Body
Norm,
Could you please distill the concept of soft particles? I read the
Cater book and for some reason have a disconnect concerning what defines
a soft or hard electron etc.
Thanks,
Mick
On 1/11/2019 9:28 AM, Norman Wootan [email protected] [EVGRAY] wrote:
>
>
> http://physics.tutorcircle.com/modern-physics/pair-production.html
>
>
> On 1/11/2019 7:15 AM, Norman Wootan [email protected] [EVGRAY] wrote:
>>
>>
>> https://www.researchgate.net/publication/225697264_A_standing_wave_acoustic_levitation_system_for_large_planar_objects
>>
>>
>> Ja Brink & John ,"Thanks for your comments"! Since I went to
>> Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University and am a dual rated aviator
>> (rotary wing), I concur with your observation regarding the lift
>> multiplication with multiple "counter rotating" rotors for this is
>> where the "pair production" of vortices happens which gives an order
>> of magnitude gross lift.
>>
>> Having studied the large beetles (Rhinobeetle) it is interesting to
>> watch in slow motion video, them first cam forward and outward and
>> lock their Elytra (Wing cover shell) "no lift yet", then start
>> rotary wing motion which activates the micro cavity structure (under
>> side of Elyton) then take off with surprising ease! The anomalous
>> lift is induced by the wing motion air currents under the shells.
>> "Pure and simple"! Look at the video and please note several Elyton
>> (shells) laying on table "cup side down" and are not "hovering".
>> They are not "glued down to table top" so if the "static" lift theory
>> were valid they could not simply lie there motionless! It takes the
>> vortex air movement to create the eddy flow which in-turn activates
>> the AG effects the same as seen in close proximity tornado vortex
>> eddy air flows. Please see shells laying cup side down here:
>> https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HW6uOW4aoJQ
>>
>> Dallas tornado 2005, semi trailers suspended in mid air! (outside of
>> tornado vortex). 53 ft. trailer weighing 12,000 #s
>>
>>
>> On 4/3/2017 9:52 PM, jabrinka [email protected] [EVGRAY] wrote:
>>>
>>> In the study of flight when using models to determine flight
>>> characteristics the models are typically smaller than the aircraft
>>> design being studied however the components that make up air remain
>>> the same size so... a smaller version will be operating in
>>> relatively more dense compressible fluid. This is known as scale
>>> effect. When a fish swings its tail to one side a vortex is created
>>> as a result. On the return swing the tail has the additional rotary
>>> motion (angular momentum) to push against as opposed to a stationary
>>> volume of fluid resulting in extra thrust. This explains the
>>> increased efficiency of multiple rotors on an aircraft drone or
>>> otherwise.
>>> On the lungan mousetrap buzzer thread, sometime ago 2007ish on this
>>> forum a member Gary (the Skipper ) had a design for a long coil with
>>> em/back emf collecting coils along its length. I had almost finished
>>> my reproduction when the latest spook showed up with several wild
>>> geese for me to chase. Lost my house and havent made another coil
>>> yet. The buzzer kickback Norm mentioned spelled out for me how Ron
>>> Cole's electric car with all the clicking relays must have worked
>>> (before he was disappeared). Evidently grounding to the car frame
>>> was enough to make a neutral spike of sorts.. heh....heh. Best to
>>> all Ja Brink
>>>
>>
>> John! Watch this video and pay close attention to the "Bird in
>> flight part"! See: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dcNGwmV1Yio
>> "Vortex pair generation via leading edge feathers" allows bird to
>> land "vertically"!
>>
>>
>> On 4/3/2017 8:45 AM, Norman Wootan wrote:
>>
>> John: Sorry! I did not see any evidence of "lift" or anti-gravity
>> with "dead bug" parts! What are you referring to with the window
>> blind & glue??? I did not see this evidence?? My "pair production of
>> counter rotating vortices" is a "dynamic flow" situation and contend
>> that you do not have evidence of a "static" no air flow lift
>> situation! Please show me some evidence of a totally "static lift".
>> Sure! the movement of "Elytra" on a table top was shown as false due
>> to "electrostatic effects". I can walk across a polyester carpet and
>> pick up a pair of steel tweasers and make the Elyton move about via
>> electrostatic charge! Nothing conclusive here! Show me a Elyton
>> hovering in air "static, no air flow" over the table, them I will be
>> convinced! Sure there is the "AG" effect when the wings of the bug
>> provide the necessary circulating vortex air flow within the micro
>> cavities under the Elytra thus giving the anomalous lift we all see
>> as evidence that very large bugs, rhinobeatles and bumblebees can
>> achieve what the text books prove cannot be done. "Fly"!
>>
>> Sometimes it is great to be able to go back and retreive messages
>> that are applicable to today's topics.
>>
>> On 1/11/2019 6:30 AM, Norman Wootan [email protected] [EVGRAY] wrote:
>>>
>>>
>>> Ok! folks, Ole has brought up a very interesting point when
>>> comparing the air mass, weather and the phenomenon of levitation,
>>> anti-gravity etc. Something that I have been wanting to bring up but
>>> the subject is a little far out of the mainstream thinking. Lets
>>> look at a profound statement here:
>>>
>>>
>>> Alfven quote:"If a conducting liquid is placed in a constant
>>> magnetic field, every motion of the liquid gives rise to an E.M.F.
>>> which produces electric currents. Owing to the magnetic field, these
>>> currents give mechanical forces which change the state of motion of
>>> the liquid. Thus a kind of combined electromagnetic-hydrodynamic
>>> wave is produced.^"
>>>
>>> ^
>>>
>>> ^
>>>
>>> ^Back when I posted the articles on electrostatic generators, I had
>>> stated that the 9th grade Science Class explanation for the source
>>> of the electrons was believed to be a shearing from the air as the
>>> device rotated, example Wimshurst Machine. WRONG. I gave you the
>>> example of the Felici Electrostatic Generator
>>> http://u2.lege.net/newebmasters.com__freeenergy/external_links_from_theverylastpageoftheinternet.com/highvoltage/HVgenerator/HVgenerator.htm
>>> Here we have a device that uses pure hydrogen gas at 30 bar pressure
>>> as the operating media and produces 2.5 KW at 300KV. CERN is
>>> operating an electrostatic generator that has a deep vacuum as the
>>> operating media. ?? Ole's example of air is interesting for we
>>> have discussed tornadoes and how we observe Anti-gravitic phenomenon
>>> at the vortex base due to the counter rotating, vortex-anti vortex
>>> eddy currents in which we get the Alfven example of
>>> Electromagnetic-hydrodynamics. We see this same example in the
>>> Sonodiffuser with the production of the micro cavitation production
>>> of vortex-counter vortex producing the photon burst. Air when
>>> ionized is a highly conductive fluid as is water.
>>>
>>>
>>> ^
>>>
>>> ^With a background education in Aerodynamics, I studied the subject
>>> as thoroughly as possible an came away with a different Theory.
>>> See: https://www.mpoweruk.com/flight_theory.htm. Bernoulli's
>>> Principle and Newton's Law of motion do not complete the puzzle. In
>>> wind tunnel testing of airfoils, little turfs of string are attached
>>> at thousands of points on the upper, lift producing areas of the
>>> wing. There is clear evidence that micro vertices are produced
>>> along with the counter vertices and we get a gross production of the
>>> anti-gravitic effects as we see in the tornado example. See, I told
>>> you that this fly's way outside of mainstream thinking. The more
>>> we examine the evidence, new conclusions spring forth. Thank You
>>> Ole for your question opens a whole new approach into all thing that
>>> perturb the Aether.
>>>
>>>
>>>
>>> On 1/10/2019 8:40 PM, [email protected] [EVGRAY] wrote:
>>>>
>>>>
>>>> Hi Norman,
>>>>
>>>> When looking at a weather map showing the air pressure wind speed
>>>> or temperature as field lines does that really mean that air is
>>>> made up of field lines or just being some mathematical construct?
>>>> What if the air is made up of small particles only connected when
>>>> bouncing into each other. The particles then could transfer forces
>>>> just like electric and magnetic fields or gravitational fields.
>>>> T.J.J. See (https://wiki2.org/en/Thomas_Jefferson_Jackson_See) and
>>>> C.A. Bjérknes (https://wiki2.org/en/Carl_Anton_Bjerknes)
>>>> demonstrated that the same laws applied no matter what medium was
>>>> used and thus concluded that there must be some aether behaving
>>>> like gases or liquids. The same conclusion is made by the
>>>> Rhythmodynamics theory: http://mirit.ru/rd_2007en.htm.
>>>>
>>>> Even gravity is united into those kind of theories but still
>>>> missing in classical electromagnetism. Here is a video showing
>>>> levitating objects using sound waves in air: Present: "Levitation
>>>> in a Sound Standing Wave" (11 khz):
>>>> https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HIi5tUupH9c (3:35). Even though
>>>> the sound waves may be described by using field lines I don't see
>>>> this really describing air or sound as being made of field lines.
>>>> It's just a mathematical construct that can be broken down to
>>>> something even smaller. Field lines are very useful in describing a
>>>> field except when the field lines become discontinuous at some
>>>> intersections.
>>>>
>>>> "https://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/30fari/what_is_a_magnetic_field_made_of/
>>>> Interesting note here "Take the magnetic field created by the
>>>> earth for example. This field is very big. If virtual photons can
>>>> travel all the way around the field in a time shorter than planck
>>>> time, aren't they moving faster than the speed of light?" Ah Ha!
>>>> Super Light, Super luminal velocities."
>>>> This may actually be the case. W.B. Smith couldn't measure any
>>>> delay in the propagation of his tensor beam. His theory tells that
>>>> it carries time along with its length and thus is at the same time
>>>> along its length. What is considered empty space by most of science
>>>> actually has the physical constants of permittivity of vacuum and
>>>> permeability of vacuum as if there is still something physical
>>>> there? The theories that take this into account are probably more
>>>> correct than the ones dismissing such facts. According to the
>>>> theory of Rhythmodynamics there are different modes of wave
>>>> propagation like longitudinal waves behaving like transverse waves
>>>> at some distance from the emitters which could be why light and
>>>> other electromagnetic waves are seen as transverse electromagnetic
>>>> waves.
>>>>
>>>> We may be living in several different densities that propagates
>>>> signals at each their own speed. Glass water air and vacuum have
>>>> each their own density and speed of propagating electromagnetic
>>>> waves. Perhaps there are even less densities than the ones we know.
>>>> John W. Keely claimed that this is the case.
>>>>
>>>> Regards
>>>> Ole
>>>>
>>>>
>>>>
>>>>
>>>> ---In [email protected], <nwootan@...> wrote :
>>>>
>>>> https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=p4gCTmlm5RQ
>>>>
>>>> On 1/10/2019 6:21 PM, Norman Wootan nwootan@...
>>>> <mailto:nwootan@...> [EVGRAY] wrote:
>>>>
>>>>>
>>>>>
>>>>> Lets look at the actual make up of the magnetic flux lines.
>>>>> https://van.physics.illinois.edu/qa/listing.php?id=414
>>>>>
>>>>> https://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/30fari/what_is_a_magnetic_field_made_of/
>>>>> Interesting note here "Take the magnetic field created by the
>>>>> earth for example. This field is very big. If virtual photons
>>>>> can travel all the way around the field in a time shorter than
>>>>> planck time, aren't they moving faster than the speed of
>>>>> light?" Ah Ha! Super Light, Super luminal velocities.
>>>>>
>>>>> https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cYA0bntrjsk&feature=youtu.be
>>>>>
>>>>> https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3P-FGw5KUeo&feature=youtu.be
>>>>>
>>>>> https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=crfY2vzVMbI&feature=youtu.be
>>>>>
>>>>> https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rst9EcF9ryk&feature=youtu.be
>>>>>
>>>>> https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hk1cOffTgdk&feature=youtu.be
>>>>> The Best!
>>>>>
>>>>> On 1/10/2019 4:55 PM, Norman Wootan wrote:
>>>>>>
>>>>>> Thank You, Bert Pool for this new soc.
>>>>>> https://scienceblog.com/505176/scientists-inch-closer-to-fusion-energy-with-discovery-of-a-process-that-stabilizes-plasmas/
>>>>>>
>>>>>> On 1/10/2019 7:58 AM, Norman Wootan nwootan@...
>>>>>> <mailto:nwootan@...> [EVGRAY] wrote:
>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>
>>>>>>> Alfvén wave
>>>>>>>
>>>>>>> An *Alfvén wave* is a wave that occurs in a plasma
>>>>>>> <https://www.plasma-universe.com/Plasma> (or conducting
>>>>>>> fluid), resulting from the interaction of the magnetic
>>>>>>> fields and electric currents
>>>>>>> <https://www.plasma-universe.com/Electric_current> within
>>>>>>> it, causing an oscillation of the ions. Alfvén wrote in a
>>>>>>> letter to the journal /Nature/ in 1942:
>>>>>>>
>>>>>>> "If a conducting liquid is placed in a constant magnetic
>>>>>>> field, every motion of the liquid gives rise to an
>>>>>>> E.M.F. which produces electric currents. Owing to the
>>>>>>> magnetic field, these currents give mechanical forces
>>>>>>> which change the state of motion of the liquid. Thus a
>>>>>>> kind of combined electromagnetic-hydrodynamic wave is
>>>>>>> produced."^[1]
>>>>>>> <https://www.plasma-universe.com/Alfv%C3%A9n_wave#cite_note-alfven1942-1>
>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>
>>>>>>> Alfvén waves initiated the field of magnetohydrodynamics
>>>>>>> <https://www.plasma-universe.com/Magnetohydrodynamics> which
>>>>>>> subsequently earned Alfvén a Nobel Prize.
>>>>>>>
>>>>>>> Put some thought behind this statement "A conductive liquid"!!
>>>>>>>
>>>>>>> On 1/10/2019 7:41 AM, Norman Wootan wrote:
>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>> https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hannes_Alfv%C3%A9n Please
>>>>>>>> read this mans research and see how he was often rejected
>>>>>>>> by fellow physicists.
>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>> On 1/10/2019 7:31 AM, Norman Wootan wrote:
>>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>>> http://aa.springer.de/papers/7324002/2300449.pdf Still
>>>>>>>>> researching the importance of the Alfven waves in plasma.
>>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>>> On 1/10/2019 6:51 AM, Norman Wootan wrote:
>>>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>>>> Moray, Jon Gentry and Warren asked pertinent questions
>>>>>>>>>> regarding velocities, magnetic flux etc. in plasma events
>>>>>>>>>> so I did a search as to whether Alfven waves have a
>>>>>>>>>> frequency. This site pretty well defines a lot of plasma
>>>>>>>>>> info that we need. See:
>>>>>>>>>> https://www.britannica.com/science/plasma-state-of-matter#ref507092
>>>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>>>> On 1/10/2019 6:29 AM, Warren Keillor
>>>>>>>>>> schoonersolsticemoon@...
>>>>>>>>>> <mailto:schoonersolsticemoon@...> [EVGRAY] wrote:
>>>>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>>>>> Norman
>>>>>>>>>>> Hooper's work looks very compelling. At his time of
>>>>>>>>>>> experimentation, super conductors were not a reality as
>>>>>>>>>>> they are now. The fact that a resistance free conductor
>>>>>>>>>>> might accelerate a potential's velocity, after going
>>>>>>>>>>> through a resistor, suggests an analogy to fluid
>>>>>>>>>>> dynamics, much like Bernuili's principle application of
>>>>>>>>>>> a venturi to gases.
>>>>>>>>>>> The idea of dielectric conductors is a mind smasher,
>>>>>>>>>>> inverting our entire circuit thoughts.
>>>>>>>>>>> Generally, pretty radical concepts, in a zone to set us
>>>>>>>>>>> up for quantum physics thinking. Whew!
>>>>>>>>>>> Cheers Warren
>>>>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>>>>> Sent from Yahoo Mail on Android
>>>>>>>>>>> <https://go.onelink.me/107872968?pid=InProduct&c=Global_Internal_YGrowth_AndroidEmailSig__AndroidUsers&af_wl=ym&af_sub1=Internal&af_sub2=Global_YGrowth&af_sub3=EmailSignature>
>>>>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>>>>> On Wed, 9 Jan 2019 at 3:17 PM, Norman Wootan
>>>>>>>>>>> nwootan@... <mailto:nwootan@...> [EVGRAY]
>>>>>>>>>>> <[email protected]>
>>>>>>>>>>> <mailto:[email protected]> wrote:
>>>>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>>>>> Good question Warren! Nobody really knows how the
>>>>>>>>>>> potential and current manifest in the conductor
>>>>>>>>>>> passing through a flux field. Your question is valid
>>>>>>>>>>> cause there very well may be some sort of reconnect
>>>>>>>>>>> occurring here. Theory was, that the flux field was
>>>>>>>>>>> photon stream which enabled pairing to produce
>>>>>>>>>>> electrons and attending current. There is still so
>>>>>>>>>>> much that we don't know but things are getting
>>>>>>>>>>> interesting. Read that last doc that I posted for
>>>>>>>>>>> it is very enlightening on this subject. See:
>>>>>>>>>>> http://www.tfcbooks.com/mall/more/temp/x565-hen.htm
>>>>>>>>>>> This is one of Oles favorites.
>>>>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>>>>> On 1/9/2019 9:09 AM, Warren Keillor
>>>>>>>>>>> schoonersolsticemoon@...
>>>>>>>>>>> <mailto:schoonersolsticemoon@...> [EVGRAY] wrote:
>>>>>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>>>>>> Norman
>>>>>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>>>>>> I wonder if, in a down to earth , practical manner,
>>>>>>>>>>>> the connect/re-connect plays a role in, for
>>>>>>>>>>>> instance, the Kromery, where one slides the magnets
>>>>>>>>>>>> at right angles to their locked together state.
>>>>>>>>>>>> Initially, I need both hands to grasp the flywheel
>>>>>>>>>>>> to turn my Kromery.
>>>>>>>>>>>> Once turning, one finger's friction on the rim,
>>>>>>>>>>>> easily rotates the flywheel, regardless of the load.
>>>>>>>>>>>> Too fast, then eddy currents start warming the
>>>>>>>>>>>> magnetic coil cores.
>>>>>>>>>>>> Are we cutting those magnetic lines?
>>>>>>>>>>>> Cheers Warren
>>>>>>>>>>>> Sent from Yahoo Mail on Android
>>>>>>>>>>>> <https://go.onelink.me/107872968?pid=InProduct&c=Global_Internal_YGrowth_AndroidEmailSig__AndroidUsers&af_wl=ym&af_sub1=Internal&af_sub2=Global_YGrowth&af_sub3=EmailSignature>
>>>>>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>>>>>> On Wed, 9 Jan 2019 at 9:25 AM, Norman Wootan
>>>>>>>>>>>> nwootan@... <mailto:nwootan@...> [EVGRAY]
>>>>>>>>>>>> <[email protected]>
>>>>>>>>>>>> <mailto:[email protected]> wrote:
>>>>>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>>>>>> http://young.caltech.edu/Collisionless_Magnetic_Reconnection.html
>>>>>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>>>>>> On 1/9/2019 8:21 AM, Norman Wootan wrote:
>>>>>>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>>>>>>> https://phys.org/news/2017-10-hidden-mechanics-magnetic-field-reconnection.html
>>>>>>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>>>>>>> On 1/9/2019 8:14 AM, Norman Wootan wrote:
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>>>>>>>> https://gss.pppl.gov/talks/reconnection%20lecture%201.pdf
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>>>>>>>> On 1/9/2019 8:09 AM, Norman Wootan wrote:
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007%2F978-94-009-0545-0_14
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> Recent
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> Developments
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> in
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> the
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> Theory
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> of
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> Magnetic
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> Reconnection
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> Dieter
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> Biskamp
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> Max-Planck-Institut
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> fiir
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> Plasmaphysik
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> 8046
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> Garching
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> bei
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> Miinchen,
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> Federal
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> Republic
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> of
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> Germany
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> Abstract
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> The
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> talk
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> briefly
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> reviews
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> previous
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> stationary
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> models,
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> mainly
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> configurations
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> of
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> the
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> Petschek
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> type,
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> pointing
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> out
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> their
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> shortcomings
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> and
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> basic
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> failure
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> in
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> accounting
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> for
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> fast
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> magnetic
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> reconnection
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> in
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> the
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> limit
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> of
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> large
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> magnetic
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> Reynolds
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> number.
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> It
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> is
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> shown
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> that
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> in
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> this
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> limit
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> no
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> relevant
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> stationary
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> states
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> exist.
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> Instead
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> strong
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> small-scale
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> MHD
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> turbulence
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> develops
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> even
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> in
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> 2D
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> geometry,
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> giving
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> rise
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> to
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> energy
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> dissipation
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> and
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> reconnection
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> rates
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> independent
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> of
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> the
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> value
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> of
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> the
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> collisional
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> re-
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> sistivity.
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> I
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> Introduction
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> In
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> the
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> last
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> decade
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> it
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> has
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> been realized
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> that
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> the
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> presence
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> of
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> magnetic
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> fields
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> is
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> a
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> ubiquitous
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> phenomenon
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> in
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> cosmic
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> (Message over 64 KB, truncated)
>>>>>>>>>>>>
>
>