitor tuning box, with proper switches, and hard
> wired, rather than screwing about with jumpers, and alligator clips!)
> You then find you put in from the battery 1.5 amps, at 12 volts dc,
> and get 2.5 amps dc 12 volts dc, at the load.
> So where is this FM sideband coming out of? And what do you mean by
> that, anyway.
> Remember, you are not just talking to me, you are addressing the
> world, so keep your explanation in small practical words, so others
> will understand, too.
> Cheers Warren
> Sent from Yahoo Mail on Android
> <https://go.onelink.me/107872968?pid=InProduct&c=Global_Internal_YGrowth_AndroidEmailSig__AndroidUsers&af_wl=ym&af_sub1=Internal&af_sub2=Global_YGrowth&af_sub3=EmailSignature>
>
>     On Sat, 29 Dec 2018 at 7:52 AM, [email protected] [EVGRAY]
>     <[email protected]> wrote:
>      
>
>     Power factor in a sense is a side band FM modulation of the ac
>     power carrier frequency ...as power factor shifts the phase angle
>     so also the frequency ....
>
>     There! i threw the cinder block in the store front window !
>
>     that is how the RV virtual phase is created !
>
>
>     (H)
>
>
>
>
>     ---In [email protected], <onielsen@...> wrote :
>
>     Hi Mick,
>
>     I didn't know that a spark gap creates FM modulation. But the
>     secondary breakdown through the semiconducting crystal behaves
>     like a spark gap with its negative resistance characteristic. The
>     modulation must depend on the external circuit. The breakdown can
>     be triggered by the base or just by reaching the breakdown voltage
>     of the device.
>
>     Regards
>     Ole
>
>
>     ---In [email protected], <mkjekyll@...> wrote :
>
>     Ole,
>
>     Thanks for the good info.
>
>     Do you know if a high speed avalanche transistor creates an FM
>     modulation as does a spark gap?
>
>     On 12/28/2018 2:16 PM, onielsen@... <mailto:onielsen@...> [EVGRAY]
>     wrote:
>
>>              
>>
>>             Hi Mick,
>>
>>             "Can you explain how and if avalanche currents in certain
>>             transistors can
>>             mimic multipaction and the electron multiplication of
>>             secondary emission?"
>>             The second breakdown
>>             <https://wiki2.org/en/Second_breakdown#Secondary_breakdown>
>>             acts like an avalanche that can't be stopped except by
>>             disrupting the current from outside the transistor. The
>>             first breakdown is kind of like the Zener effect while
>>             the secondary breakdown is a negative resistance
>>             characteristic where the transistor shorts.
>>
>>             "You mentioned awhile back a concept of power
>>             multiplication through
>>             avalanche mode rather than resonance as the system could
>>             be much less
>>             finicky.  Could you elaborate on this concept?"
>>             The avalanche is like a solid state spark gap and happens
>>             very fast like in a few nsec or less.
>>             https://wiki2.org/en/Avalanche_transistor
>>
>>             Bipolar transistors optimized to be used in avalanche
>>             mode:
>>             https://www.diodes.com/products/discrete/bipolar-transistors/special-function-transistors/avalanche-transistors/
>>             Normal bipolar transistors aren't optimized for avalanche
>>             mode operation and their breakdown parameters may vary a
>>             lot even having the same type number. They'll still show
>>             the breakdown effect.
>>
>>             Understanding Power Transistors Breakdown Parameters:
>>             https://www.onsemi.com/pub/Collateral/AN1628-D.PDF
>>
>>             "It is interesting to note that during multipaction
>>             events much of the
>>             technology present is designed to limit the amplification
>>             event to
>>             prevent damage to the devices."
>>             If the device melts or explodes it's no longer useful.
>>             This is a good reason for limiting the effect. This means
>>             the current must be limited or cut off from the outside
>>             as the device can't do it after being triggered.
>>
>>             Regards
>>             Ole
>>
>>
>>
>>             --In [email protected]
>>             <mailto:[email protected]>, <mkjekyll@...>
>>             <mailto:mkjekyll@...> wrote :
>>
>>             Ole,
>>
>>             Can you explain how and if avalanche currents in certain
>>             transistors can
>>             mimic multipaction and the electron multiplication of
>>             secondary emission?
>>
>>             You mentioned awhile back a concept of power
>>             multiplication through
>>             avalanche mode rather than resonance as the system could
>>             be much less
>>             finicky.  Could you elaborate on this concept?
>>
>>             It is interesting to note that during multipaction events
>>             much of the
>>             technology present is designed to limit the amplification
>>             event to
>>             prevent damage to the devices.
>>
>>             Great data here:
>>
>>             https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Multipactor_effect
>>
>>             More intense version:
>>
>>             https://arxiv.org/ftp/arxiv/papers/1112/1112.2176.pdf
>
>

Avalanche rated transistors so don't have to hand select:

https://www.diodes.com/products/discrete/bipolar-transistors/special-function-transistors/avalanche-transistors/#tab-finder

Avalanche rated FET:

https://www.diodes.com/assets/App-Note-Files/zetex/an10.pdf

Avalanche energy:
https://www.diodes.com/assets/App-Note-Files/AN-1010A_App_Note.pdf

Nano and Picosecond rise time generators:
https://www.analog.com/media/en/technical-documentation/application-notes/an98f.pdf
Appendix A explains proper measurement techniques.

Anytime I hear "My scope shows..." I cringe, this explains why, as does
Appendix A above.

https://www.analog.com/media/en/technical-documentation/application-notes/an47fa.pdf

To measure 70ps rise time requires a 5+ GHz bandwidth scope.

Keysight's (Formerly Agilent, Formerly HP) new UXR1104A Infiniium
UXR-Series Oscilloscope. The most capable model has a 110 GHz
bandwidth and samples at up to 256 GSa/s - on each of four channels.
This means that in 10 ms it is full at max speed and bandwidth.

54 Minute long video of what is in it:

https://www.patreon.com/posts/keysight-uxr-bw-21602957

Price starts at $170,000 USD.
Fully loaded $1,300,000 USD.

https://literature.cdn.keysight.com/litweb/pdf/5992-3132EN.pdf

On Sat, Dec 29, 2018 at 9:54 AM Norman Wootan <[email protected]> wrote:

> The problem that we have is in that this energy is Magneto-Electric, Neutral Spike, EMP and does not follow conventional accepted rules and Laws.

Can be summed up in the words "Field Shaping".

Book:

https://www.worldscientific.com/worldscibooks/10.1142/6693

"Topological Foundations of Electromagnetism seeks a fundamental
understanding of the dynamics of electromagnetism; and marshals the
evidence that in certain precisely defined topological conditions,
electromagnetic theory (Maxwell's theory) must be extended or
generalized in order to provide an explanation and understanding of,
until now, unusual electromagnetic phenomena. Key to this
generalization is an understanding of the circumstances under which
the so-called A potential fields have physical effects. Basic to the
approach taken is that the topological composition of electromagnetic
fields is the fundamental conditioner of the dynamics of these fields.
The treatment of electromagnetism from, first, a topological
perspective, continuing through group theory and gauge theory, to a
differential calculus description is a major thread of the book.
Suggestions for potential new technologies based on this new
understanding and approach to conditional electromagnetism are also
given.

Sample Chapter(s)
Chapter 1: Electromagnetic Phenomena Not Explained by Maxwell's
Equations260 (437 KB)


Contents:

Electromagnetic Phenomena Not Explained by Maxwell's Equations
The Sagnac Effect: A Consequence of Conservation of Action Due to
Gauge Field Global Conformal Invariance in a Multiply Joined Topology
of Coherent Fields
Topological Approaches to Electromagnetism"

https://arxiv.org/ftp/arxiv/papers/1512/1512.04396.pdf

On 12/29/2018 9:19 AM, Bob Paddock [email protected] [EVGRAY] wrote:
> "Topological Foundations of Electromagnetism

Power factor in a sense is a side band FM modulation of the ac power carrier frequency ...as power factor shifts the phase angle so also the frequency ....

There! i threw the cinder block in the store front window ! 

that is how the RV virtual phase is created ! 


(H) 


 

---In [email protected], <onielsen@...> wrote :

 Hi Mick,

I didn't know that a spark gap creates FM modulation. But the secondary breakdown through the semiconducting crystal behaves like a spark gap with its negative resistance characteristic. The modulation must depend on the external circuit. The breakdown can be triggered by the base or just by reaching the breakdown voltage of the device.

Regards
Ole
 

---In [email protected], <mkjekyll@...> wrote :

 Ole, 

 Thanks for the good info.

 Do you know if a high speed avalanche transistor creates an FM modulation as does a spark gap?

 On 12/28/2018 2:16 PM, onielsen@... mailto:onielsen@... [EVGRAY] wrote:

   Hi Mick,
 
 "Can you explain how and if avalanche currents in certain transistors can
 mimic multipaction and the electron multiplication of secondary emission?"
 The second breakdown https://wiki2.org/en/Second_breakdown#Secondary_breakdown acts like an avalanche that can't be stopped except by disrupting the current from outside the transistor. The first breakdown is kind of like the Zener effect while the secondary breakdown is a negative resistance characteristic where the transistor shorts.
 
 "You mentioned awhile back a concept of power multiplication through
 avalanche mode rather than resonance as the system could be much less
 finicky.  Could you elaborate on this concept?"
 The avalanche is like a solid state spark gap and happens very fast like in a few nsec or less.
 https://wiki2.org/en/Avalanche_transistor https://wiki2.org/en/Avalanche_transistor
 
 Bipolar transistors optimized to be used in avalanche mode: https://www.diodes.com/products/discrete/bipolar-transistors/special-function-transistors/avalanche-transistors/ https://www.diodes.com/products/discrete/bipolar-transistors/special-function-transistors/avalanche-transistors/
 Normal bipolar transistors aren't optimized for avalanche mode operation and their breakdown parameters may vary a lot even having the same type number. They'll still show the breakdown effect.
 
 Understanding Power Transistors Breakdown Parameters: https://www.onsemi.com/pub/Collateral/AN1628-D.PDF https://www.onsemi.com/pub/Collateral/AN1628-D.PDF
 
 "It is interesting to note that during multipaction events much of the
 technology present is designed to limit the amplification event to
 prevent damage to the devices."
 If the device melts or explodes it's no longer useful. This is a good reason for limiting the effect. This means the current must be limited or cut off from the outside as the device can't do it after being triggered.
 
 Regards
 Ole

 
 
 --In [email protected] mailto:[email protected], <mkjekyll@...> mailto:mkjekyll@... wrote :
 
 Ole,
 
 Can you explain how and if avalanche currents in certain transistors can
 mimic multipaction and the electron multiplication of secondary emission?
 
 You mentioned awhile back a concept of power multiplication through
 avalanche mode rather than resonance as the system could be much less
 finicky.  Could you elaborate on this concept?
 
 It is interesting to note that during multipaction events much of the
 technology present is designed to limit the amplification event to
 prevent damage to the devices.
 
 Great data here:
 
 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Multipactor_effect https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Multipactor_effect
 
 More intense version:
 
 https://arxiv.org/ftp/arxiv/papers/1112/1112.2176.pdf https://arxiv.org/ftp/arxiv/papers/1112/1112.2176.pdf

why bother is you got EASER  Electron Amplification by Secondary  Emission of Radiation within the RV and Ferroresonant transformers and transverters ? 

why re-engineer the simple into a not even God can replicate demon owned only technology ? 


Multipaction is a fancy word for gunning  , alike the reversing of a motor suddenly backwards to create  a neutral spike or consecutively step discharging a capacitor into a coil wile the coil is discharging to multiply the current (read EV Gray patent ) Read Normans Neutral spike papers 

its a common effect we find in spark gaps as the load de-phases from the source pulses due to differentials in impedance matching causes by connection & disconnection of the spark gap discharges .

so keep it simple ! 

ARK Ω ©


(H) 

---In [email protected], <onielsen@...> wrote :

 Hi Mick,

"Can you explain how and if avalanche currents in certain transistors can
 mimic multipaction and the electron multiplication of secondary emission?"
The second breakdown https://wiki2.org/en/Second_breakdown#Secondary_breakdown acts like an avalanche that can't be stopped except by disrupting the current from outside the transistor. The first breakdown is kind of like the Zener effect while the secondary breakdown is a negative resistance characteristic where the transistor shorts.

"You mentioned awhile back a concept of power multiplication through
 avalanche mode rather than resonance as the system could be much less
 finicky.  Could you elaborate on this concept?"
The avalanche is like a solid state spark gap and happens very fast like in a few nsec or less.
https://wiki2.org/en/Avalanche_transistor https://wiki2.org/en/Avalanche_transistor

Bipolar transistors optimized to be used in avalanche mode: https://www.diodes.com/products/discrete/bipolar-transistors/special-function-transistors/avalanche-transistors/ https://www.diodes.com/products/discrete/bipolar-transistors/special-function-transistors/avalanche-transistors/
Normal bipolar transistors aren't optimized for avalanche mode operation and their breakdown parameters may vary a lot even having the same type number. They'll still show the breakdown effect.

Understanding Power Transistors Breakdown Parameters: https://www.onsemi.com/pub/Collateral/AN1628-D.PDF https://www.onsemi.com/pub/Collateral/AN1628-D.PDF

"It is interesting to note that during multipaction events much of the
 technology present is designed to limit the amplification event to
 prevent damage to the devices."
If the device melts or explodes it's no longer useful. This is a good reason for limiting the effect. This means the current must be limited or cut off from the outside as the device can't do it after being triggered.

Regards
Ole
 

---In [email protected], <mkjekyll@...> wrote :

 Ole,
 
 Can you explain how and if avalanche currents in certain transistors can
 mimic multipaction and the electron multiplication of secondary emission?
 
 You mentioned awhile back a concept of power multiplication through
 avalanche mode rather than resonance as the system could be much less
 finicky.  Could you elaborate on this concept?
 
 It is interesting to note that during multipaction events much of the
 technology present is designed to limit the amplification event to
 prevent damage to the devices.
 
 Great data here:
 
 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Multipactor_effect https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Multipactor_effect
 
 More intense version:
 
 https://arxiv.org/ftp/arxiv/papers/1112/1112.2176.pdf https://arxiv.org/ftp/arxiv/papers/1112/1112.2176.pdf

HectorHave you ever heard of wearing pearls in front of swine?I have to sort of blink, and go "Duh?"
with your heroic cinder block toss, because I am not sure exactly what you are talking about, except, where the extra energy, we find coming out of the RV, is coming from?The side band carrier wave of a frequency modulated transmitter?There are lots of words there.Let us look what we are doing.We take a 5 amp 12 volt lead acid battery and connect a 12 volt to 120 volt ac inverter to it, producing 125 watts of 120 ac?(of course you can't start a 3 hp RV on that supply, you get it up to speed using the grid, then switch over, while at 1780 rpm) now tuning the RV capacitors to the least draw, say, 200ma@ 120 volts?Now on your capacitor circuit you have a single pole single throw switch shunted off in series.Also connected to the terminals of that same switch, is a multi purpose hardware store transformer primary pair of wires.While the RV is at full speed, you open the shunted switch, putting the primary windings into the capacitance circuit of the RV.In the numerous secondary options of that transformer, there is a 12.8 volts, measured, coming out.Put a bridge diode rectifier on that turning the ac, to dc.Put a dc load on that secondary, tuning your capacitance running the RV to minimum amperage draw.( this pre-supposes that you have made a good, well built, capacitor tuning box, with proper switches, and hard wired, rather than screwing about with jumpers, and alligator clips!)You then find you put in from the battery 1.5 amps, at 12 volts dc, and get 2.5 amps dc 12 volts dc, at the load.So where is this FM sideband coming out of? And what do you mean by that, anyway.Remember, you are not just talking to me, you are addressing the world, so keep your explanation in small practical words, so others will understand, too.Cheers Warren
Sent from Yahoo Mail on Android 
 
  On Sat, 29 Dec 2018 at 7:52 AM, [email protected] [EVGRAY]<[email protected]> wrote:       
Power factor in a sense is a side band FM modulation of the ac power carrier frequency ...as power factor shifts the phase angle so also the frequency ....

There! i threw the cinder block in the store front window ! 

that is how the RV virtual phase is created ! 


(H) 





---In [email protected], <onielsen@...> wrote :

Hi Mick,

I didn't know that a spark gap creates FM modulation. But the secondary breakdown through the semiconducting crystal behaves like a spark gap with its negative resistance characteristic. The modulation must depend on the external circuit. The breakdown can be triggered by the base or just by reaching the breakdown voltage of the device.

Regards
Ole


---In [email protected], <mkjekyll@...> wrote :


Ole, 


Thanks for the good info.


Do you know if a high speed avalanche transistor creates an FMmodulation as does a spark gap?

On 12/28/2018 2:16 PM,onielsen@... [EVGRAY] wrote:



 
Hi Mick,

"Can you explain how and ifavalanche currents in certain transistors can
mimic multipaction and the electron multiplication ofsecondary emission?"
The second breakdown acts like anavalanche that can't be stopped except by disrupting thecurrent from outside the transistor. The first breakdownis kind of like the Zener effect while the secondarybreakdown is a negative resistance characteristic wherethe transistor shorts.

"You mentioned awhile back aconcept of power multiplication through
avalanche mode rather than resonance as the systemcould be much less
finicky.  Could you elaborate on this concept?"
The avalanche is like a solid state spark gap and happensvery fast like in a few nsec or less.
https://wiki2.org/en/Avalanche_transistor

Bipolar transistors optimized to be used in avalanchemode: https://www.diodes.com/products/discrete/bipolar-transistors/special-function-transistors/avalanche-transistors/
Normal bipolar transistors aren't optimized for avalanchemode operation and their breakdown parameters may vary alot even having the same type number. They'll still showthe breakdown effect.

Understanding Power Transistors Breakdown Parameters: https://www.onsemi.com/pub/Collateral/AN1628-D.PDF

"It is interesting to notethat during multipaction events much of the
technology present is designed to limit theamplification event to
prevent damage to the devices."
If the device melts or explodes it's no longer useful.This is a good reason for limiting the effect. This meansthe current must be limited or cut off from the outside asthe device can't do it after being triggered.

Regards
Ole



--In [email protected], <mkjekyll@...> wrote :

Ole,

Can you explain how and if avalanche currents in certaintransistors can
mimic multipaction and the electron multiplication ofsecondary emission?

You mentioned awhile back a concept of powermultiplication through
avalanche mode rather than resonance as the system couldbe much less
finicky.  Could you elaborate on this concept?

It is interesting to note that during multipactionevents much of the
technology present is designed to limit theamplification event to
prevent damage to the devices.

Great data here:

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Multipactor_effect

More intense version:

https://arxiv.org/ftp/arxiv/papers/1112/1112.2176.pdf


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Teslas balls were small , you need larger balls ! he had a long shaft but his balls were too small!

Here try to digest this ! https://www.google.com/search?q=spherical+antenna+calculations+&ie=utf-8&oe=utf-8&client=firefox-b https://www.google.com/search?q=spherical+antenna+calculations+&ie=utf-8&oe=utf-8&client=firefox-b



(H)

Hector, do you like both your balls the same size?  I am sure Tesla had
many different sizes of balls besides in the picture but your right the
30" ball for 45-150 kH seems a bit diminutive, though I don't consider
myself educated enough to second guess Tesla.  Perhaps with the liquid
switching he was engineering for super fast rise times rather than the CW.

On the other side he had another ball and a hoist on a slight angle in
order to tune his balls to wavelength though one of his balls always
hung lower, quite the rantallion.

A lot of those calcs assume a ground plane, anyways I was not looking
for a bunch of integrals and differentials to slog through, just a quick
to the point Hector summation.  Thanks though.


On 12/29/2018 9:00 PM, [email protected] [EVGRAY] wrote:
>  
>
> Image result for tesla colorado springs lab pictures,
> Teslas balls were small , you need larger balls ! he had a long shaft
> but his balls were too small!
>
> Here try to digest this !
> https://www.google.com/search?q=spherical+antenna+calculations+&ie=utf-8&oe=utf-8&client=firefox-b
>
>
>
> (H)
>
>

True he had a lot of balls to play with,even a winch to raise and lower one .Teslas life was full of balls the problem is most people are in denial of their existence even having the truth at face ! 

I reached the conclusion Tesla balls were too small i just need someone with balls and money to fund this projects properly .....my balls definitely will be larger that Teslas and the long shaft goes sunk deed into the earth to impregnate in with scalar waves ! 

 


(H) 

---In [email protected], <mkjekyll@...> wrote :

 Hector, do you like both your balls the same size?  I am sure Tesla had many different sizes of balls besides in the picture but your right the 30" ball for 45-150 kH seems a bit diminutive, though I don't consider myself educated enough to second guess Tesla.  Perhaps with the liquid switching he was engineering for super fast rise times rather than the CW.
 On the other side he had another ball and a hoist on a slight angle in order to tune his balls to wavelength though one of his balls always hung lower, quite the rantallion.
 
 A lot of those calcs assume a ground plane, anyways I was not looking for a bunch of integrals and differentials to slog through, just a quick to the point Hector summation.  Thanks though.
 
 
 
 On 12/29/2018 9:00 PM, arkresearch@... mailto:arkresearch@... [EVGRAY] wrote:
 
   ,
 Teslas balls were small , you need larger balls ! he had a long shaft but his balls were too small!
 
 Here try to digest this ! https://www.google.com/search?q=spherical+antenna+calculations+&ie=utf-8&oe=utf-8&client=firefox-b https://www.google.com/search?q=spherical+antenna+calculations+&ie=utf-8&oe=utf-8&client=firefox-b
 
 
 
 (H)