Body
Since it was mentioned in the reddit article:
https://books.google.com/books/about/The_Ultimate_Reality.html?id=ySsNiCPUPecC
On 1/12/2019 6:28 AM, Norman Wootan [email protected] [EVGRAY] wrote:
>
> Glad you asked there Mick for almost all of us have our copies of
> Joseph Cater's Book, Awesome Life Force in which he uses the terms
> Hard Electrons vs Soft Electrons. The Scientific Community take a dim
> view of publications such as this BUT teach, even at MIT that there
> are hard vs Soft electrons??
>
> See;
> https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/6twjgw/eli5_what_are_soft_and_hard_electrons/
>
> MIT lecture on Superposition:
> https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lZ3bPUKo5zc&feature=youtu.be
>
> https://www.diffen.com/difference/Electric_Field_vs_Magnetic_Field
>
> To sum up this whole argument, this article says it best
> https://www.differencebetween.com/difference-between-static-and-vs-dynamic-electricity/
> If it is moving (dynamic) they are hard electrons and carry a magnetic
> field and electric field. If they are standing still, (no movement)
> they are Soft Electrons. Moving charges create fields. You can
> charge a large capacitor via an influence machine (electrostatic
> generator) and as long as the charge is at rest state, it is static
> electricity. When you discharge the capacitor, the resultant moving of
> charge (dynamic) creates the fields due to moving charge. This is how
> I see it.
>
> https://www.plasma-universe.com/Plasma_classification_(types_of_plasma)
>
> I had a friend, Leonard Dorsett that lived at Grapevine, TX by the
> lake. In the evening, just at dusk, the metal roof of his house would
> glow due to a strange ionization soft plasma. We never figured out
> this phenomenon.
>
> On 1/11/2019 8:09 PM, Mick [email protected] wrote:
>>
>> Norm,
>>
>> Could you please distill the concept of soft particles? I read the
>> Cater book and for some reason have a disconnect concerning what
>> defines a soft or hard electron etc.
>>
>> Thanks,
>>
>> Mick
>>
>>
>>
>> On 1/11/2019 9:28 AM, Norman Wootan [email protected] [EVGRAY] wrote:
>>>
>>> http://physics.tutorcircle.com/modern-physics/pair-production.html
>>>
>>>
>>> On 1/11/2019 7:15 AM, Norman Wootan [email protected] [EVGRAY] wrote:
>>>>
>>>> https://www.researchgate.net/publication/225697264_A_standing_wave_acoustic_levitation_system_for_large_planar_objects
>>>>
>>>>
>>>> Ja Brink & John ,"Thanks for your comments"! Since I went to
>>>> Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University and am a dual rated aviator
>>>> (rotary wing), I concur with your observation regarding the lift
>>>> multiplication with multiple "counter rotating" rotors for this is
>>>> where the "pair production" of vortices happens which gives an
>>>> order of magnitude gross lift.
>>>>
>>>> Having studied the large beetles (Rhinobeetle) it is interesting to
>>>> watch in slow motion video, them first cam forward and outward and
>>>> lock their Elytra (Wing cover shell) "no lift yet", then start
>>>> rotary wing motion which activates the micro cavity structure
>>>> (under side of Elyton) then take off with surprising ease! The
>>>> anomalous lift is induced by the wing motion air currents under the
>>>> shells. "Pure and simple"! Look at the video and please note
>>>> several Elyton (shells) laying on table "cup side down" and are not
>>>> "hovering". They are not "glued down to table top" so if the
>>>> "static" lift theory were valid they could not simply lie there
>>>> motionless! It takes the vortex air movement to create the eddy
>>>> flow which in-turn activates the AG effects the same as seen in
>>>> close proximity tornado vortex eddy air flows. Please see shells
>>>> laying cup side down here: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HW6uOW4aoJQ
>>>>
>>>> Dallas tornado 2005, semi trailers suspended in mid air! (outside
>>>> of tornado vortex). 53 ft. trailer weighing 12,000 #s
>>>>
>>>>
>>>> On 4/3/2017 9:52 PM, jabrinka [email protected] [EVGRAY] wrote:
>>>>> In the study of flight when using models to determine flight
>>>>> characteristics the models are typically smaller than the aircraft
>>>>> design being studied however the components that make up air
>>>>> remain the same size so... a smaller version will be operating in
>>>>> relatively more dense compressible fluid. This is known as scale
>>>>> effect. When a fish swings its tail to one side a vortex is
>>>>> created as a result. On the return swing the tail has the
>>>>> additional rotary motion (angular momentum) to push against as
>>>>> opposed to a stationary volume of fluid resulting in extra thrust.
>>>>> This explains the increased efficiency of multiple rotors on an
>>>>> aircraft drone or otherwise.
>>>>> On the lungan mousetrap buzzer thread, sometime ago 2007ish on
>>>>> this forum a member Gary (the Skipper ) had a design for a long
>>>>> coil with em/back emf collecting coils along its length. I had
>>>>> almost finished my reproduction when the latest spook showed up
>>>>> with several wild geese for me to chase. Lost my house and havent
>>>>> made another coil yet. The buzzer kickback Norm mentioned spelled
>>>>> out for me how Ron Cole's electric car with all the clicking
>>>>> relays must have worked (before he was disappeared). Evidently
>>>>> grounding to the car frame was enough to make a neutral spike of
>>>>> sorts.. heh....heh. Best to all Ja Brink
>>>>>
>>>>
>>>> John! Watch this video and pay close attention to the "Bird in
>>>> flight part"! See: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dcNGwmV1Yio
>>>> "Vortex pair generation via leading edge feathers" allows bird to
>>>> land "vertically"!
>>>>
>>>>
>>>> On 4/3/2017 8:45 AM, Norman Wootan wrote:
>>>>
>>>> John: Sorry! I did not see any evidence of "lift" or anti-gravity
>>>> with "dead bug" parts! What are you referring to with the window
>>>> blind & glue??? I did not see this evidence?? My "pair production
>>>> of counter rotating vortices" is a "dynamic flow" situation and
>>>> contend that you do not have evidence of a "static" no air flow
>>>> lift situation! Please show me some evidence of a totally "static
>>>> lift". Sure! the movement of "Elytra" on a table top was shown as
>>>> false due to "electrostatic effects". I can walk across a
>>>> polyester carpet and pick up a pair of steel tweasers and make the
>>>> Elyton move about via electrostatic charge! Nothing conclusive
>>>> here! Show me a Elyton hovering in air "static, no air flow" over
>>>> the table, them I will be convinced! Sure there is the "AG" effect
>>>> when the wings of the bug provide the necessary circulating vortex
>>>> air flow within the micro cavities under the Elytra thus giving the
>>>> anomalous lift we all see as evidence that very large bugs,
>>>> rhinobeatles and bumblebees can achieve what the text books prove
>>>> cannot be done. "Fly"!
>>>>
>>>> Sometimes it is great to be able to go back and retreive messages
>>>> that are applicable to today's topics.
>>>>
>>>> On 1/11/2019 6:30 AM, Norman Wootan [email protected] [EVGRAY] wrote:
>>>>>
>>>>> Ok! folks, Ole has brought up a very interesting point when
>>>>> comparing the air mass, weather and the phenomenon of levitation,
>>>>> anti-gravity etc. Something that I have been wanting to bring up
>>>>> but the subject is a little far out of the mainstream thinking.
>>>>> Lets look at a profound statement here:
>>>>>
>>>>>
>>>>> Alfven quote:"If a conducting liquid is placed in a constant
>>>>> magnetic field, every motion of the liquid gives rise to an E.M.F.
>>>>> which produces electric currents. Owing to the magnetic field,
>>>>> these currents give mechanical forces which change the state of
>>>>> motion of the liquid. Thus a kind of combined
>>>>> electromagnetic-hydrodynamic wave is produced.^"
>>>>>
>>>>> ^
>>>>>
>>>>> ^
>>>>>
>>>>> ^Back when I posted the articles on electrostatic generators, I
>>>>> had stated that the 9th grade Science Class explanation for the
>>>>> source of the electrons was believed to be a shearing from the air
>>>>> as the device rotated, example Wimshurst Machine. WRONG. I gave
>>>>> you the example of the Felici Electrostatic Generator
>>>>> http://u2.lege.net/newebmasters.com__freeenergy/external_links_from_theverylastpageoftheinternet.com/highvoltage/HVgenerator/HVgenerator.htm
>>>>> Here we have a device that uses pure hydrogen gas at 30 bar
>>>>> pressure as the operating media and produces 2.5 KW at 300KV.
>>>>> CERN is operating an electrostatic generator that has a deep
>>>>> vacuum as the operating media. ?? Ole's example of air is
>>>>> interesting for we have discussed tornadoes and how we observe
>>>>> Anti-gravitic phenomenon at the vortex base due to the counter
>>>>> rotating, vortex-anti vortex eddy currents in which we get the
>>>>> Alfven example of Electromagnetic-hydrodynamics. We see this same
>>>>> example in the Sonodiffuser with the production of the micro
>>>>> cavitation production of vortex-counter vortex producing the
>>>>> photon burst. Air when ionized is a highly conductive fluid as
>>>>> is water.
>>>>>
>>>>>
>>>>> ^
>>>>>
>>>>> ^With a background education in Aerodynamics, I studied the
>>>>> subject as thoroughly as possible an came away with a different
>>>>> Theory. See: https://www.mpoweruk.com/flight_theory.htm.
>>>>> Bernoulli's Principle and Newton's Law of motion do not complete
>>>>> the puzzle. In wind tunnel testing of airfoils, little turfs of
>>>>> string are attached at thousands of points on the upper, lift
>>>>> producing areas of the wing. There is clear evidence that micro
>>>>> vertices are produced along with the counter vertices and we get a
>>>>> gross production of the anti-gravitic effects as we see in the
>>>>> tornado example. See, I told you that this fly's way outside of
>>>>> mainstream thinking. The more we examine the evidence, new
>>>>> conclusions spring forth. Thank You Ole for your question opens
>>>>> a whole new approach into all thing that perturb the Aether.
>>>>>
>>>>> On 1/10/2019 8:40 PM, [email protected] [EVGRAY] wrote:
>>>>>>
>>>>>> Hi Norman,
>>>>>>
>>>>>> When looking at a weather map showing the air pressure wind speed
>>>>>> or temperature as field lines does that really mean that air is
>>>>>> made up of field lines or just being some mathematical construct?
>>>>>> What if the air is made up of small particles only connected when
>>>>>> bouncing into each other. The particles then could transfer
>>>>>> forces just like electric and magnetic fields or gravitational
>>>>>> fields. T.J.J. See
>>>>>> (https://wiki2.org/en/Thomas_Jefferson_Jackson_See) and C.A.
>>>>>> Bjérknes (https://wiki2.org/en/Carl_Anton_Bjerknes) demonstrated
>>>>>> that the same laws applied no matter what medium was used and
>>>>>> thus concluded that there must be some aether behaving like gases
>>>>>> or liquids. The same conclusion is made by the Rhythmodynamics
>>>>>> theory: http://mirit.ru/rd_2007en.htm.
>>>>>>
>>>>>> Even gravity is united into those kind of theories but still
>>>>>> missing in classical electromagnetism. Here is a video showing
>>>>>> levitating objects using sound waves in air: Present: "Levitation
>>>>>> in a Sound Standing Wave" (11 khz):
>>>>>> https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HIi5tUupH9c (3:35). Even though
>>>>>> the sound waves may be described by using field lines I don't see
>>>>>> this really describing air or sound as being made of field lines.
>>>>>> It's just a mathematical construct that can be broken down to
>>>>>> something even smaller. Field lines are very useful in describing
>>>>>> a field except when the field lines become discontinuous at some
>>>>>> intersections.
>>>>>>
>>>>>> "https://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/30fari/what_is_a_magnetic_field_made_of/
>>>>>> Interesting note here "Take the magnetic field created by the
>>>>>> earth for example. This field is very big. If virtual photons can
>>>>>> travel all the way around the field in a time shorter than planck
>>>>>> time, aren't they moving faster than the speed of light?" Ah Ha!
>>>>>> Super Light, Super luminal velocities."
>>>>>> This may actually be the case. W.B. Smith couldn't measure any
>>>>>> delay in the propagation of his tensor beam. His theory tells
>>>>>> that it carries time along with its length and thus is at the
>>>>>> same time along its length. What is considered empty space by
>>>>>> most of science actually has the physical constants of
>>>>>> permittivity of vacuum and permeability of vacuum as if there is
>>>>>> still something physical there? The theories that take this into
>>>>>> account are probably more correct than the ones dismissing such
>>>>>> facts. According to the theory of Rhythmodynamics there are
>>>>>> different modes of wave propagation like longitudinal waves
>>>>>> behaving like transverse waves at some distance from the emitters
>>>>>> which could be why light and other electromagnetic waves are seen
>>>>>> as transverse electromagnetic waves.
>>>>>>
>>>>>> We may be living in several different densities that propagates
>>>>>> signals at each their own speed. Glass water air and vacuum have
>>>>>> each their own density and speed of propagating electromagnetic
>>>>>> waves. Perhaps there are even less densities than the ones we
>>>>>> know. John W. Keely claimed that this is the case.
>>>>>>
>>>>>> Regards
>>>>>> Ole
>>>>>>
>>>>>>
>>>>>>
>>>>>>
>>>>>> ---In [email protected], <nwootan@...> wrote :
>>>>>>
>>>>>> https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=p4gCTmlm5RQ
>>>>>>
>>>>>> On 1/10/2019 6:21 PM, Norman Wootan nwootan@...
>>>>>> <mailto:nwootan@...> [EVGRAY] wrote:
>>>>>>
>>>>>>> Lets look at the actual make up of the magnetic flux lines.
>>>>>>> https://van.physics.illinois.edu/qa/listing.php?id=414
>>>>>>>
>>>>>>> https://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/30fari/what_is_a_magnetic_field_made_of/
>>>>>>> Interesting note here "Take the magnetic field created by
>>>>>>> the earth for example. This field is very big. If virtual
>>>>>>> photons can travel all the way around the field in a time
>>>>>>> shorter than planck time, aren't they moving faster than the
>>>>>>> speed of light?" Ah Ha! Super Light, Super luminal
>>>>>>> velocities.
>>>>>>>
>>>>>>> https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cYA0bntrjsk&feature=youtu.be
>>>>>>>
>>>>>>> https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3P-FGw5KUeo&feature=youtu.be
>>>>>>>
>>>>>>> https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=crfY2vzVMbI&feature=youtu.be
>>>>>>>
>>>>>>> https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rst9EcF9ryk&feature=youtu.be
>>>>>>>
>>>>>>> https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hk1cOffTgdk&feature=youtu.be
>>>>>>> The Best!
>>>>>>>
>>>>>>> On 1/10/2019 4:55 PM, Norman Wootan wrote:
>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>> Thank You, Bert Pool for this new soc.
>>>>>>>> https://scienceblog.com/505176/scientists-inch-closer-to-fusion-energy-with-discovery-of-a-process-that-stabilizes-plasmas/
>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>> On 1/10/2019 7:58 AM, Norman Wootan nwootan@...
>>>>>>>> <mailto:nwootan@...> [EVGRAY] wrote:
>>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>>> Alfvén wave
>>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>>> An *Alfvén wave* is a wave that occurs in a plasma
>>>>>>>>> <https://www.plasma-universe.com/Plasma> (or conducting
>>>>>>>>> fluid), resulting from the interaction of the magnetic
>>>>>>>>> fields and electric currents
>>>>>>>>> <https://www.plasma-universe.com/Electric_current> within
>>>>>>>>> it, causing an oscillation of the ions. Alfvén wrote in a
>>>>>>>>> letter to the journal /Nature/ in 1942:
>>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>>> "If a conducting liquid is placed in a constant
>>>>>>>>> magnetic field, every motion of the liquid gives rise
>>>>>>>>> to an E.M.F. which produces electric currents. Owing
>>>>>>>>> to the magnetic field, these currents give mechanical
>>>>>>>>> forces which change the state of motion of the liquid.
>>>>>>>>> Thus a kind of combined electromagnetic-hydrodynamic
>>>>>>>>> wave is produced."^[1]
>>>>>>>>> <https://www.plasma-universe.com/Alfv%C3%A9n_wave#cite_note-alfven1942-1>
>>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>>> Alfvén waves initiated the field of magnetohydrodynamics
>>>>>>>>> <https://www.plasma-universe.com/Magnetohydrodynamics>
>>>>>>>>> which subsequently earned Alfvén a Nobel Prize.
>>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>>> Put some thought behind this statement "A conductive
>>>>>>>>> liquid"!!
>>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>>> On 1/10/2019 7:41 AM, Norman Wootan wrote:
>>>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>>>> https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hannes_Alfv%C3%A9n Please
>>>>>>>>>> read this mans research and see how he was often rejected
>>>>>>>>>> by fellow physicists.
>>>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>>>> On 1/10/2019 7:31 AM, Norman Wootan wrote:
>>>>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>>>>> http://aa.springer.de/papers/7324002/2300449.pdf Still
>>>>>>>>>>> researching the importance of the Alfven waves in plasma.
>>>>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>>>>> On 1/10/2019 6:51 AM, Norman Wootan wrote:
>>>>>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>>>>>> Moray, Jon Gentry and Warren asked pertinent questions
>>>>>>>>>>>> regarding velocities, magnetic flux etc. in plasma
>>>>>>>>>>>> events so I did a search as to whether Alfven waves
>>>>>>>>>>>> have a frequency. This site pretty well defines a lot
>>>>>>>>>>>> of plasma info that we need. See:
>>>>>>>>>>>> https://www.britannica.com/science/plasma-state-of-matter#ref507092
>>>>>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>>>>>> On 1/10/2019 6:29 AM, Warren Keillor
>>>>>>>>>>>> schoonersolsticemoon@...
>>>>>>>>>>>> <mailto:schoonersolsticemoon@...> [EVGRAY] wrote:
>>>>>>>>>>>>> Norman
>>>>>>>>>>>>> Hooper's work looks very compelling. At his time of
>>>>>>>>>>>>> experimentation, super conductors were not a reality
>>>>>>>>>>>>> as they are now. The fact that a resistance free
>>>>>>>>>>>>> conductor might accelerate a potential's velocity,
>>>>>>>>>>>>> after going through a resistor, suggests an analogy to
>>>>>>>>>>>>> fluid dynamics, much like Bernuili's principle
>>>>>>>>>>>>> application of a venturi to gases.
>>>>>>>>>>>>> The idea of dielectric conductors is a mind smasher,
>>>>>>>>>>>>> inverting our entire circuit thoughts.
>>>>>>>>>>>>> Generally, pretty radical concepts, in a zone to set
>>>>>>>>>>>>> us up for quantum physics thinking. Whew!
>>>>>>>>>>>>> Cheers Warren
>>>>>>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>>>>>>> Sent from Yahoo Mail on Android
>>>>>>>>>>>>> <https://go.onelink.me/107872968?pid=InProduct&c=Global_Internal_YGrowth_AndroidEmailSig__AndroidUsers&af_wl=ym&af_sub1=Internal&af_sub2=Global_YGrowth&af_sub3=EmailSignature>
>>>>>>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>>>>>>> On Wed, 9 Jan 2019 at 3:17 PM, Norman Wootan
>>>>>>>>>>>>> nwootan@... <mailto:nwootan@...> [EVGRAY]
>>>>>>>>>>>>> <[email protected]>
>>>>>>>>>>>>> <mailto:[email protected]> wrote:
>>>>>>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>>>>>>> Good question Warren! Nobody really knows how the
>>>>>>>>>>>>> potential and current manifest in the conductor
>>>>>>>>>>>>> passing through a flux field. Your question is
>>>>>>>>>>>>> valid cause there very well may be some sort of
>>>>>>>>>>>>> reconnect occurring here. Theory was, that the
>>>>>>>>>>>>> flux field was photon stream which enabled pairing
>>>>>>>>>>>>> to produce electrons and attending current. There
>>>>>>>>>>>>> is still so much that we don't know but things are
>>>>>>>>>>>>> getting interesting. Read that last doc that I
>>>>>>>>>>>>> posted for it is very enlightening on this
>>>>>>>>>>>>> subject. See:
>>>>>>>>>>>>> http://www.tfcbooks.com/mall/more/temp/x565-hen.htm
>>>>>>>>>>>>> This is one of Oles favorites.
>>>>>>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>>>>>>> On 1/9/2019 9:09 AM, Warren Keillor
>>>>>>>>>>>>> schoonersolsticemoon@...
>>>>>>>>>>>>> <mailto:schoonersolsticemoon@...> [EVGRAY] wrote:
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>>>>>>>> Norman
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>>>>>>>> I wonder if, in a down to earth , practical
>>>>>>>>>>>>>> manner, the connect/re-connect plays a role in,
>>>>>>>>>>>>>> for instance, the Kromery, where one slides the
>>>>>>>>>>>>>> magnets at right angles to their locked together
>>>>>>>>>>>>>> state.
>>>>>>>>>>>>>> Initially, I need both hands to grasp the
>>>>>>>>>>>>>> flywheel to turn my Kromery.
>>>>>>>>>>>>>> Once turning, one finger's friction on the rim,
>>>>>>>>>>>>>> easily rotates the flywheel, regardless of the load.
>>>>>>>>>>>>>> Too fast, then eddy currents start warming the
>>>>>>>>>>>>>> magnetic coil cores.
>>>>>>>>>>>>>> Are we cutting those magnetic lines?
>>>>>>>>>>>>>> Cheers Warren
>>>>>>>>>>>>>> Sent from Yahoo Mail on Android
>>>>>>>>>>>>>> <https://go.onelink.me/107872968?pid=InProduct&c=Global_Internal_YGrowth_AndroidEmailSig__AndroidUsers&af_wl=ym&af_sub1=Internal&af_sub2=Global_YGrowth&af_sub3=EmailSignature>
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>>>>>>>> On Wed, 9 Jan 2019 at 9:25 AM, Norman Wootan
>>>>>>>>>>>>>> nwootan@... <mailto:nwootan@...> [EVGRAY]
>>>>>>>>>>>>>> <[email protected]>
>>>>>>>>>>>>>> <mailto:[email protected]> wrote:
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>>>>>>>> http://young.caltech.edu/Collisionless_Magnetic_Reconnection.html
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>>>>>>>> On 1/9/2019 8:21 AM, Norman Wootan wrote:
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> https://phys.org/news/2017-10-hidden-mechanics-magnetic-field-reconnection.html
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> On 1/9/2019 8:14 AM, Norman Wootan wrote:
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> https://gss.pppl.gov/talks/reconnection%20lecture%201.pdf
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> On 1/9/2019 8:09 AM, Norman Wootan wrote:
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007%2F978-94-009-0545-0_14
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> Recent
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> Developments
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> in
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> the
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> Theory
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> of
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> Magnetic
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> Reconnection
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> Dieter
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> Biskamp
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> Max-Planck-Institut
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> fiir
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> Plasmaphysik
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> 8046
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> Garching
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> bei
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> Miinchen,
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> Federal
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> Republic
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> of
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> Germany
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> Abstract
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> The
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> talk
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> briefly
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> reviews
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> previous
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> stationary
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> models,
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> mainly
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> configurations
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> of
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> the
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> Petschek
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> type,
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> pointing
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> out
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> their
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> shortcomings
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> and
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> basic
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> failure
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> in
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> accounting
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> for
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> fast
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> magnetic
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> reconnection
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> in
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> the
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> limit
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> of
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> large
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> magnetic
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> Reynolds
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> number.
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> It
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> is
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> shown
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> that
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> in
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> this
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> limit
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> no
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> relevant
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> stationary
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> states
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> exist.
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> Instead
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> strong
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> small-scale
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> MHD
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> turbulence
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> develops
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> even
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> in
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> 2D
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> geometry,
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> giving
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> rise
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> to
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> energy
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> dissipation
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> and
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> reconnection
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> rates
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> independent
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> of
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> the
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> value
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> of
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> the
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> collisional
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> re-
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> sistivity.
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> I
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> Introduction
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> In
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> the
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> last
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> decade
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> it
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> has
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> been realized
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> that
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> the
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> presence
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> of
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> magnetic
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> fields
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> is
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> a
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> ubiquitous
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> phenomenon
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> in
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> cosmic
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> (Message over 64 KB, truncated)
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>
>>>
>