Body
As I have previously posted, The most powerful Electrostatic machine
ever built . .999 pure hydrogen gas at 25 atm pressure so where does
the electrons come from????
*1, 000, 000 VOLTS*
------------------------------------------------------------------------
GENERATEUR ELECTROSTATIQUE FELICI
(Felici's electrostatic generator )
/fig 1/ Cross section of a cylindrical Felici's generator /fig 2/
Generator under which is driving motor
En France,entre 1945 et 1960, le laboratoire d'Electrostatique du Centre
National de la Recherche Scientifique , CNRS, s'est attache a une etude
systematique des generateurs electrostatiques, afin d'en tirer la
maximum au point de vue energetique, et d'en permettre l'emploi dans les
applications courantes ( rayons X , peinture electrostatique, essais
electriques, etc.). Ces recherches ont conduit a un modele assez
different de la machine a courroie ( Van de Graaff) , car l'organe
mobile est ici un cylindre creux, et le gaz comprime d'isolement est de
l'hydrogene pur.
Le generateur electrostatique de Noël FELICI est celui qui permet les
experiences spectaculaires d'electrostatique du PALAIS de la DECOUVERTE
<http://www.palais-decouverte.fr/discip/physique/phyestat.htm>a PARIS.
La SAMES <http://www.samescorp.com/fr/presentation/culture/index.htm>,
/Societe anonyme de Machines Electrostatiques/, creee en 1947, a
developpe pour le CNRS ( physique des particules , physique nucleaire)
ces generatrices electrostatiques de grande puissance, de faible
encombrement et de bon rendement .
Sames was created in 1947 to manufacture and market the electrostatic
generators developed by Pr Noel Felici and his team for the french
National Center for Scientific Research ( CNRS) .These continuous HV
generators quickly gained a significant position in most research
centers, as well as in industry,because of their exceptional levels of
performance safety
La generatrice utilise un transporteur *isolant cylindrique* (composite
epoxy) R [/fig 1/] Les dimensions du tambour sont classiquement de 140
mm de diametre ( et jusqu'a 300 mm ), 220 mm de longueur, 0.3 mm
d'epaisseur.Les electrodes ( ionisateur de charge et ionisateur de
debit) sont disposees le long de generatrices diametralement
opposees.L'ensemble est place dans une enceinte d'*hydrogene sous
pression*. Ni la disposition cylindrique , ni l'hydrogene ne sont tres
favorables a l'obtention de tensions tres elevees; en revanche, la
puissance specifique et le rendement sont superieurs a ceux de toous les
autres generateurs electrostatiques.La forme cylindrique assure une
excellente definition geometrique de la machine qui est ainsi tres
compacte. Les tensions sont de 80 a 750 kV et les courants de l'ordre de
0,2 a 14 mA.
The Felici generators ( SAMES) of the ' insulating carrier ' type
convert mechanical energy directly into DC HV electrical energy by
utilizing the charge (ion) transfer effect in an electric field.
The generator unit is comprised of 3 main parts :
*Insulating cylindrical rotor* [R], a hollow cylinder made of insulating
material. Electric charges are deposited on the surface of the rotor
which is generally driven by an electric motor to effect the transfer of
charges in, the field. This is *the only moving part* in the
generator.For the standard running speed of 3,000 r.p.m, the maximum
rotor diameter is 15 to 18 in.The useful length of the rotor (i.e., the
length of the ionising blades) may not overstep 1.5 times its diameter
for the "*bell*" geometry; with the "*drum*" rotor, however, 2.5
diameters is a conservative value. Then, for rotors of 12 to 15 in., a
useful length of 3 ft seems very reasonable, that is, a useful surface
of, say, 10^4 cm^2 .
*Ionizers,* extremely *thin metallic blades *placed in close proximity
to the rotor. The charging ionizers generate and deposit the electric
charges while the discharging ionizers draw off the charges that have
been carried on the surface of the rotor.
*Metallic inductors*. The purpose of the inductors is to induce a strong
electric field on the sharp edge of the ionizers.Excitation inductors
hold the electric charges on the rotor, whereas the extracting inductors
withdraw them.The inductors are , in fact, found "hidden" *behind a
slightly conductive cylinder ( made of special glass)* [S] so that the
inductors can fulfill their functions without creating local
concentrations of electric field. The rotor passes successively the
charging and discharging ionizers where the rotor is respectively
charged and discharged.
The*number of poles *( 2 to 8 ) corresponds of the number of ionizers (
or the number of inductors) around the rotor. The rotor of a 2n pole
generator is charged and discharged n times per revolution.
The *excitation* voltage of the generator unit ( 20 to 30 kV) is
furnished by a small auxiliary HVDC generator.
The insulating gas is 0.9999 pure *hydrogen*, free from chlorinated
compounds, at *10-25 atm*.
Cylinder size ( mm) 140 140 140 240 240 300 300
Available approx. power 300 W 400 W 385 W 2 kW 2 kW 2.5 kW 2.5 kW
Number of poles 2 4 6 4 8 2 4
Max. voltage ( kV) 300 160 110 250 140 600 300
Max. current ( mA)
1
2.5
3.5
7
14
4
8
An efficient structure is formed of a highly insulating *cylindrical
rotor* (e = 4-6) running around a slightly conductive (soft glass, 10^12
ohm cm) *cylindrical stator*, the *gap* being 0.01-0-02 in..
The insulating gas is 0.9999 pure hydrogen, free from chlorinated
compounds, at 10-25 atm. The linear speed /v/ of the rotor is 10-50 m/s.
Commutation is performed by 0 - 0012 in. steel blades, facing metallic
inductors which are in good electrical contact with the Lfla", cylinder.
Connexions of inductors, ionizing blades and high voltage terminale are
shown in the top picture.
The charge density /r /on the rotor is usually 50 to 60 e s u/cm^2 , but
densities as high as 100 e s u/cm^2 have been achieved, reflecting a
substantial improvement of the dielectrie strength /E_m / of the gas,
owing to the small, uniform gap ( /r/</E_m /<4p). Paradoxically enough,
the effective current /I/ collected by an ionizing blade of length /L/
is correctly calculated by assuming the charge density /r /to be
uniformly spread over the whole rotor surface, with alternating plus and
minus signs: I = 2 /r /v L, despite the asymmetry of the charging and
discharging electrodes ("natural double transport").
[ *e.s.u *= unities of electrostatic CGS-SYSTEM. So unfashionably they
may appear, nevertheless, they have the important advantage to
correspond to the practical orders of magnitude : as sound relations
between both systems the following equations may be mentioned:
1 µA corresponds = to 3000 electrostatic unities (e.s.u.) of the current.
30 kv/cm = 100 e.s.u. of the electric field. (Atmospheric air under
normal pressure).]
Thanks to the smoothing influence of the slightly conductive stator, the
mean tangential component /E_t / of the field along the rotor surface
can reach 100 e. s. u. without flashover, and a conservative value is 60
e. s. u., thus providing a useful force density of 3000 to 3600dyn/cm^2
, and a power density of 0.5 to 1.5 W/cm^2. Various units have been
developed in the range of 30-3000 W, voltage 50-600 kV. Several units
can be easily associated in series as well as in parallel. Efficiency is
0-85--0.95. For electronic control of such generators is very easy, with
high voltage low-power triodes . Standard units have voltage stability 1
per cent and regulation 1 per cent over the whole ourrent range;
"stabilized" units exhibit an over-all voltage fluctuation less than 1
part in 10^5 . Electrical hazard is absolutely negligible, unless a
strong capacitor is connected to the terminals.
*Patents / Brevets*
http://ep.espacenet.com/
http://www.GetThe Patent.com
FR 1051430
US 2675516
US 2523689 26-09-1950 Machine a condensateur
US 2702869 22-02-1955 Machines en serie
US 2656502
US 3400282 03 -09-1968 Machine a dielectrique fluide
*Bibliography*
1 Felici N.J. - Elektrostatische Hochapannungs-generatoren-1957 ,
Karlsruhe: G.Braun.
2 Felici N.J - Recent Developments and Future Trends in Electrostatic
Generation - Direct Current, Dec 1959, Vol 4,n°7
<http://hometown.aol.com/lyonelb/felici4.html>
3 Felici N.J- Generators, electrostatic, for d.c. power output-
Encyclopaedic Dictionary of Physics - Pergamon Press
4 Felici N.J- L'avenir de la generation electrostatique - colloques du
CNRS , Grenoble , 1960 <http://hometown.aol.com/lyonelb/felici2.html>
5 Dittrich W., Felici N. -Abatement of High-Field Conduction in Liquid
Dielectrics by Electrode Conditioning with Non-lonic Cage-Forming
Polymers : A Novel Avenue to High-Power Engineering
<http://hometown.aol.com/lyonelb/felici3.html>
*Biographie sommaire*
Felici (Noël, Joseph) .Ne le 18 mai 1916.Brillant normalien , docteur en
1940 avec une these sur la supraconductibilite,il est oriente vers Louis
Neel et Frederic Joliot Curie .Louis Neel et Noel Felici commencent en
1942 a travailler sur des prototypes de machines
electrostatiques.Creation theorique de la SAMES en 1943.Naissance
officielle de la SAMES en 1946 avec reproduction des prototypes.Noel
Felici est itulaire de la chaire d'electrostatique à la Faculte des
Sciences de Grenoble.Directeur de recherches au Centre national de la
recherche scientifique (CNRS) . Laboratoire d’electrostatique et
dielectrique, CNRS, Chemin des Martyrs, BP 166, F-38042 Grenoble Cedex
09. Noel Felici est elu correspondant de l'Academie des Sciences le 18
fevrier 1980.
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On 4/25/2018 8:49 AM, Norman Wootan [email protected] [EVGRAY] wrote:
>
> Just as the Aether Theory was lost to General Theory of Relativity so
> as the electrostatic studies!
>
>
> On 4/25/2018 8:45 AM, Norman Wootan wrote:
>> https://www.scribd.com/doc/201548357/78393253-Oleg-Jefimenko-Electrostatic-Motors-FULL-BOOK-75p
>>
>> Sent from Yahoo Mail on Android
>> <https://go.onelink.me/107872968?pid=InProduct&c=Global_Internal_YGrowth_AndroidEmailSig__AndroidUsers&af_wl=ym&af_sub1=Internal&af_sub2=Global_YGrowth&af_sub3=EmailSignature>
>
>