Re: [EVGRAY] Most lightning active point on planet

Body

Mick! etal, My concept of running a "self runner" in a sealed container 
(shielded) under "XHV" or "UHV" conditions (concentrated aether) is 
based on the following examples that challenge our minds as to "source" 
of charge:

http://u2.lege.net/newebmasters.com__freeenergy/external_links_from_theverylastpageoftheinternet.com/highvoltage/HVgenerator/HVgenerator.htm

"Pure hydrogen insulation"!

https://www.researchgate.net/publication/242200502_A_VACUUM_ELECTROSTATIC_GENERATOR

"hard vacuum insulation"!     Source of soft 
electrons"?????????????????????????????????????????????????????


On 12/9/2017 7:25 PM, Mick [email protected] [EVGRAY] wrote:
>
> Norm,
>
> Why not post it on utube?
>
>
> On 12/9/2017 4:15 PM, Norman Wootan [email protected] [EVGRAY] wrote:
>>
>> Mick!  I wish that I could provide the EV Gray Group with my 
>> presentation at 2015 Tesla Symposium for I reviewed 40 years of 
>> research and delved into all of the topics you have outlined!   My 
>> "presentation" is too large to send to Yahoo Groups (rejects due to 
>> size"! I tried but it "boomerranged"!
>>
>> BTW!  I love the "sprites" above the lightning storms: Been studying 
>> this "phenomenon" caused by "positive" lightning discharges!!
>>
>> https://www.smithsonianmag.com/smart-news/vibrant-lightning-sprites-spark-above-hurricane-matthew-180960669/
>>
>> On 12/9/2017 1:41 PM, Mick [email protected] [EVGRAY] wrote:
>>>
>>> Norm,
>>>
>>> Very elegant way to proceed on a system one could rely on without 
>>> having to be ones own utility engineer.  A staged system with 
>>> different refrigerants and pressures or vacuums depending on the 
>>> radiant environmental temperature scalar.
>>>
>>> Perhaps one day we could speak in depth concerning your experiments 
>>> and experiences...
>>>
>>> After you were able to get the Tesla fire energy with the highly 
>>> quenched spark gap what interesting effects and experiments did you 
>>> run besides the nominal electrical sandblaster on ones skin?
>>>
>>> Were you ever in touch with Ron Brandt with his interesting AC 
>>> motors?  I don't believe I have seen a Tesla patent with the reverse 
>>> flyback windings on the phases as with Brandt's designs.
>>>
>>> If we could create a steady state load in order to buffer something 
>>> like an RV or TV or MRA and then as Warren has mentioned before 
>>> build an Arduino device to handle turning on the device and tuning 
>>> it to output to something like this may be ready for prime time.   
>>> The problem is the big enough flywheel or water tower or whatever 
>>> storage medium one can rely upon no to deviate enough to destroy the 
>>> effect.  I am sure a gap in understanding of these process foibles 
>>> provides an overtly optimistic personal outlook.  Maybe just a large 
>>> grain silo and the proper Schaberger vortex thermodynamics or low 
>>> pressure Ranque Hilsch effect could self run on most warm days.
>>>
>>> I also like the static electricity harvesting concepts many have 
>>> claimed as useful as a secondary, top off source.  Suzanne 
>>> Guillemette's static pump has some very interesting claims for the 
>>> type of static power coming out claiming a bare wire can touch the 
>>> ground or be immersed in water and not lose ability to work.
>>> Likely not useful in high humidity, but if this Testika machine has 
>>> powered this commune for years... how reliable and real...  there 
>>> seems little firsthand knowledge.  I think Mr Bowman was in the 
>>> beginning interested in mass marketing his invention but likely 
>>> received the threatening visitors or is just insanely paranoid as 
>>> are the few of the inventors I have met, on the cusp of something 
>>> they felt was paradigm shifting.  Or just plain crazy from chasing 
>>> an idea with no reliable normal income stream.
>>>
>>> As for your Tesla turbine driven by a refrigerant at a phase change 
>>> bifurcation point I am assuming, I think it's a marvelous way to 
>>> go.  Have also considered a conical boundary layer turbine so a bit 
>>> of a cross between the Schauberger and Tesla concept.  Your abstract 
>>> refers to a vortex also so this is again intriguing.
>>>
>>> One of your projects was a hydroxy generator.  In water alone be it 
>>> external static charge of the Faraday dropper, vortex, cavitation, 
>>> gas production so many ramifications for energy in this one 
>>> substance it could account for several lifetimes of study.
>>>
>>> Right now watching one of the daily storm extravaganzas in South 
>>> America as the heat from the valley rises 9000ft  into the Andes 
>>> dumping tons of water and megajoules of lightening.  So much energy 
>>> available by simply throwing the ambient out of equilibrium.  
>>> Impedance dropping enough every few seconds to bridge the 
>>> troposphere to ground.
>>>
>>>
>>> On 12/8/2017 12:48 PM, Norman Wootan [email protected] [EVGRAY] wrote:
>>>>
>>>> Mick!!! You have asked a very "pregnant question" so here is my 
>>>> take on the whole "Energy Independence Situation"!!
>>>>
>>>> After over 40 years of research into the "Alternative Energy  
>>>> Arena", I have seen no magic "Over Unity device" using the 
>>>> definition of "self running"! Sure , over unity clearly exist but 
>>>> has not produced a totally "self running prototype" Nada!  Our MRA 
>>>> was over unity but "not self runner"!  You asked, "of all the 
>>>> available technology, what would you recommend"!!
>>>>
>>>> Under  our Vortex Energy System, I wrote an "abstract" which will 
>>>> give you a clue!   BTW! I did a prototype study of this technology 
>>>> and it proved totally feasible for you to "thrive totally from our 
>>>> environment", separated from the grid.  Read this abstract!
>>>>
>>>> Abstract
>>>>
>>>> Within the “VES”the “prime objective” for “extraordinary thermal 
>>>> efficiency” is the “scavenging”, transport and utilization of all 
>>>> “sensible” and “latent” heat that is available in the overall scope 
>>>> of operation of any given plant or operation.The “Implosion Vortex 
>>>> Turbine” (carbon/carbon composite construction)  in its many 
>>>> configurations and usages provides us the ability to achieve 
>>>> Industrial Heat Pumping capability employing the “Mechanical Vapor 
>>>> Re-compression" technology, (MVR). Since our “vapor driven” turbine 
>>>> operates at relatively low temperatures through the use of 
>>>> ‘selected” refrigerants we are able to maintain a fairly low 
>>>> “thermal lift requirement” therefore can “very conservatively” 
>>>> operate at a COP of 20:1. (COP: “coefficient of performance” which 
>>>> can be further defined as the ratio of power needed to transport a 
>>>> given amount of thermal energy in BTU s vs. the input energy in 
>>>> kilowatts. This means that at a 20:1 ratio we only require an 
>>>> electrical input of one kilowatt to move a BTU equivalent of 20 
>>>> kilowatts) The MVR COP is dictated by the “lift” requirement 
>>>> between stages or the temp differential across the operation. Very 
>>>> “low lift”MVR (Industrial) systems have achieved phenomenal COPs of 
>>>> 40:1.High “thermal lift” requirements see a COP down to 6:1 as seen 
>>>> with your domestic heat pumps.Our system operates at a moderate 
>>>> lift requirement.This technology is directly used to “obviate” the 
>>>> requirement for cooling towers and heat ex changers to get rid of 
>>>> what is known as waste heat.Never, ever waste heat for heat is 
>>>> “potential energy” and if properly handled and conserved can be 
>>>> accumulated and converted into power.All of the sensible heat and 
>>>> latent heat (heat of condensation, water=144 BTU/#) can be 
>>>> re-cycled leaving the air and water of the plant scenario at 
>>>> ‘ambient or below”. In a conventional steam turbine operation, 90 
>>>> percent of the fresh filtered water that went into the “steam 
>>>> raising plant” and passes through the power turbine en-route to the 
>>>> “now replaced cooling tower” is fully recovered and recycled back 
>>>> to the front to the process as clean potable filtered water.The 
>>>> feed water and cooling water requirements are almost eliminated in 
>>>> the overall plant for we “scavenge heat from all sources including 
>>>> “solar input”, “Ambient air” “latent heat in air” (water vapor) and 
>>>> “grey water” heat recovery.If you have to wear an overcoat in one 
>>>> of our facilities in the summer time that is a good sign we are 
>>>> doing our job in heat recovery.“HEAT is ENERGY” and can be 
>>>> converted into additional useful power.  Our system utilized three 
>>>> different refrigerants, each with unique characteristics for a 
>>>> "cascade heat recover scenario". Tesla turbines, due to their super 
>>>> high efficiencies with unique designs are used as power generation 
>>>> prime movers, vacuum pumps, water pumps and refrigerant 
>>>> condensation pumps.  The average home has the following "heat 
>>>> energy" sources available. Direct solar, all sensible heat, plus 
>>>> "latent heat" (atmospheric moisture) (144 BTU/# of water) (all of 
>>>> your potable water needs), grey water, ground heat source and even 
>>>> the "human input"!  With the required "capitol investment", yes! 
>>>> you could cut loose from the grid. Coastal areas with high relative 
>>>> humidity is a real "plus" (latent heat recovery) here.  Desert 
>>>> climates have the additional advantages of high ambient & solar 
>>>> input. "As I see it"!!  Norm
>>>>
>>>>
>>>> PS: of all the study we have done on the EV Gray, RV, TRV 
>>>> technology, we find that we can extend battery life on RVs etc but 
>>>> not Over unity results.
>>>>
>>>>
>>>> On 12/7/2017 5:09 PM, Mick [email protected] [EVGRAY] wrote:
>>>>>
>>>>> Norm,
>>>>>
>>>>> Thanks for the in depth on the Testika stuff!
>>>>>
>>>>> Based on all of the amazing out of the box technology you have 
>>>>> worked with, for a working reliable system OU that could in theory 
>>>>> keep up with lets say a photo-voltaic systems in sunny California 
>>>>> what direction would you go in or what two directions might you go in?
>>>>>
>>>>> The Transverter idea looks very compelling but getting something 
>>>>> that can behave itself with changing loads is of importance, 
>>>>> specially if one has HVAC and well pumps etc.
>>>>>
>>>>> This static into useful EM energy looks great, was the ignition 
>>>>> power pack a feasible way to fraction this power for this type 
>>>>> transition also?
>>>>>
>>>>> When you used the highly quenched spark gap and shortened pulse 
>>>>> width below the 100ms pain threshold and lower were you able to 
>>>>> produce any of the effects such as a plasma sphere acting as a 
>>>>> directional light beam or any of the other legendary effects?
>>>>>
>>>>>
>>>>>
>>>>> On 12/7/2017 8:13 AM, Norman Wootan [email protected] [EVGRAY] wrote:
>>>>>>
>>>>>> Mick!  To answer some of your questions,I need to clarify a few 
>>>>>> things in Gary's PDF.  I had the 5200 sq. ft. Research Lab in 
>>>>>> Dawson, TX built to prototype my Hydrogen Reactor for GAZPROM, 
>>>>>> Russia.  Ken Hawkins (partner) lived in San Antonia and had an 
>>>>>> apartment in Allen, TX where he worked for Sage Communications.  
>>>>>> We had visited Dr. John Milewski at Albuquerque,NM where he was 
>>>>>> experimenting with Herkimer diamonds (twin point quartz crystals) 
>>>>>> which Ken want to develop a new "super-luminal" communication 
>>>>>> method.  Paul Walker & Ken worker on the ignition power pack 
>>>>>> driven method of creating the "Tesla Fire" ( white flame) using 
>>>>>> the timing circuit. We flew down to El Paso and visited a group 
>>>>>> doing the very same thing at the time. I went the alternate route 
>>>>>> to make the Tesla Fire by building the famous "dissruptor 
>>>>>> transformer" (Tesla) and using "unidirectional DC" discharge 
>>>>>> across very powerful magnetic quench spark gap to get the desired 
>>>>>> results with the attendant,"unsheildable" penetrating shock and 
>>>>>> Tesla fire. we all played with the flourescent tubes and plasma 
>>>>>> tube with magnets.  The use of magnetic fields to convert "Static 
>>>>>> electricity", Holtz & Whimshurst machines is evidenced by the 
>>>>>> Baumann Testatika.
>>>>>>
>>>>>> *Paul BAUMANN*
>>>>>>
>>>>>> *Testatika Generator
>>>>>>
>>>>>> *
>>>>>>
>>>>>> ------------------------------------------------------------------------
>>>>>>
>>>>>>
>>>>>> ------------------------------------------------------------------------
>>>>>>
>>>>>>
>>>>>> *Methernitha Group: CH-3517 Linden, Switzerland*
>>>>>>
>>>>>>     *Photo Gallery & Videos
>>>>>>     <http://www.rexresearch.com/testatik/testatik.htm>*
>>>>>>
>>>>>>     *Links:*
>>>>>>
>>>>>>         *Methernitha ~ http://www.methernitha.com*
>>>>>>         *http://utenti.tripod.it/testatikmachine/*
>>>>>>         *Paul E. Potter ~
>>>>>>         http://website.lineone.net/~aarekhu/index.html*
>>>>>>
>>>>>>     ------------------------------------------------------------------------
>>>>>>
>>>>>>     *Hans Holzerr: Testatika Demonstration Notes
>>>>>>     <http://www.rexresearch.com/testatik/testart.htm#demo99>*
>>>>>>     *
>>>>>>     Paul Potter: Back-Engineered Testatika
>>>>>>     <http://www.rexresearch.com/testatik/testart.htm#potbakeng>*
>>>>>>     *
>>>>>>     P. Potter: Principle Experiment
>>>>>>     <http://www.rexresearch.com/testatik/testart.htm#princexpt>*
>>>>>>     *
>>>>>>     Anonymous: Believe It or Not --- Here It is!
>>>>>>     <http://www.rexresearch.com/testatik/testart.htm#believe>*
>>>>>>     *
>>>>>>     Cyril Smith: Testatika Generator and Over-Unity
>>>>>>     <http://www.rexresearch.com/testatik/testart.htm#csmith>*
>>>>>>     *
>>>>>>     Methernitha: The Research Work of Methernitha in the Field of
>>>>>>     the so-called Free Energy"
>>>>>>     <http://www.rexresearch.com/testatik/testart.htm#transcr>*
>>>>>>     *
>>>>>>     P. Potter: Transcript of Methernitha Testatika Video
>>>>>>     <http://www.rexresearch.com/testatik/testart.htm#transcr>*
>>>>>>
>>>>>>     ------------------------------------------------------------------------
>>>>>>
>>>>>>     *Testatika Demonstration (4 August 1999)*
>>>>>>
>>>>>> *Translation by Stefan Hartmann < [email protected] > & Hans Holzherr*
>>>>>>
>>>>>>     From: Hans Holzherr
>>>>>>     To: Stefan Hartmann
>>>>>>
>>>>>>     Recently, over 30 technicians and engineers (most of them
>>>>>>     retired) were allowed to visit the Methernitha group in
>>>>>>     Linden, Switzerland, where they witnessed a demo of the
>>>>>>     different Testatika machines.
>>>>>>
>>>>>>     Here is a report from Hans Holzherr from Switzerland who was
>>>>>>     present:
>>>>>>
>>>>>>     Hello Mr. Hartmann,
>>>>>>
>>>>>>     To your questions: > Have you seen live a machine with a
>>>>>>     load? If so, what  load?
>>>>>>
>>>>>>     I am referring in the following to the model with the 50-cm
>>>>>>     diameter disks. This machine was already running when the
>>>>>>     visitors stepped into the room, and was not halted during the
>>>>>>     whole time --- we were there for about  1.5 hrs. As a first
>>>>>>     load a 1000-Watt lamp was connected for approximately 10
>>>>>>     seconds whose brightness did NOT diminish --- the
>>>>>>     corresponding sequence on the Testatika film is just an
>>>>>>     effect of the camera aperture's automatic adjusting to the
>>>>>>     sudden brightness! The second load was a U-shaped heating
>>>>>>     element, that Mr.Baumann handed to me. It became so hot
>>>>>>     within one second that I had to put it down immediately! What
>>>>>>     was particularly impressive was that while he pulled back one
>>>>>>     of the contact wires (that was with the lamp, I believe), a
>>>>>>     1-cm long arc appeared between the output electrode and the
>>>>>>     connecting wire for approximately one second. The apparatus
>>>>>>     was under a plexiglass hood. Near the base it had two holes
>>>>>>     which Baumann used to insert the contact wires to touch the
>>>>>>     output electrodes.
>>>>>>
>>>>>>      How do you think the high wattage is produced ?
>>>>>>
>>>>>>     Good question! I'd love to know the answer, too!
>>>>>>
>>>>>>      Did the disks slow down when a load was placed across the
>>>>>>     output electrodes ?
>>>>>>
>>>>>>     I did not notice that (nobody else did), but of course you
>>>>>>     tend to turn your look to 'where the action is' (the lamp
>>>>>>     etc.) The disks turned with 15 rpm, which is quite slow. The
>>>>>>     spin rate was regulated magnetically.
>>>>>>
>>>>>>      What  general impression did you have ?
>>>>>>
>>>>>>     It was really impressive! One can hardly believe it, with
>>>>>>     this slow rotation. In any case, this cannot be explained in
>>>>>>     terms of bare electrostatics in the sense of the Wimshurst
>>>>>>     machine. The perforated sheets seem to have a key function...
>>>>>>     Beside the pick-up and the drive electrodes there are a
>>>>>>     number of small plexiglass blocks with glued-on perforated
>>>>>>     sheets, whose function is unknown.
>>>>>>
>>>>>>     As Adolf Schneider already mentioned, my colleague Bernhard
>>>>>>     XXX and I want to try to copy the principle experiment shown
>>>>>>     by Baumann --- without much hope to find anything
>>>>>>     extraordinary, though.
>>>>>>
>>>>>>     The device consists of a horizontal swiveling plexiglass arm
>>>>>>     with a small rectangular plexiglass plate at both ends glued
>>>>>>     to the lower side of the arm. The lower side of the arm is
>>>>>>     covered with perforated aluminum sheets (square holes), while
>>>>>>     the bottom of the plates is covered with brass wire mesh.
>>>>>>     Beneath each plate five additional plates are glued onto the
>>>>>>     base plate. There is also wire mesh between each pair of
>>>>>>     plates in the two blocks. From the mesh layer between the
>>>>>>     lowest plate and the base a wire goes to the two capacitors,
>>>>>>     which are connected in parallel . Baumann seized the arm with
>>>>>>     both hands and turned it about ten times back and forth (a
>>>>>>     full rotation was not possible, because the capacitors were
>>>>>>     in the way), then measured the DC voltage with a digital
>>>>>>     measuring instrument: 60 Volts. Then, as he short-circuited
>>>>>>     the condensers a loud crack could be heard. I don´t know if
>>>>>>     that already is an abnormal result...
>>>>>>
>>>>>>     On my question Baumann replied that with metal foil (instead
>>>>>>     of wire mesh) the device would not produce that effect.
>>>>>>
>>>>>>     For more information, Contact: [email protected]
>>>>>>
>>>>>>     ------------------------------------------------------------------------
>>>>>>
>>>>>>     *"Back-Engineered Testatika"*
>>>>>>
>>>>>>     *by*
>>>>>>
>>>>>>     *Paul E. Potter*
>>>>>>
>>>>>>     *http://website.lineone.net/~aarekhu/index.html*
>>>>>>
>>>>>>     (Copyright 2000)
>>>>>>
>>>>>>     That the Swiss Methernitha group's Testatika machine is
>>>>>>     thought to be based on a Wimshurst electrostatic generator,
>>>>>>     is only a sparse approximation of the truth --- of the great
>>>>>>     multitude of electrostatic influence machines developed
>>>>>>     around the 1900's it more closely follows the
>>>>>>     charge-separation-and-collection system used by the 1898
>>>>>>     Pidgeon machine [note 1] for its electrical circuit.
>>>>>>
>>>>>>     Its 50-per-disc steel grilles or 'gitter-grilles' are plainly
>>>>>>     unique to the Methernitha (see fig.1) but in principle follow
>>>>>>     on from previous research and patents for corrugated sectors
>>>>>>     which were found to be more efficient charge carriers [note
>>>>>>     2] than flat ones, and from a similar example in more recent
>>>>>>     times of aluminium rods extending out like wheel spokes from
>>>>>>     an insulating hub of perspex [note 3].
>>>>>>
>>>>>>     Another unique function of these perforated grilles attached
>>>>>>     to the discs is how they induce charge from the rotating
>>>>>>     discs onto the special collecting pads, or 'tasten' antennae
>>>>>>     keys (which are also perforated --- so as to more readily
>>>>>>     pick up charge); for in a Wimshurst you had conductive
>>>>>>     brushes or rails of sharp points which actually touched the
>>>>>>     discs or were placed very close to them, but in the
>>>>>>     Methernitha the charge has to be made to traverse a parallel
>>>>>>     air-gap to the pads and for this purpose the metal
>>>>>>     gitter-grilles are so designed to create miniature
>>>>>>     eddy-currents of charged air which circulate in and out of
>>>>>>     the perforated metal's surface charges, and are more easily
>>>>>>     bounced out to the collecting pads. This process is
>>>>>>     categorised as VARIABLE CAPACITANCE electrostatic generation.
>>>>>>
>>>>>>     Careful note needs to be made of how the Methernitha uses its
>>>>>>     basically Pidgeon setup with regard to its neutralising rods
>>>>>>     (that equalise and stabilise the opposite charges --- see
>>>>>>     fig.2), and how charges are picked up from one area and
>>>>>>     accumulated at others, so that the polarities of charge are
>>>>>>     distributed correctly to specific areas on both discs [note 4].
>>>>>>
>>>>>>     And although there have been some fanciful claims, or
>>>>>>     misinformation, that it uses all sorts of radioactive
>>>>>>     materials to achieve its pulsed output I most strongly
>>>>>>     believe that the auxiliary electromagnetic circuit, that
>>>>>>     wraps itself around the rotating discs, portrays a simple
>>>>>>     electronic approach; afterall, who would use radium
>>>>>>     radioactive emission alongside leyden jar capacitors !
>>>>>>     Indeed, the more you look into certain elements of its
>>>>>>     construction the more they point to three main eras of
>>>>>>     electronics development, the 1900's, the 1920's and the
>>>>>>     1950/60's. The authentic Methernitha was designed and
>>>>>>     developed by purists who believed they had discovered a
>>>>>>     previously unknown electronic phenomenon, but they wanted to
>>>>>>     keep an integrity to the early pioneering days of the
>>>>>>     Pidgeon, Wimshurst and Holtz electrostatic machinery; they
>>>>>>     would not use such modern devices as transistors or IC chips
>>>>>>     (more's the pity) --- but they do use some pretty uncommon
>>>>>>     electronic engineering in their circuit [note 5].
>>>>>>
>>>>>>     Obviously, the electronics are in two parts; one --- the
>>>>>>     electrostatic generator and its particular technologies of
>>>>>>     how to direct what charge where, and two --- the very unique
>>>>>>     auxiliary electromagnetic circuit of inductances,
>>>>>>     capacitances and rectification that mobilises that 'static'
>>>>>>     electricity. To understand how they convert static energy
>>>>>>     into an electromotive force you would do well to go back to
>>>>>>     the earliest years of radio. From the pages of spark radio
>>>>>>     you soon appreciate just how important oscillation circuits
>>>>>>     and their valve rectifiers were, and moreover, how difficult
>>>>>>     it proved to engineer them. For although radio transmitters
>>>>>>     and receivers from the 1900's used resonating circuits their
>>>>>>     oscillations were controlled by sparks between two contacts
>>>>>>     and, of course, they were relatively inefficient. Not until
>>>>>>     the 1920's did the first electric current oscillations become
>>>>>>     an observable controlled phenomenon when someone coupled a
>>>>>>     rectifier valve, a capacitor, and a resistor together [note
>>>>>>     6]. The early 1920's also saw the best era of experimentation
>>>>>>     and invention for novel devices that turned static energy
>>>>>>     into useable electromagnetic energy; it was in a 1921 patent
>>>>>>     that we see a German physicist Hermann Plauson describe in
>>>>>>     great detail his methods to convert static power, not only
>>>>>>     from rotary influence machines but also from balloons
>>>>>>     collecting atmospheric electricity up in the sky; and by
>>>>>>     using thermionic rectifiers, leyden jar capacitors and
>>>>>>     inductor coils he proposed a free-energy network that was to
>>>>>>     power the whole of Germany [note 7] ! The thermionic
>>>>>>     rectifier valve heralded a new era for radio and high voltage
>>>>>>     physics, and as it was then subjected to such a broad array
>>>>>>     of experiments and modifications to improve its efficiency so
>>>>>>     it paved the way for all sorts of new avenues in electronics.
>>>>>>     Indeed, with such a technical catalogue of similarities with
>>>>>>     what we see in the available photographs of Testatika it can
>>>>>>     be assumed without doubt that the horizontal glass tube which
>>>>>>     sits on top of the Methernitha machines is exactly what a
>>>>>>     home-made vacuum thermionic rectifying valve would look like;
>>>>>>     with its internal anode mesh-plate, surrounded by a coiled
>>>>>>     copper grid, fed by a glowing (heated) cathode wire running
>>>>>>     horizontally across its centre and capped by two black
>>>>>>     end-pieces, which are too big and bulbous to be mere end-caps
>>>>>>     and must surely be black rubber vacuum seals to seal the
>>>>>>     glass tube and the input/output wires [note 8].
>>>>>>
>>>>>>     With such a rectifier, some induction coils, and some leyden
>>>>>>     jar capacitors you have a circuit that oscillates, and that's
>>>>>>     what has to happen with a Methernitha, the electromagnetic
>>>>>>     circuit has to oscillate for it to work, and then the
>>>>>>     oscillations have to be rectified (or even modulated) so that
>>>>>>     the resulting single-pole pulses can be channeled through the
>>>>>>     big cans, which are basically high-efficiency transformers,
>>>>>>     and outputted as reduced voltage higher current DC pulses
>>>>>>     (see fig.3).
>>>>>>
>>>>>>     The precise components used to oscillate the primary
>>>>>>     oscillating circuit are, I believe, not to be seen in any of
>>>>>>     the available photographs, but there are various hints for
>>>>>>     their approximate whereabouts on the machine. Firstly,
>>>>>>     according to electronic design there should be a capacitor
>>>>>>     and coil configuration in close proximity to the rectifier.
>>>>>>     Well, from the picture "3KWREAR" can be seen the two long
>>>>>>     upright tubes which, according to those who have seen them
>>>>>>     first-hand, comprise a spirally turned aluminium strip (which
>>>>>>     indicates they are chokes [note 9]) inside a glass tube,
>>>>>>     inside the same sort of outer shielding that the big cans
>>>>>>     have (which indicates they are electrostatic shields), inside
>>>>>>     yet another glass tube, and are terminated at the top with a
>>>>>>     brass connecting rod which does a right-angled turn and
>>>>>>     passes into the side of the tower --- but only two-thirds up
>>>>>>     the height of the tower. These two assemblies must form a
>>>>>>     connection to the rectifier, because the rectifier is at the
>>>>>>     top of the tower, so why don't these electrostatically
>>>>>>     sensitive tubes extend all the way up to it ? Again, from the
>>>>>>     photographs of the rear and front of the Methernithas there
>>>>>>     is a wire that comes out of the tower's side wall at about 4
>>>>>>     inches above the upright's brass terminals and this wire then
>>>>>>     passes through a short black tube and on to the rectifier
>>>>>>     valve. This, of course, would happen on both sides of the
>>>>>>     tower, enabling a connection to both ends of the rectifier.
>>>>>>     But why have this 4 inch gap of connections at the top of the
>>>>>>     tower ? Something is placed inside the top of the tower in
>>>>>>     this intermediate space which is very necessary to the
>>>>>>     circuit, and I think it must be the location of the
>>>>>>     capacitor/inductor configuration to oscillate the circuit.
>>>>>>     This (fig.4) is how I would see the inside of the top of the
>>>>>>     towers [note 10].
>>>>>>
>>>>>>     I've seen some of the patented inventions that rotate discs
>>>>>>     --- by using magnets (i.e.,  H.Rosenberg's permanent magnet
>>>>>>     excited rotational machine, US Patent # 3,411,027 ), and by
>>>>>>     utilising inscribed metalised discs (US Patent # 3,239,705
>>>>>>     for instance), but there simply isn't enough room for these
>>>>>>     to be located in the Methernitha disc setup --- also, you
>>>>>>     don't want to interfere with the ES fields that zip around
>>>>>>     the revolving discs: From the reports of those who have seen
>>>>>>     the small machines working it appears their discs were
>>>>>>     rotated by small DC electric motors after they were
>>>>>>     hand-started, some re-wound with thinner wire (to presumably
>>>>>>     increase their torque) and powered directly from the discs'
>>>>>>     generated electricity --- but I have also seen how two discs
>>>>>>     can continue to rotate simply by careful placement of curved
>>>>>>     electrodes [note 11] which would act on the charges on the
>>>>>>     discs --- like the 3kw Testatica Distatica generators.
>>>>>>
>>>>>>     After reading through the many early accounts of
>>>>>>     electrostatic rotary machines, and some of the more recent
>>>>>>     ones, you can't help but be puzzled by the Methernitha's
>>>>>>     incredibly low rotational speed of just 60 rpm (and in the
>>>>>>     1999 engineers report as low 15 rpm !). Most other early
>>>>>>     experimenters boasted up to 3000 rpm. J.G.Trump in his work
>>>>>>     on high voltage generation in space [note 12] spun his rotary
>>>>>>     machine at 10,000 rpm (to produce 433 Watts at 24 KV no
>>>>>>     less). One reason for this low speed might be to do with the
>>>>>>     close proximity of the 50 lamellas (gitter-grilles) on the
>>>>>>     discs at their inner ends, they are very close together, I
>>>>>>     think too close. Air, normally an insulator, breaks down and
>>>>>>     conducts at around 25-35 KV (this figure has been fairly
>>>>>>     constant from day-one of electrostatic machine experiments
>>>>>>     right through to the present day --- because air has a
>>>>>>     breakdown field strength of 3x106 volts/metre) and
>>>>>>     short-circuits the circuit. I feel that because this design
>>>>>>     of grilles is prone to short-circuiting at high voltages the
>>>>>>     Methernitha people have limited their rotational speed so as
>>>>>>     to ensure a low operating voltage --- of what I'd guesstimate
>>>>>>     to be only 12 to 24KV.
>>>>>>
>>>>>>     But, is this a waste of extra potential ? Not necessarily,
>>>>>>     for I don't think that the main power output comes solely
>>>>>>     from what the two counter-rotating discs supply.
>>>>>>
>>>>>>     There is, I believe, a far more important power generator ---
>>>>>>     the electron cascade generator, and the Methernitha has two
>>>>>>     of them, held inside the two horseshoe magnets, and providing
>>>>>>     the circuits to the magnets are made to oscillate at the
>>>>>>     right frequency at a high enough voltage then these
>>>>>>     metalised-perspex laminated blocks can enmass A MUCH LARGER
>>>>>>     AMOUNT OF ELECTRICITY THAN WHAT IS PUT INTO THEM.
>>>>>>
>>>>>>     This, perhaps, is the previously unknown electronic
>>>>>>     phenomenon that the Methernitha group have so zealously been
>>>>>>     trying to protect against unscrupulous entrepreneurs. But I
>>>>>>     would say that this copious supply of free energy is already
>>>>>>     known to the world --- it is not readily available - and its
>>>>>>     principles are not fully understood, as yet, but it is known
>>>>>>     about.
>>>>>>
>>>>>>     As the descriptions say (on the Testatika website), between
>>>>>>     the horseshoe magnet legs are four blocks of transparent
>>>>>>     'plexiglass' type material alternated with copper and
>>>>>>     aluminium plates (that may or may not be perforated), in the
>>>>>>     sequence c-p-a-c-p-a-c-p-a-c-p-a (also see fig.6). And
>>>>>>     according to the Linden Experiment, where Paul Baumann
>>>>>>     induces a resonance of about 80-140 MHz in a coiled horseshoe
>>>>>>     and then has an aluminium-insulator-copper block moved
>>>>>>     between the horseshoe legs, a voltage could be taken off the
>>>>>>     plates of the block which measured 700 volts (DC presumably)
>>>>>>     [note 13]. This incredible phenomenon has never been
>>>>>>     replicated by any 'outside researcher', and is said to be the
>>>>>>     basis by which the Methernitha machine could be understood
>>>>>>     how to work [the clue, possibly, to this Principle Experiment
>>>>>>     may be variable-capacitance and dielectric-absorpsion].
>>>>>>
>>>>>>     But what, I hear you say, is an electron cascade... Well, it
>>>>>>     was only by chance, very recently, that I happened to listen
>>>>>>     to an audio tape by a Dr. Flanagan about crystal water; when
>>>>>>     I switched the tape over after the end of side one Dr.
>>>>>>     Flanagan then began talking about an electronic configuration
>>>>>>     that applied a high frequency, high voltage alternating field
>>>>>>     across an insulator --- that created what he called an
>>>>>>     electron cascade effect --- Yes, I thought, here is the
>>>>>>     answer to the Methernitha Machine.
>>>>>>
>>>>>>     The electron cascade or avalanche effect is where air
>>>>>>     molecules are accelerated to the device at such a high
>>>>>>     velocity that they collide with other molecules and atoms in
>>>>>>     the air to liberate new electrons which in turn also collide
>>>>>>     and liberate even more 'free electrons' from other air
>>>>>>     molecules (see fig.5), all of which become accelerated by the
>>>>>>     electric field, and an avalanche of electron-multiplications
>>>>>>     progresses throughout the whole immediate environment [note
>>>>>>     14]. It's a chain reaction, and an entirely safe one, it
>>>>>>     happens in a more ferocious way in lightning strikes, and is
>>>>>>     a natural phenomenon. And, as in this case, the environment
>>>>>>     actually becomes part of the circuit [note 15] because the
>>>>>>     process is actually negatively-ionising the air surrounding
>>>>>>     the Methernitha machines, and that is why those who have been
>>>>>>     near these generators when working say the air around about
>>>>>>     them is cool and fresh [note 16].
>>>>>>
>>>>>>     In view of the fact that it's designers have chosen to wind
>>>>>>     insulated wire (which may or may not be bifilar) around the
>>>>>>     horseshoe metal it is likely that the horseshoes are used for
>>>>>>     some form of induction [note 17], it would also be very
>>>>>>     possible to draw directly from this part of the circuit the
>>>>>>     extra electric current produced from the electron cascade
>>>>>>     blocks, with suitable connections that might lead downward
>>>>>>     into the wooden base (where it is believed that an alternate
>>>>>>     layering of perforated metal plates and insulating plates -
>>>>>>     making up a large high-voltage storage capacitor - is
>>>>>>     located). This power could then be discharged as a pulsed
>>>>>>     output of high wattage, especially if the final output part
>>>>>>     of the electronic circuit is configured as a Pulse Forming
>>>>>>     Network of multiple sections of inductor / capacitor
>>>>>>     combinations [note 18].
>>>>>>
>>>>>>     The two big cans at the side, the big capacitors, are
>>>>>>     probably not highly technical (see fig.7), once the
>>>>>>     fundamental formula has been decided upon all models of a
>>>>>>     Testatika generator would follow a similar construction
>>>>>>     process. The written descriptions are a little contradictory
>>>>>>     but they seem to suggest a central input rod, or tube,
>>>>>>     connecting at the bottom of the cans to a stack of
>>>>>>     inter-linked pancake coils, that are wound secondary-outside
>>>>>>     primary-inside, fitted around a core of 6 hollow donut-ring
>>>>>>     magnets stacked in such a way with plastic spacers as to
>>>>>>     allow air gaps between them, and then finally the output of
>>>>>>     each can is a connection from the top coil of the secondaries
>>>>>>     of the pancake coils to a brass ring around the centre of the
>>>>>>     black plastic top lid --- and from the photographs can be
>>>>>>     seen a large diameter wire or tube [note 19] connecting that
>>>>>>     polarity's output terminal to the top lid's brass ring via a
>>>>>>     brass screw terminal. I would suggest that the ring magnets
>>>>>>     (of anistropic ferrite perhaps) are gapped in this way to
>>>>>>     prevent the magnetic flux fields of the pancake primaries
>>>>>>     co-joining as one sprawling field, because it would be more
>>>>>>     advantageous, and safer, to have each separate pancake's
>>>>>>     magnetic flux cut it's own adjoining secondary coil, and
>>>>>>     divide the secondary output voltage into smaller amounts of
>>>>>>     potential, thus depending less on complicated insulating
>>>>>>     procedures that accompany high voltage single primary /
>>>>>>     single secondary transformers.
>>>>>>
>>>>>>     The use of aluminium mesh and solid copper sheeting is
>>>>>>     commonly used in electronic construction; the outer aluminium
>>>>>>     mesh cylinder would be used to shield stray electrostatic
>>>>>>     charges, and the solid copper cylinder is to shield the large
>>>>>>     amount of stray electromagnetic fields produced by the
>>>>>>     transforming process from high voltage/low current to lower
>>>>>>     voltage/higher current [note 20]. Obviously they don't want
>>>>>>     field contamination taking place between the sensitive
>>>>>>     electrostatic generator and the transformers.
>>>>>>
>>>>>>     Within these two outside shielding-cylinders are 'grid
>>>>>>     condensers' which, according to the 1999 report by the 30
>>>>>>     engineers, can be as many as 20 layers of perforated sheet
>>>>>>     (presumably as concentric cylinders) - which I have indicated
>>>>>>     (in fig.7 for instance) as being electrically connected
>>>>>>     BETWEEN each separate secondary winding - in the fashion of
>>>>>>     an old discovery from the early days of wireless telegraphy
>>>>>>     and based on the 'disruptive discharge coil' devised by
>>>>>>     Nikola Tesla, that such a condenser connected in the center
>>>>>>     of a secondary coil collects the maximum amount of voltage
>>>>>>     created by that secondary. This configuration of one
>>>>>>     condenser inside another inside another etc etc, has a
>>>>>>     striking similarity to the layout of a pulse forming network
>>>>>>     [see note 18].
>>>>>>
>>>>>>     In the red wired can the transformer is wired to output
>>>>>>     negative, and the blue wired can's transformer is wired to
>>>>>>     output positive polarity. Special note should be made of a
>>>>>>     similar arrangement for divided primary / secondary windings
>>>>>>     devised by Van de Graaff in his 'High Voltage Electromagnetic
>>>>>>     Charged-Particle Accelerator Apparatus Having an Insulating
>>>>>>     Magnetic Core' [note 21] with respect to magnetic reluctance
>>>>>>     gaps.
>>>>>>
>>>>>>     Whilst it has been said that the clear perspex disc was
>>>>>>     designated the 'cloud' disc, and the (rear) dark disc the
>>>>>>     'ground' disc I would think this relates to different types
>>>>>>     of acrylics or plastics that might become charged to
>>>>>>     different polarities, as in the triboelectric series, where
>>>>>>     frictional charging of different plastics --- and then
>>>>>>     bringing them close together, might cause donation or
>>>>>>     acceptance from one to the other; I would think from the
>>>>>>     above that cloud represents a donator (positive charge) and
>>>>>>     that ground must mean an acceptor (negative charge). Has
>>>>>>     anyone tried the combination of a teflon disc (extremely
>>>>>>     negative charge) with a glass disc (highly positive charge) ?
>>>>>>
>>>>>>     Or discs doped with paramagnetic particles perhaps [note 22] ?
>>>>>>
>>>>>>
>>>>>>
>>>>>>     *Back-Engineered Methernitha --- Notes*
>>>>>>
>>>>>>     *Note 1* --- For more information on the Pidgeon machine see
>>>>>>     "Electrical Influence Machines" by John Gray, 1903 p. 206 &
>>>>>>     "Philosophical Magazine" Dec 1898, p. 564, and of course the
>>>>>>     Pidgeon patents.
>>>>>>
>>>>>>     *Note 2* --- See "Modern High Speed Influence Machines" by
>>>>>>     V.E. Johnson, 1921, p. 76. Johnson was not only a researcher
>>>>>>     of electrostatic machines but was also an innovative
>>>>>>     constructor of them, and as such was keen to try any
>>>>>>     technique that made his generators more powerful than even
>>>>>>     the specialised Wommelsdorf multi-disc condenser machines.
>>>>>>     This book is an absolute must for those who wish to work in
>>>>>>     this field. Another 'must' is the website of Antonio Carlos
>>>>>>     M. de Queiroz (
>>>>>>     http://www.coe.ufrj.br/~acmq/electrostatic.html ) which is
>>>>>>     absolutely full of information about (and with links to)
>>>>>>     present-day developments in electrostatic machines.
>>>>>>
>>>>>>     *Note 3* --- See "Self-Excited, Alternating, High-Voltage
>>>>>>     Generation Using A Modified Electrostatic Influence Machine"
>>>>>>     by M.Zahn, et al., American Journal of Physics, Vol 42 (1974)
>>>>>>     p. 289.
>>>>>>
>>>>>>     *Note 4* The Methernitha designers have taken a basic Pidgeon
>>>>>>     electric field system and added a few modifications of their
>>>>>>     own, partly to lock a certain polarity of charge to a certain
>>>>>>     area so as to stabilise it, and also to boost certain areas
>>>>>>     with charge. As in their use, for example, of an extra field
>>>>>>     plate located at the top-centre in front of the front disc
>>>>>>     (just under the rectifying valve), note also that this plate,
>>>>>>     or antennae key, is indirectly coupled to the rest of the
>>>>>>     circuit, via a coil setup. Much the same occurs with the two
>>>>>>     plates slightly below it, these plates are connected to a
>>>>>>     brass terminal which connects to a copper wire that goes down
>>>>>>     and winds in a coil shape around a hollow plastic tube, and
>>>>>>     inside the tube will be another wire or small coil that draws
>>>>>>     off the electric charge. So these three plates are using not
>>>>>>     direct connection but induction to get their charge.
>>>>>>
>>>>>>     *Note 5* ------- By looking at how each of the photographed
>>>>>>     machines have been constructed you can see that these are
>>>>>>     high quality crafted structures. I would think each would
>>>>>>     start off as sub-assemblies fitted together by pairs or small
>>>>>>     groups of members, those sub-assemblies of wooden base, big
>>>>>>     cans, perspex framework, discs with bearings and axles, when
>>>>>>     completed would be passed on to the electrical engineers of
>>>>>>     the community who would then fit the wiring connections,
>>>>>>     vacuum tube rectifier and make sure that not only did they
>>>>>>     work but that they looked like a work of art.
>>>>>>
>>>>>>     *Note 6* --- The Fleming valve had been around since 1905 and
>>>>>>     while it progressed to the thermionic valve and audion, by
>>>>>>     1922 the ‘Pearson and Anson Effect’ was discovered whereby
>>>>>>     oscillating currents could be produced with a resistor,
>>>>>>     capacitor and thermionic valve coupled together.
>>>>>>
>>>>>>     *Note 7* --- See US Patent 1,540,998 (9 June 1925) Conversion
>>>>>>     of Atmospheric Electric Energy by Hermann Plauson. He also
>>>>>>     wrote a book of the subject titled "Gewinnung und Verwertung
>>>>>>     der Atmospharischen Elektrizitat" in 1920 in German (which is
>>>>>>     currently held in the British Library).
>>>>>>
>>>>>>     *Note 8* --- Whilst some have seen the smaller 300 Watt
>>>>>>     machine’s discharger/rectifier quite open and not encased in
>>>>>>     a vacuum tube the vacuum tube models would be much more
>>>>>>     efficient and would waste less current. Also, the rectifier
>>>>>>     tube must have a heated filament (which on the 3KW machines
>>>>>>     can be seen as a glowing line running the whole length of the
>>>>>>     grid and coil assembly between the two black end caps, and in
>>>>>>     the films you can see faint flashes coming from behind the
>>>>>>     rectifier so possibly the filament is wrapped around the
>>>>>>     other side of the grid/coil assembly as well). Coolridge,
>>>>>>     back in the 1900’s, discovered that no discharge from the
>>>>>>     cathode to the anode would occur, even at 100,000 volts,
>>>>>>     unless the filament was heated (Physics Review, Vol. 2, Dec
>>>>>>     1913, p. 418). Aluminium mesh will give off electrons quite
>>>>>>     readily and can be used as a cold cathode --- but a heated
>>>>>>     cathode offers the advantage of being able to control the
>>>>>>     oscillations.
>>>>>>
>>>>>>     *Note 9* --- The two long upright tubes are without doubt
>>>>>>     choke coil assemblies in precisely the right place to slow
>>>>>>     down the current where it gets oscillated and rectified. In a
>>>>>>     choke the higher the flow of current the greater will be its
>>>>>>     resistance to that current flow. An even better form of choke
>>>>>>     will have some form of iron core inside it.
>>>>>>
>>>>>>     *Note 10* --- I have come up with 6 different circuits for
>>>>>>     this oscillation section, some of which include small quartz
>>>>>>     crystals. (See notes 13 and 16 on frequency of oscillation).
>>>>>>     The black dial at the rear of the 3kw machine is most likely
>>>>>>     to select a variety of capacitances so as to control the
>>>>>>     oscillations of the circuit, which in turn control disc
>>>>>>     rotational speed.
>>>>>>
>>>>>>     *Note 11* --- The phenomenon of electrostatic motors has been
>>>>>>     well researched over the years (see "Electrostatic Motors" O.
>>>>>>     Jefimenko in "Physics Teacher" Vol. 9, March 1971, p. 121-9,
>>>>>>     and in "Electrostatics And Its Applications" by A.D. Moore
>>>>>>     (1973) p. 131-147; "Electrostatic Motors" by B.Bollee in
>>>>>>     "Philips Tech. Review" Vol 30 (1969), p. 178-194). The
>>>>>>     Methernitha Testatika generators (see a recent report by 30
>>>>>>     engineers) auto-rotate, after they have been started by hand,
>>>>>>     by the same principles of these ES motors.
>>>>>>
>>>>>>     *Note 12* --- J.G.Trump worked for the US Air Force and
>>>>>>     pioneered some highly efficient electrostatic machines around
>>>>>>     the 1960’s (see"Electrostatic Sources of Electric Power" in
>>>>>>     "Elec. Eng." 66:525, June 1947; and "High Voltage Generation
>>>>>>     in Space:The Parametric Electrostatic Machine" in "Progr.
>>>>>>     Astronaut. Rocketry" (vol 3 --- Energy Conversion for Space
>>>>>>     Power) 1961 p745).
>>>>>>
>>>>>>     *Note 13* --- Although the ‘Linden Experiment’ was thought to
>>>>>>     register a frequency of 80-140 MHz this does not necessarily
>>>>>>     mean that the Methernitha generators would oscillate at that
>>>>>>     rate also. Such a frequency seems unnecessarily high.
>>>>>>
>>>>>>     *Note 14* --- See "Plasma --- The Fourth State of Matter" by
>>>>>>     D.A. Frank-Kamenetskii (1972) pp10, and Dr.Patrick Flanagan’s
>>>>>>     US patents 4,743,275 (May 10, 1988) and 4,391,773 (Jul 5, 1983).
>>>>>>
>>>>>>     *Note 15* --- The effect is very similar to the converging
>>>>>>     forces in a non-uniform field, the oscillating perspex blocks
>>>>>>     become one ‘electrode’ and the surrounding air in the room
>>>>>>     becomes the opposite ‘electrode’, and by the processes of
>>>>>>     electrophoresis and dielectrophoresis the electrically
>>>>>>     charged particles in the air (the electrons and negative
>>>>>>     ions) are drawn toward the central electrode, which in this
>>>>>>     case is the perspex block assembly (see "Nonuniform Electric
>>>>>>     Fields" by Herbert A. Pohl in "Scientific American" (Dec
>>>>>>     1960) p. 107-8). I am much more inclined to believe that the
>>>>>>     ingenuity of the design of these types of machines comes from
>>>>>>     physicists and not electronic engineers.
>>>>>>
>>>>>>     *Note 16* --- Dr. Flanagan actually uses the electron field
>>>>>>     generator in his own special ionizer (see Method of Purifying
>>>>>>     Air and Negative Field Generator US Patent 4,391,773).
>>>>>>
>>>>>>     How does an electron cascade generator work, I would think
>>>>>>     that while you have an alternating electron movement (and Dr.
>>>>>>     Flanagan reckons this effect occurs with a high voltage field
>>>>>>     alternating at above 20 KHz) at the metal electrodes, the
>>>>>>     perspex blocks sandwiched between them would transfer the
>>>>>>     electricity not through their mass but around it, as surface
>>>>>>     charge --- actually in the layer of air right next to the
>>>>>>     insulator’s surface. Its the same principle as dielectric
>>>>>>     absorption - the perspex blocks don't discharge themselves
>>>>>>     fast enough to keep up with the alternating voltage and so
>>>>>>     they accumulate more and more charge --- until it forms as a
>>>>>>     layer of charge on the insulator's surface. This means that
>>>>>>     at a high enough frequency the surface-air molecules
>>>>>>     polarize, with the more mobile electrons separating from the
>>>>>>     slower bulks of those molecules and while the electrons get
>>>>>>     thrusted back and forth a secondary layer of (slower)
>>>>>>     positive air ions develops, and so on, and the process of
>>>>>>     high voltage high frequency polarization triggers the
>>>>>>     electron avalanche effect.
>>>>>>
>>>>>>     In the event that the perspex blocks are indeed ELECTRETS (as
>>>>>>     free-energy researcher Geoff Egel and others suggest) I would
>>>>>>     think that they would work in a similar fashion to the above
>>>>>>     process, of dielectric absorption that charges up the blocks
>>>>>>     before they produce the cascade-effect. Because in the
>>>>>>     electret the electrons charged into the perspex/plastic, and
>>>>>>     the positive ions, would still be manipulated by the
>>>>>>     reversing electromagnetic field in such a way as to orientate
>>>>>>     (as with dipoles) back and forth, to eventually reach the
>>>>>>     point (if the whole circuit is tuned properly) where they
>>>>>>     would attain resonance with the immediate air surrounding
>>>>>>     them. And if this effect is similar to an inductance then
>>>>>>     possibly a back-emf will result also, to increase the output
>>>>>>     voltage. Either way I believe the effect will still be an
>>>>>>     electron cascade through the environment and the product of
>>>>>>     this oscillating output (at the blocks) could similarly be
>>>>>>     drawn off and accumulated in the multi-layered base capacitor
>>>>>>     network.
>>>>>>
>>>>>>     I would suggest that a test program to find the best type of
>>>>>>     blocks would be; One --- try different types of
>>>>>>     plastic/acrylic/ceramic materials for the blocks.
>>>>>>     Two --- try different methods of electrifying the plastics
>>>>>>     (as with electrets). Three --- try plastics doped with
>>>>>>     semiconducting particles. Four - try plastics doped with
>>>>>>     paramagnetic particles. Five - try hollow plastic blocks
>>>>>>     containing an electrolytic fluid. More information on
>>>>>>     plastics will be found on the Electret vs Dielectric
>>>>>>     Absorption Page.
>>>>>>
>>>>>>     *Note 17* --- There are several definitions of Bifilar, one
>>>>>>     where the wires cancel out their magnetic fields, and one
>>>>>>     where the wires are wound to ensure a tight low-loss magnetic
>>>>>>     flux coupling, in this case you need all the magnetic flux
>>>>>>     you can get so it must be the latter --- See "Transformers
>>>>>>     For Electronic Circuits" by Nathan R. Grossner (1967), p. 224
>>>>>>     etc.
>>>>>>
>>>>>>     Most commonly used magnetic metal is Mumetal, which is an
>>>>>>     easily saturable magnetic material, routing magnetic flux
>>>>>>     through it rather than in the surrounding air, so as to
>>>>>>     enhance the mutual induction between the two coilings of red
>>>>>>     wire around the horseshoe legs.
>>>>>>
>>>>>>     *Note 18* --- So that the machine's output voltage doesn't
>>>>>>     drain away when it is connected up to a large load, what is
>>>>>>     needed here is a Pulse Forming Network (or artificial delay
>>>>>>     line). "Such a network is an improvement on simple capacitor
>>>>>>     storage because of the cascading action from one capacitor to
>>>>>>     the next along the chain. At the beginning, all capacitors
>>>>>>     are charged to the same voltage but as soon as the first one
>>>>>>     starts to loose voltage, the one behind it is then free to
>>>>>>     discharge into it. This topping-up action, which trickles
>>>>>>     down the network from capacitor to capacitor, is the
>>>>>>     mechanism by which the voltage across the output terminals
>>>>>>     tends to hold onto its original level." (see "High Energy
>>>>>>     Discharge Systems" A.P.Stephenson, Electronics Today
>>>>>>     International, March 1992, pp. 24-26).
>>>>>>
>>>>>>     *Note 19* --- When voltage of a high potential and high
>>>>>>     frequency flows along a wire it does so on the outer surface
>>>>>>     (called the ‘skin effect’) and so the Methernitha would use
>>>>>>     thick wiring or even 1/8" tubing to connect its circuit.
>>>>>>
>>>>>>     *Note 20* --- Two references for shielding are: "A Shielded
>>>>>>     Loop" by S. Goldman in "Electronics" Vol 11 (1938), pp.
>>>>>>     20-22; and "Measurements in Radio Engineering" by F.E. Terman
>>>>>>     (1935), p. 218 & p. 341.
>>>>>>
>>>>>>     *Note 21* --- For information on maximum voltage in the
>>>>>>     center of a secondary coil see "A Handbook of Wireless
>>>>>>     Telegraphy" by J. Erskine-Murray (1913) p. 42; and an article
>>>>>>     called "Dielectric Hysteresis at Radio Frequencies" by E.F.W.
>>>>>>     Alexanderson in "Proc. I.R.E., Vol. 2 (June 1914) p137-157.
>>>>>>     For Van de Graaff's transformer see US patents 3,323,069 (May
>>>>>>     30, 1967) and 3,187,208 (June 1, 1965). These patents were
>>>>>>     not just for a Van de Graaff high voltage generator, they
>>>>>>     were for a special system devised by Van de Graaff long after
>>>>>>     his generator had been in use to convert static electricity
>>>>>>     into current electricity. This system may be a little too
>>>>>>     complicated for the Methernitha but, nevertheless, the
>>>>>>     principles he used for multiple primary / secondary windings
>>>>>>     may be of some interest.
>>>>>>
>>>>>>     *Note 22* --- Dr. Flanagan modified his insulator blocks,
>>>>>>     made of resin, by doping them with paramagnetic granules
>>>>>>     (such as silicon carbide) to enhance even more the electron
>>>>>>     cascade effect; which is an idea that the physicist Thomas
>>>>>>     Townsend Brown first experimented with (by using lead oxide
>>>>>>     granules) in his US Patent 3,187,206 (June 1, 1965) to good
>>>>>>     effect. The surrounding air could also be ‘enhanced’ in
>>>>>>     similar fashion to polarise it's electric charge and improve
>>>>>>     its side of the performance (for those interested in the
>>>>>>     ‘physics’ of this see an article by W.A.Douglas Rudge "On
>>>>>>     Some Sources of Disturbance of the Normal Atmospheric
>>>>>>     Potential Gradient" in Proc. Royal Soc. A, Vol. 90 (1914) pp.
>>>>>>     571, etc).
>>>>>>
>>>>>>     *Note 23* --- Some other generators with similarities to the
>>>>>>     Testatika machine are the "Electrostatic Energy Field Power
>>>>>>     Generating System" invented by William W. Hyde (US Patent
>>>>>>     4,897,592 of Jan 30, 1990) is a rotor/stator variable
>>>>>>     capacitance machine capable of producing 300 KV. Other such
>>>>>>     generators are; "Parametric Electric Machine" invented by
>>>>>>     Ferdinand Cap (US Patent 4,622,510 of Nov 11, 1986) which has
>>>>>>     a series resonant (LCR) circuit structured into it so that it
>>>>>>     oscillates --- and indeed operates AT RESONANCE to ensure a
>>>>>>     high output; "Electrostatic Generator" invented by Dan B. Le
>>>>>>     May, et al. (US Patent 3,094,653 of Jun 18 1963) is a very
>>>>>>     ingenious system of variable capacitance; the "Electrostatic
>>>>>>     Machine" by Noel Felici (US Patent 2,522,106 of Sep 12, 1950)
>>>>>>     is a good standard which utilizes a valve rectifier; and the
>>>>>>     "Electrostatic Generator" by William S. Spencer (US Patent
>>>>>>     1,415,779 of May 9, 1922) is an early rotor/stator generator
>>>>>>     which transferred its electric impulses through a transformer
>>>>>>     to produce a higher current output.
>>>>>>
>>>>>>     ------------------------------------------------------------------------
>>>>>>
>>>>>>     *"Principle Experiment"*
>>>>>>
>>>>>>     *by*
>>>>>>
>>>>>>     *Paul E. Potter*
>>>>>>
>>>>>>     With respect to the 30 engineer's report (of 1999) the
>>>>>>     'principle experiment' was set up in such a way (see diag 1)
>>>>>>     that by swivelling the cross-piece over two other plexiglas
>>>>>>     blocks a current was transferred into two capacitors.
>>>>>>     Possibly when someone grabs hold of the swivelling
>>>>>>     cross-piece they transfer some static electricity from their
>>>>>>     body to the grilles of the cross-piece which, when vigorously
>>>>>>     turned back and forth will initiate a transfer of electric
>>>>>>     charge to the two stacks of blocks below them attached to the
>>>>>>     base. This may either be because anyone walking over a carpet
>>>>>>     or wearing man-made fibres will already hold thousands of
>>>>>>     volts of electrostatic charge - which will be enough to
>>>>>>     'prime' this apparatus after touching it, to get it to work,
>>>>>>     much the same as when a rotating influence machine has to be
>>>>>>     primed with an electric charge before it will work; or, as
>>>>>>     many researchers have surmised already, that the plexiglas
>>>>>>     blocks glued to the swivelling cross-piece had been charged
>>>>>>     up with electricity as an ELECTRET.
>>>>>>
>>>>>>     The use of mesh around the cross-piece guarantees a variable
>>>>>>     capacitance to the moving arms --- and as these are moved
>>>>>>     quickly over the base blocks (again, alternated with mesh and
>>>>>>     Plexiglas) an amount of electric charge will be transferred
>>>>>>     to them EACH TIME the arms go backward-and-forward over them.
>>>>>>     Electronically, you have one variable capacitance acting upon
>>>>>>     another variable capacitance - which is why Baumann said that
>>>>>>     if metal foil were used instead of the mesh it would not
>>>>>>     produce the same effect.
>>>>>>
>>>>>>     What happens next is called "dielectric absorption", and the
>>>>>>     following extract, from "Dielectrics" by P.J.Harrop (1972)
>>>>>>     pp71, will explain;
>>>>>>
>>>>>>     "When a given dielectric [i.e., plexiglas] has a field put
>>>>>>     across it, and this field is then removed, the electrodes are
>>>>>>     briefly shorted out (not enough for all the ions and
>>>>>>     particles to relapse back) and the device left on open
>>>>>>     circuit one finds subsequently that it has partially charged
>>>>>>     up again.
>>>>>>
>>>>>>     This is due to the slow-moving charge carriers remaining in
>>>>>>     position. It can be a frightening phenomenon with practical
>>>>>>     dielectrics since a person who has briefly discharged a
>>>>>>     charged insulator may subsequently touch it and be severely
>>>>>>     shocked." Some dielectric materials being more prone to this
>>>>>>     effect than others, and so obviously some experimentation
>>>>>>     will be needed to choose the best perspex, plexiglas,
>>>>>>     plastic, or acrylic materials so as to take the most
>>>>>>     advantage from this dielectric absorption effect.
>>>>>>
>>>>>>     Once the blocks are being charged up the electric charge
>>>>>>     simply flows into the two interconnected capacitors and
>>>>>>     accumulates.
>>>>>>
>>>>>>     *Linden Experiment ~*
>>>>>>
>>>>>>     A look at the only available diagram of the Linden experiment
>>>>>>     (see diag 2) shows a horseshoe magnet coupled to what seems
>>>>>>     to be a closed-ended wire. It can also be seen in this
>>>>>>     diagram that the wire coils around the magnet are
>>>>>>     sufficiently spaced apart so as to provide capacitance
>>>>>>     (between each coil of the wire) in the circuit. So, with
>>>>>>     capacitance, coils (for induction), and magnetic flux, you
>>>>>>     have all the ingredients needed to make an oscillating
>>>>>>     circuit --- provided there is a supply of voltage and some
>>>>>>     sort of interruption mechanism - then you have a circuit that
>>>>>>     will resonate. And this leads us back to that oft repeated
>>>>>>     question --- is the block used in the Linden Experiment an
>>>>>>     electret. The first person to PUBLISH how they have
>>>>>>     duplicated this experiment will be the one to answer that
>>>>>>     question...
>>>>>>
>>>>>>     But there is something wrong with this diagram --- the
>>>>>>     resonant frequency of this simple circuit --- depending only
>>>>>>     on the values of inductance and capacitance included in the
>>>>>>     circuit would consequently enable it to oscillate at only a
>>>>>>     few kilohertz at best. No circuit of capacitance/inductance
>>>>>>     can be made to resonate at such a high frequency as claimed,
>>>>>>     not even if it included any form of quartz crystal. If, as
>>>>>>     the diagram says, it resonates at 140 MHz then there must be
>>>>>>     a Lecher wire system (the running of two conducting wires in
>>>>>>     a parallel line, about a foot apart or less, for several
>>>>>>     feet) to make it resonate at such a high frequency. It would
>>>>>>     seem to me also that a required modification of the Linden
>>>>>>     Experiment diagram would be to put a different metal into
>>>>>>     this circuit where the wire is said to be "closed-ended", say
>>>>>>     for instance a zinc plate, then there will be a contact
>>>>>>     voltage established between the copper wire and the zinc
>>>>>>     plate. Such a voltage would start the circuit resonating, for
>>>>>>     the reasons stated above.
>>>>>>
>>>>>>     And as with the Tini setup if a block comprising two metal
>>>>>>     plates separated by a suitable dielectric material (such as
>>>>>>     plexiglas) is placed in an oscillating electric field the
>>>>>>     electric charge on the metal plates will permeate into the
>>>>>>     dielectric, and for the same reasons as detailed above in the
>>>>>>     Principle Experiment, will temporarily accumulate voltage
>>>>>>     because of dielectric absorption. As I have already said
>>>>>>     elsewhere there is a great similarity between the phenomenon
>>>>>>     of the Testatika horseshoe blocks (and the Tini setup) and
>>>>>>     the principle behind Patrick Flanagan's Electron Field
>>>>>>     Generator which energizes an electron cascade mechanism
>>>>>>     throughout the immediate environment.
>>>>>>
>>>>>>     *Geoff Egel (1997) --- http://www2.murray.net.au/users/egel ~*
>>>>>>
>>>>>>     *Rectifier Circuit ~*
>>>>>>
>>>>>>     ------------------------------------------------------------------------
>>>>>>
>>>>>>     *Unidentified European Report ~*
>>>>>>
>>>>>>
>>>>>>     *"Believe or Not, Here It Is!"*
>>>>>>
>>>>>>
>>>>>>     The first really running "free energy" machine coming from
>>>>>>     Switzerland, Europe. It was developed over a 20 years
>>>>>>     Research period by a religious group called: METHERNITHA.
>>>>>>     This group lives in CH-3517 Linden, Switzerland. The inventor
>>>>>>     of this superb machine, Mr.Paul Baumann claims, its running
>>>>>>     principle was found by studying the lightning effects from
>>>>>>     nature.
>>>>>>
>>>>>>     And here are the facts :
>>>>>>
>>>>>>     * Testatika is an influence-type Wimhurst machine which runs
>>>>>>     on it's own energy, once started by counterclock revolving
>>>>>>     it's 2 dics by hand !!!
>>>>>>
>>>>>>     * Testatika not only runs on it' own energy, but produces
>>>>>>     also a huge amount of excess power, at least 3 KWATTS of
>>>>>>     power! That is enough to supply a one-person apartment with
>>>>>>     one machine!
>>>>>>
>>>>>>     * The machine you see during this demo-animation is only
>>>>>>     about 70 cm wide, 40 cm deep and about 60 cm tall !
>>>>>>
>>>>>>     * It delivers DC-Voltage ranging from 270 til 320 Volts, only
>>>>>>     depending on the dryness of the air! At this voltage it can
>>>>>>     supply at least 10 Amperes of DC-current !
>>>>>>
>>>>>>     * Testatika is not a perpetuum mobile, but an energy machine
>>>>>>     that collects it's huge amount of "FREE" energy from the
>>>>>>     charged and ionized air particles. But there are still some
>>>>>>     technological tricks implemented to overcome the normal
>>>>>>     drag-resistance of a conventional Wimhurst machine, which is
>>>>>>     still the secret of the Methernitha group !!!
>>>>>>
>>>>>>     When will this technology be available for everyone?
>>>>>>
>>>>>>     The Testatika machines, (there already exists also some
>>>>>>     smaller units which only deliver about 200-300 Watts) are not
>>>>>>     yet mass-production type models! They are still laboratory
>>>>>>     prototype units, although they are build with a very good
>>>>>>     craftmansship !
>>>>>>
>>>>>>     For more info contact directly:
>>>>>>
>>>>>>     METHERNITHA, CH-3517 LINDEN, Switzerland
>>>>>>     TEL.-Nr.: ++ 41 31 97 11 24
>>>>>>
>>>>>>     The pictures are from some photos and from a video-tape
>>>>>>     Methernitha sells. It shows the machines (also the smaler
>>>>>>     ones) and explains also Methernitha's spiritual aims. The
>>>>>>     tape has a running length of about 40 minutes and is really
>>>>>>     worth looking at it! It is also available in
>>>>>>     VHS-NTSC and American language. It also shows Methernitha's
>>>>>>     earlier research developments like huge wind generators.
>>>>>>
>>>>>>     With the Testatika there is no fraud, hidden batteries or any
>>>>>>     other hidden  energy source. It is really running! They
>>>>>>     already have the technology of ten years ahead! No more oil,
>>>>>>     no more pollution, no more atomic waste products, no more
>>>>>>     hunger in this world! This is the machine the mankind has
>>>>>>     dreamed about for centuries. Now it has come true!
>>>>>>
>>>>>>     More information about the Methernitha machine is also
>>>>>>     available in the German magazine /RAUM & ZEIT/, issue Nr.40 (8).
>>>>>>
>>>>>>     ------------------------------------------------------------------------
>>>>>>
>>>>>>
>>>>>>     *Jean L. Naudin Labs (4 February 1998) ~*
>>>>>>
>>>>>>     *"Testatika Generator and Over-Unity"*
>>>>>>
>>>>>>     *by*
>>>>>>
>>>>>>     *Cyril Smith*
>>>>>>
>>>>>>
>>>>>>     Having read Nelson Camus’ article purporting to "explain" the
>>>>>>     Testatika over-unity generator
>>>>>>     (http://members.aol.com/overunity2/nelson/testatic.htm), I am
>>>>>>     of the opinion that the real explanation is hidden amongst
>>>>>>     the 19th century electrical mumbo jumbo which makes up much
>>>>>>     of the machine (Leyden Jars, Horseshoe Magnets, Wimshurst
>>>>>>     Generator and so on). From the description of spiral-wound
>>>>>>     foil capacitors containing radioactive material and placed
>>>>>>     within current carrying coils it strikes me that perhaps the
>>>>>>     real energy comes from Beta particles (fast electrons)
>>>>>>     absorbed into the electrical circuit.
>>>>>>
>>>>>>     To extract energy from Beta particles it is not just enough
>>>>>>     to capture them. Clearly this will result in a current flow
>>>>>>     according to the capture rate, but current by itself is not
>>>>>>     power. The kinetic energy of the particle must be captured
>>>>>>     and this will result in potential difference or voltage. If a
>>>>>>     Beta particle enters a thin foil conductor normal to its
>>>>>>     surface and is captured, then the potential difference
>>>>>>     associated with giving up its kinetic energy can be expected
>>>>>>     to occur across the opposite faces of the foil. If however
>>>>>>     the Beta particle were turned so as to enter at a shallow
>>>>>>     grazing angle to the surface, not only would the probability
>>>>>>     of capture be increased (since the particle will travel
>>>>>>     further within the material) but the potential difference
>>>>>>     will occur along the length of the foil. Beta particles
>>>>>>     travelling even at relavistic velocities can be turned within
>>>>>>     short distances by relatively weak magnetic fields, so the
>>>>>>     concept shown in the following Figure suggests itself.
>>>>>>
>>>>>>     ------------------------------------------------------------------------
>>>>>>
>>>>>>
>>>>>>     *Methernitha Statement of Purpose ~*
>>>>>>
>>>>>>     *"The Research Work of Methernitha in the Field of the
>>>>>>     so-called Free Energy"*
>>>>>>
>>>>>>
>>>>>>     Ever since the foundation of Methernitha there existed a
>>>>>>     department for research, development and electronics, which
>>>>>>     was concerned with the problem of alternative energy sources,
>>>>>>     namely with technologies, which were suited to exploit the
>>>>>>     inherent forces of nature and thus to unlock sources of
>>>>>>     energy  without disturbing natures ecological balance in any
>>>>>>     negative way. Any technology man invents should serve him in
>>>>>>     short as well as in long terms, and this condition is not
>>>>>>     fulfilled as soon as it opposes nature in any way.
>>>>>>
>>>>>>     This team of research within Methernitha works completely
>>>>>>     autonomous and is financed out of the co-operatives own
>>>>>>     resources, without any outside support.
>>>>>>
>>>>>>     The efficient utilisation of wind energy was one of the first
>>>>>>     objectives of Methernitha's research program. At the
>>>>>>     beginning generators with special excitation were developed,
>>>>>>     which allowed to load the cells of accumulators even at low
>>>>>>     RPM at times when there are only moderate air movements.
>>>>>>
>>>>>>     Utilising the kinetic energy of water currents was another
>>>>>>     field of interest of the development team, but it was pursued
>>>>>>     more as hobby. The key problem was here to transfer the slow
>>>>>>     revolutions of the waterwheel to an extent that the
>>>>>>     excitation threshold of the generator could be surpassed by a
>>>>>>     minimal loss of energy.
>>>>>>
>>>>>>     Also solar cells and solar heat collectors attracted the
>>>>>>     attention of our researchers since a long time. But since in
>>>>>>     these fields other institutions have attained outstanding
>>>>>>     results, Methernitha started, and this was already more than
>>>>>>     30 years ago, to concentrate its efforts on lesser known and
>>>>>>     even generally unknown sources of energy. The result of this
>>>>>>     scientific work is the Thestatica machine.
>>>>>>
>>>>>>      The question arises: How it comes, that Methernitha, nothing
>>>>>>     more than a private organisation, could invest so much time,
>>>>>>     engagement, perseverance and  financial resources in this
>>>>>>     kind of research.
>>>>>>
>>>>>>      Research and development are integrated parts of the general
>>>>>>     idealistic concept of Methernitha. To make you understand
>>>>>>     these ideals and goals, we will now introduce you into the
>>>>>>     practical sides of this spiritual community Methernitha, as
>>>>>>     it  functions as a co-operative of people, living and working
>>>>>>     together.
>>>>>>
>>>>>>      Linden is a calm village of farmers just as dozens of others
>>>>>>     in the region of the valley called Emmental. However Linden
>>>>>>     is also the home of a special form of human life, which is
>>>>>>     capable of attracting more and more people from all over the
>>>>>>     globe, and which has repeatedly caused astonishment through
>>>>>>     its excellent functioning, even in extremely difficult
>>>>>>     situations.
>>>>>>
>>>>>>      There is no doubt that the formation of Methernitha is also
>>>>>>     a good part of the life story of Paul Baumann. Through his
>>>>>>     extraordinary technical capabilities, but also through his
>>>>>>     astonishing practicable wisdom he opened relations to all
>>>>>>     kind of people with ideals and in many places, and pretty
>>>>>>     soon, the idea to form a co-operative enterprise took shape.
>>>>>>
>>>>>>     "In the name of the God Almighty" people of equal thinking
>>>>>>     gathered and founded a co-operative, which could serve as the
>>>>>>     economic basis of this spiritual community.
>>>>>>
>>>>>>     "We want to be a united group of brothers, and never separate
>>>>>>     however severe the burden may be", this was the solemn vow.
>>>>>>
>>>>>>     Renunciation of alcohol and smoking and the will to realise a
>>>>>>     harmonious community life without dispute and discord like in
>>>>>>     the original Christian communities were the prerequisites to
>>>>>>     become a member. For the members Methernitha is an ideal
>>>>>>     opportunity to lead a fulfilled life by practising charity.
>>>>>>
>>>>>>     A workshop was erected and soon, one house after the other
>>>>>>     grew on these premises. Also all construction was done out of
>>>>>>     own resources and solely with the savings from the common work.
>>>>>>
>>>>>>     Today Methernitha is a social model proving the quality of
>>>>>>     its ideals through its well functioning just more than forty
>>>>>>     years. The people working here are almost without exception
>>>>>>     members of Methernitha.
>>>>>>
>>>>>>     Not even the prospering development that took place over the
>>>>>>     following decades could impair or even suppress the global
>>>>>>     idealistic aims. On the contrary, everybody works in his own
>>>>>>     interest with diligence and great joy towards the erection
>>>>>>     and the support of their new  homeland and according to the
>>>>>>     principle:
>>>>>>
>>>>>>     One for all and all for one!
>>>>>>
>>>>>>     With this word one can conquer anything. Also the ancient
>>>>>>     truths appear again and attain respect.
>>>>>>
>>>>>>     The people living here feel themselves as members of a
>>>>>>     family, like a group sitting in the same boat and proud, but
>>>>>>     also grateful proprietors of their own beautiful homeland,
>>>>>>     which they may shape exactly as they wish to. Evidently, this
>>>>>>     form of human social life can function only on the base of
>>>>>>     idealistic principles.
>>>>>>
>>>>>>     The question arises, how the realisation of a sincere
>>>>>>     religious philosophy of life may be brought in harmony with a
>>>>>>     successful economic management. It is not obvious at all,
>>>>>>     that this is attainable.
>>>>>>
>>>>>>     Nowadays there are many amongst us that are caught in the
>>>>>>     world-wide and dense network of social and economic
>>>>>>     dependencies and obligations and many also feel the
>>>>>>     confrontation with its problems.
>>>>>>
>>>>>>      One member of the economic directory has recently phrased
>>>>>>     this in the following way:
>>>>>>
>>>>>>     "The fact that all essential functions of Methernitha are
>>>>>>     fulfilled without any external force, driven solely through
>>>>>>     inner conviction, which causes everybody to help and take
>>>>>>     care of the other, this is for me the most astonishing effect
>>>>>>     which is produced by this form of living together. It seems
>>>>>>     to be a miracle."
>>>>>>
>>>>>>      Another miracle within Methernitha is the Thestatica, which
>>>>>>     is the result of more than 20 years of research.
>>>>>>
>>>>>>      This wonder machine is lurked from nature, nothing else.
>>>>>>     Nature is the greatest source of power as well as knowledge
>>>>>>     which man has, and it still conceals many secrets, which are
>>>>>>     only revealed to those, who approach and tie in with them
>>>>>>     with highest  respect and responsibility.
>>>>>>
>>>>>>     To understand nature and to perceive its voice, man is
>>>>>>     obliged to experience silence and solitude, and it was there,
>>>>>>     where the knowledge about this technology was obtained.
>>>>>>
>>>>>>     For these reasons it was always a great concern of
>>>>>>     Methernitha to acquire properties, untouched by man as far as
>>>>>>     possible, be it in valleys or forests, in the mountains or
>>>>>>     ashore of lakes, where one could study nature, ones own being
>>>>>>     and the creator of all this universe in silence and
>>>>>>     concentration and without being disturbed.
>>>>>>
>>>>>>     The public never understood this properly, rather interpreted
>>>>>>     it wrongly as an act of seclusion, assuming we had to hide
>>>>>>     something unclean. We actually had --- and still have --- to
>>>>>>     take great troubles to realise undisturbed all the things we
>>>>>>     intended to accomplish.
>>>>>>
>>>>>>     Such undertaking in research and development necessitate
>>>>>>     considerable financial expenditures. Therefore we are quite
>>>>>>     often obliged to construct things with most primitive means
>>>>>>     and materials. What was thrown away by our affluent society,
>>>>>>     we collect and possibly set up with it a cornerstone in the
>>>>>>     discovery of new forces and truth.
>>>>>>
>>>>>>     We are fortunate in gaining the experience that paradoxically
>>>>>>     the most beautiful and useful results can be achieved by just
>>>>>>     using the most simple means. Never did we use any borrowed
>>>>>>     capital because we want to stay free Swiss citizens and do
>>>>>>     not want to be hindered or even bound in any way in the
>>>>>>     pursuance of our aims.
>>>>>>
>>>>>>     The two conterrotating discs generate an electrostatic
>>>>>>     charge. One disc represents the earth, the other the cloud.
>>>>>>     Using grid electrodes the charges are bound. After that they
>>>>>>     are collected by non-contacting so-called antenna keys and
>>>>>>     then sorted.
>>>>>>
>>>>>>     After being initially turned on by hand, the discs rotate by
>>>>>>     themselves according to the electrostatic laws about
>>>>>>     attraction and repulsion. A rectifying diode keeps the cycles
>>>>>>     in steady state. Otherwise the impulses of attraction and
>>>>>>     repulsion would accumulate and cause the discs to run faster
>>>>>>     and faster. The correct speed is of great importance and for
>>>>>>     optimal power generation the discs have to run quite steady
>>>>>>     and slow.
>>>>>>
>>>>>>     By means of grid condensers the energy is stored and then
>>>>>>     uniformly discharged, at the same time reducing the high
>>>>>>     voltage and building up power with additional devices.
>>>>>>     Finally the machine supplies a uniform direct current, which
>>>>>>     varies according to the size of the model. The machine
>>>>>>     furnishes about 3-4kW permanent output, depending on
>>>>>>     humidity, whereby the electric potential ranges from 270 to
>>>>>>     320Volt. High humidity of the atmosphere prevents the
>>>>>>     build-up of electric potential. The drier the air, the better.
>>>>>>
>>>>>>     No doubt, through the so far achieved results one main
>>>>>>     objective has been reached, namely to prove that it is
>>>>>>     possible to use Free Energy. Nevertheless the research work
>>>>>>     is not yet completed.
>>>>>>
>>>>>>     To the educated physicist many a thing of this machine may
>>>>>>     seem impossible, maybe even crazy. Maybe he is also offended
>>>>>>     by the conceptions used to explain the whole. Only partly we
>>>>>>     could use the concepts of conventional physical terminology
>>>>>>     to explain and define only approximately the functions and
>>>>>>     properties of the various parts of the machine.
>>>>>>
>>>>>>     After all it will be necessary to create some more new
>>>>>>     concepts like the one we have already used before, when we
>>>>>>     termed the non-contacting collectors of electric charges as
>>>>>>     antenna keys.
>>>>>>
>>>>>>     This machine puts experts, which are just trained in
>>>>>>     conventional physics to a very hard test, because its mode of
>>>>>>     action is not explainable with the state of the art of
>>>>>>     officially accepted physical knowledge, or at the most only
>>>>>>     partially explainable. However also a trained specialist
>>>>>>     should remain free and independent in his thinking, and
>>>>>>     should avoid to be limited by the temporal framework of
>>>>>>     publicly admitted knowledge in any science.
>>>>>>
>>>>>>     It has to be remembered that the established science was
>>>>>>     already many times forced to change or give up some of its
>>>>>>     very fundamental concepts. Think about Galilee, to name only
>>>>>>     one example. Our human society almost condemned this man as a
>>>>>>     sorcerer and magician, just because he investigated and
>>>>>>     discovered a truth that seemed unacceptable by the
>>>>>>     established science of the days.
>>>>>>
>>>>>>     The book knowledge of any times is not wrong, but it is
>>>>>>     incomplete, and therefore allows to draw wrong conclusions.
>>>>>>
>>>>>>     We are part of a new area which brings to light many new
>>>>>>     facts and new knowledge. The clothes of nowadays science have
>>>>>>     become too tight and should be stripped off, just as the
>>>>>>     larva of an insect does with its skin. Only this will allow a
>>>>>>     true metamorphosis to take its course, and finally, at the
>>>>>>     limits and at the destination of all worldly knowledge, an
>>>>>>     universal and unlimited spiritual science, radiating and
>>>>>>     beautiful, just as the completed imago of an insect, may give
>>>>>>     its blessings and benediction to a renovated humanity.
>>>>>>
>>>>>>     To ever reach there, a universal development of man has to
>>>>>>     take place. This however is only possible when man becomes
>>>>>>     aware of his true role within the whole creation, and again
>>>>>>     learns to recognise his true tasks, because the whole
>>>>>>     universe functions within a strict and precisely structured
>>>>>>     order according to the will and word of the creator.
>>>>>>     Therefore also man should recognise and realise these
>>>>>>     universal laws that are valid within the whole and within
>>>>>>     every part of this creation.
>>>>>>
>>>>>>     The hard facts rather show how far man has left the divine
>>>>>>     order through his self willed and authoritarian way of action
>>>>>>     and that he has become the actual cause of all discord and
>>>>>>     evil on this planet.
>>>>>>
>>>>>>     Unfortunately the ruling bodies that should be responsible
>>>>>>     for the well-being of the people work too often with the
>>>>>>     target to make life more and more difficult and to render
>>>>>>     impossible every free spiritual development.
>>>>>>
>>>>>>     Instead of utilising the achievements of science and
>>>>>>     technology for the benefit and preservation of all form of
>>>>>>     life, they are abused carelessly and irresponsibly  to
>>>>>>     destroy and to kill, and thus turn them into a curse upon
>>>>>>     mankind.
>>>>>>
>>>>>>     To change all this, the evolution of a new technology is not
>>>>>>     enough, even if it were the most ecological and ingenious. To
>>>>>>     change this present status one has to go much deeper down, to
>>>>>>     the root-cause of all this evil, and this is mans way of
>>>>>>     thinking, his state of mind.
>>>>>>
>>>>>>     The ancient divine commandments are still valid today and
>>>>>>     also show today the way and direction humanity should go, as
>>>>>>     clearly spoken by the prophet Mica:
>>>>>>
>>>>>>     God has told you what is good. And what is it that the Lord
>>>>>>     asks of you? Only to act justly, to love loyalty, to walk
>>>>>>     wisely before your God.
>>>>>>
>>>>>>     ------------------------------------------------------------------------
>>>>>>
>>>>>>     *"Testatika-Distatica Machine"*
>>>>>>
>>>>>>     (Transcribed from the Methernitha Testatika video by Paul E
>>>>>>     Potter)
>>>>>>
>>>>>>     "... The efficient utilization of wind energy was one of the
>>>>>>     first objectives of Methernitha’s research program.
>>>>>>
>>>>>>     At the beginning generators with special excitation were
>>>>>>     developed which allowed to load the cells of accumulators
>>>>>>     even at low rpm, at times when there are only moderate
>>>>>>     movements.
>>>>>>
>>>>>>     Utilizing the kinetic energy of water currents was another
>>>>>>     field of interest of the development team, but it was pursued
>>>>>>     more as hobby. The key problem was here to transfer the slow
>>>>>>     revolutions of the water-wheel to an extent that the
>>>>>>     excitation threshold of the generator could be surpassed by a
>>>>>>     minimal loss of energy. Also solar cells and solar heat
>>>>>>     collectors attracted the attention of our researchers since a
>>>>>>     long time. But since in these fields other institutions have
>>>>>>     obtained outstanding results Methernitha started, and this
>>>>>>     was already more than 20 years ago [since 1960], to
>>>>>>     concentrate its efforts on lesser-known and even generally
>>>>>>     unknown sources of energy, the result of this scientific work
>>>>>>     is the Testatika machine of which most of you may have heard
>>>>>>     already.
>>>>>>
>>>>>>     The two counter-rotating discs generate an electrostatic
>>>>>>     charge. One disc represents the earth, the other the cloud.
>>>>>>     Using grid-electrodes* the charges are bound. After that they
>>>>>>     are collected by non-contacted, so-called, antennae keys**
>>>>>>     and then sorted [shorted ?].
>>>>>>
>>>>>>     After being initially turned on by hand the discs rotate by
>>>>>>     themselves according to the electrostatic laws about
>>>>>>     attraction and repulsion.
>>>>>>
>>>>>>     A rectifying-diode keeps the cycles in steady state,
>>>>>>     otherwise the impulses of attraction and repulsion would
>>>>>>     accumulate and cause the disc to run faster and faster. The
>>>>>>     correct speed is of great importance, and for optimum power
>>>>>>     generation the discs have to run quite steady and slow.
>>>>>>
>>>>>>     By means of grid-condensers* the energy is stored and it is
>>>>>>     then uniformly discharged, at the same time reducing the
>>>>>>     high-voltage and building up power with additional devices.
>>>>>>
>>>>>>     Finally, the machine supplies a uniform direct current which
>>>>>>     varies according to size of the model.
>>>>>>
>>>>>>     The machine furnishes about 3 to 4 Kilo-Watt permanent
>>>>>>     output, depending on humidity, whereby the electrical
>>>>>>     potential ranges from 270 to 320 volt. High humidity of the
>>>>>>     atmosphere prevents the build up of electric potential. The
>>>>>>     dryer the air the better.
>>>>>>
>>>>>>     No doubt, through the so-far achieved results, one main
>>>>>>     objective has been reached, namely, to prove that it is
>>>>>>     possible to use free energy. Nevertheless, the research work
>>>>>>     is not yet completed: To finish a model which can be handed
>>>>>>     out more or less to anybody and without any haphazards, also
>>>>>>     to non-specialists, much work and also time will still be
>>>>>>     needed.
>>>>>>
>>>>>>     Only partly we could use the concepts of conventional
>>>>>>     physical terminology in order to explain and define only
>>>>>>     approximately the functions and properties of the various
>>>>>>     parts of the machine. After all, it will be necessary to
>>>>>>     create some more new concepts, like the one we have already
>>>>>>     used before, when we termed the non-contacting collectors of
>>>>>>     electric charge as antennae keys**. This machine puts experts
>>>>>>     who are just trained in conventional physics to a very hard
>>>>>>     test..."
>>>>>>
>>>>>>     * The German original has gitter-condensers, with gitter
>>>>>>     defined as wire lattice, grille, grate.
>>>>>>
>>>>>>     ** the original word used is tasten or taster, which means
>>>>>>     antenna, probe, key.
>>>>>>
>>>>>>     ------------------------------------------------------------------------
>>>>>>
>>>>>>
>>>>>>     *Your Support Maintains this Service -- **
>>>>>>     * *
>>>>>>     * *BUY**
>>>>>>     * *
>>>>>>     * *The**Rex Research Civilization Kit **
>>>>>>     * *
>>>>>>     * *... It's Your Best Bet & Investment in Sustainable
>>>>>>     Humanity on Earth ... **
>>>>>>     **Ensure & Enhance Your Survival & Genome Transmission ...****
>>>>>>     * *Everything @ rexresearch.com on a Data DVD ! **
>>>>>>     * *
>>>>>>     * *ORDER PAGE <http://www.rexresearch.com/order.htm>**
>>>>>>     * *
>>>>>>     *
>>>>>>     **
>>>>>>     ------------------------------------------------------------------------
>>>>>>
>>>>>>
>>>>>> On 12/6/2017 6:15 PM, Mick [email protected] [EVGRAY] wrote:
>>>>>>>
>>>>>>> Hi Norm,
>>>>>>>
>>>>>>> Yes when I asked you about endothermic circuits you pointed me 
>>>>>>> towards page 25 of Colorado Springs where Dr T uses a gas tube.  
>>>>>>> I guess I am still missing something as I thought longitudinal 
>>>>>>> electricity can elicit an E field in electrostatics between two 
>>>>>>> spherical resonant caps for instance but in it's native form is 
>>>>>>> a background scalar field. Have much to learn...
>>>>>>>
>>>>>>> I assume you know about this as the article claims you 
>>>>>>> introduced the parties, maybe that's where it ends but I thought 
>>>>>>> you would be the one to ask as your name was mentioned.  I have 
>>>>>>> read about the Coler device with the four inductors magnets and 
>>>>>>> the verniers.  I am sure there is so much more to this as what 
>>>>>>> filters out to the public is generally just a small taste as per 
>>>>>>> the article you sent when the UK distilled down 200 pages to 30.
>>>>>>>
>>>>>>> The experiment was the Hawkings generator and below is the link.
>>>>>>>
>>>>>>> http://www.commutefaster.com/Hawkings%20generator%20of%20cold%20electricity.pdf
>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>
>>>>>>> On 12/6/2017 1:44 PM, Norman Wootan [email protected] [EVGRAY] wrote:
>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>> Mick!!  Please provide a little more info on this particular 
>>>>>>>> experiment for I have been involved with using magnets to 
>>>>>>>> translate "ZPE" component of 4th state (plasma) found in gas 
>>>>>>>> tubes. Longitudinal electricity does not have the electric  nor 
>>>>>>>> magnetic vectors (A / B fields), so magnets translate it into 
>>>>>>>> normal electric current.  The Hans Coler device worked this 
>>>>>>>> way!  He was using atmospheric antennae and we used "Plasma"!
>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>> *Han's Coler's "Free Energy" Generators*
>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>> *by*
>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>> *Robert A. Nelson*
>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>> *Copyright 1999
>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>> *
>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>> ------------------------------------------------------------------------
>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>> ------------------------------------------------------------------------
>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>> *
>>>>>>>> HANS COLER's GERMAN PATENT 
>>>>>>>> <http://rexresearch.com/coler/de680761.pdf>*
>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>> *( PDF Format )
>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>> *
>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>> ------------------------------------------------------------------------
>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>>     *Immediately* after World War Two, Allied technical teams
>>>>>>>>     plundered all the scientific data they could find in
>>>>>>>>     Germany. Much of what they learned remains classified to
>>>>>>>>     this day. One most remarkable exception to this secrecy is
>>>>>>>>     the declassified British Intelligence Objectives
>>>>>>>>     Subcommittee (BIOS) Final Report #1043, Item #32: "The
>>>>>>>>     Invention of Hans Coler Relating to an Alleged New Source
>>>>>>>>     of Power". Coler was interviewed by R. Hurst (Ministry of
>>>>>>>>     Supply) and Capt. R. Sandberg (Norwegian Army):
>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>>     "[Naval Captain] Hans Coler is the inventor of two devices
>>>>>>>>     by which it is alleged that electric energy may be derived
>>>>>>>>     without a chemical or mechanical source of power. Since an
>>>>>>>>     official interest was taken in his inventions by the German
>>>>>>>>     Admiralty it was felt that an investigation was warranted,
>>>>>>>>     although normally it would be considered that such a claim
>>>>>>>>     could only be fraudulent... Accordingly, Coler was visited
>>>>>>>>     and interrogated. He proved to be cooperative and willing
>>>>>>>>     to discuss all details of his devices, and consented to
>>>>>>>>     build and put into operation a small model of the so-called
>>>>>>>>     Magnetstromapparat [Magnet Current Apparatus]... With this
>>>>>>>>     device, consisting only of permanent magnets, copper coils
>>>>>>>>     and condensers in a static arrangement, he showed that he
>>>>>>>>     could obtain a tension of 450 mv for several hours... One
>>>>>>>>     model is said to have worked for three months locked in a
>>>>>>>>     room in the Norwegian Legation in Berlin in 1933... The
>>>>>>>>     greatest tension obtained was 12 volts."
>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>>     Coler also invented another device called the /Stromzeuger/
>>>>>>>>     (Current Generator). He claimed that, "with an input of a
>>>>>>>>     few watts from a dry battery an output of 6 kW could be
>>>>>>>>     obtained indefinitely." The last and largest model which
>>>>>>>>     Coler built was destroyed by a bomb in 1945, but "Coler
>>>>>>>>     expressed his willingness to construct it, given the
>>>>>>>>     materials, the time required being about 3 weeks." The
>>>>>>>>     public version of the BIOS report does not state whether or
>>>>>>>>     not this was done. However, Bill Lehr (d. 1996) informed
>>>>>>>>     this writer that a close friend of his once saw a
>>>>>>>>     Stromzeuger in operation in the offices of MI5 in London,
>>>>>>>>     and a copy of the original BIOS report which was over 200
>>>>>>>>     pages in length. The declassified report is a mere 30 pages
>>>>>>>>     long. Hurst and Sandberg also interviewed Dr. F. Modersohn,
>>>>>>>>     who had been collaborated with Coler and financed his
>>>>>>>>     research for 10 years; he corroborated every detail of
>>>>>>>>     Coler's story. The Magnetstromapparat was developed by
>>>>>>>>     Coler and von Unruh (who had died by 1945), and they were
>>>>>>>>     assisted by Franz Haid of Siemens-Schukert. Haid also built
>>>>>>>>     a working model which was seen in operation by Dr. Kurt Mie
>>>>>>>>     (Berlin Technische Hochschule) and Herr Fehr, who was the
>>>>>>>>     assistant of the renowned scientist Fritz Haber. The
>>>>>>>>     Magnetstromapparat was described thus:
>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>>     "This device consists of 6 permanent magnets wound in a
>>>>>>>>     special way so that the circuit includes the magnet itself
>>>>>>>>     as well as the winding (Fig. 1). These 6 magnet-coils are
>>>>>>>>     arranged in a hexagon and connected as shown in the diagram
>>>>>>>>     (Figs. 2 & 3), in a circuit which includes two small
>>>>>>>>     condensers, a switch, and a pair of solenoid coils, one
>>>>>>>>     sliding inside the other. To bring the device into
>>>>>>>>     operation the switch is left open, the magnets are moved
>>>>>>>>     slightly apart, and the sliding coil set into various
>>>>>>>>     positions, with a wait of several minutes between
>>>>>>>>     adjustments. The magnets are then separated still further,
>>>>>>>>     and the coils moved again. This process is repeated until
>>>>>>>>     at a critical separation an indication appears on the
>>>>>>>>     voltmeter. The switch is now closed, and the procedure
>>>>>>>>     continued more slowly. The tension then builds up gradually
>>>>>>>>     to a maximum, and should then remain indefinitely. The
>>>>>>>>     greatest tension obtained was stated to be 12 volts...
>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>>     "In our presence, Coler built an apparatus as shown in
>>>>>>>>     Figures 1-3. It is to be noted that some of the magnets are
>>>>>>>>     wound in a clockwise direction looking at the N pole
>>>>>>>>     (called _left_) and others in an anti-clockwise direction
>>>>>>>>     (called _right_). The magnets were selected to be as nearly
>>>>>>>>     equal in strength as possible, and the resistance of the
>>>>>>>>     magnet-coil combination was checked after winding to see
>>>>>>>>     that this also was uniform (about 0.33 ohm). The physical
>>>>>>>>     arrangement was as shown in Fig. 2. A mechanical
>>>>>>>>     arrangement of sliders and cranks for separating the
>>>>>>>>     magnets evenly all around was made up.
>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>>     "When the magnets were at a separation of about 7 mm, the
>>>>>>>>     first small deflection was noted. The switch was closed and
>>>>>>>>     by slow adjustment of the sliding coil, and by increasing
>>>>>>>>     the separation of the magnets to just over 8 mm, the
>>>>>>>>     tension was raised to 250 millivolts. This was maintained
>>>>>>>>     for another 3 hours when a soldered tag became
>>>>>>>>     disconnected, and the meter slowly dropped back to zero.
>>>>>>>>     Soldering up the broken connection did _not _restore the
>>>>>>>>     tension. The magnets were closed up and left overnight, and
>>>>>>>>     the same procedure for adjustment was repeated on 2-7-46.
>>>>>>>>     After about 3 hours a deflection of 60 millivolts was
>>>>>>>>     obtained; this was maintained for more than 30 minutes, but
>>>>>>>>     then decreased to zero when further adjustments were tried.
>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>>     "During all this work the model was completely open, and
>>>>>>>>     nothing could be hidden in it. The breadboard and meter
>>>>>>>>     could be picked up and moved round the room, tilted, or
>>>>>>>>     turned, without effect.
>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>>     "The apparatus would appear to be to crude to act as a
>>>>>>>>     receiver of broadcast energy, or to operate by induction
>>>>>>>>     from the mains (the nearest cable was 6 feet away), and the
>>>>>>>>     result must for the moment be regarded as inexplicable"
>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>>     "[Coler was of the opinion that] ferro-magnetism was an
>>>>>>>>     oscillating phenomenon, of frequency about 180 kilohertz.
>>>>>>>>     This oscillation took place in the magnetic circuit of the
>>>>>>>>     apparatus, and induced in the electrical circuit the
>>>>>>>>     frequency which of course depended on the value of the
>>>>>>>>     components used. These two phenomena interacted, and
>>>>>>>>     gradually built up the tension... Coler stated that the
>>>>>>>>     strength of the magnets did _not_ decrease during the use
>>>>>>>>     of the apparatus, and suggested that he was tapping a new
>>>>>>>>     sort of energy hitherto unknown "Raumenergie" (Space-energy).
>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>>     "It was judged that Coler was an honest experimenter and
>>>>>>>>     not a fraud... The result obtained was genuine insofar as
>>>>>>>>     could be tested with the facilities available, but no
>>>>>>>>     attempt has yet been made to find an explanation of the
>>>>>>>>     phenomenon."
>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>>     The Stromzeuger was invented in 1925, at which time Coler
>>>>>>>>     showed a 10-watt model to Prof. Kloss in Berlin. Kloss
>>>>>>>>     tried to interest the German government in the invention,
>>>>>>>>     but his request was refused (as was Coler's patent
>>>>>>>>     application) because it was a "perpetual motion machine".
>>>>>>>>     The model was also seen by Prof. Schumann (of terrestial
>>>>>>>>     resonance fame), Pr. Bragstad (Trondheim), and Pr. Knudsen
>>>>>>>>     (Copenhagen). Kloss and Schumann wrote reports explaining
>>>>>>>>     the physics of its operation, which apparently amplified
>>>>>>>>     the Barkhausen Effect to a useful level. The Stromzeuger
>>>>>>>>     was described in the BIOS report as follows: This device
>>>>>>>>     consists of an arrangement of magnets, flat coils, and
>>>>>>>>     copper plates, with a primary circuit energized by a small
>>>>>>>>     dry battery. The output from the secondary was used to
>>>>>>>>     light a bank of lamps and was claimed to be many times the
>>>>>>>>     original input, and to continue indefinitely." Coler and
>>>>>>>>     von Unruh constructed a 70 watt model of the Stromzeuger in
>>>>>>>>     1933 and demonstrated it to Dr. F. Modersohn, who
>>>>>>>>     subsequently financed the development of the invention and
>>>>>>>>     established the Coler Gmbh. for the purpose. In 1937, Coler
>>>>>>>>     built a 6 KW version of the Stromzeuger. In 1942, Modersohn
>>>>>>>>     demonstrated the device to the Research Dept. of the German
>>>>>>>>     Navy, which intervened and supplied them with materials,
>>>>>>>>     meters and tools. Thereafter the research was directed by
>>>>>>>>     Oberbaurat (Naval Construction Chief) Seysen, who assigned
>>>>>>>>     Dr. H. Frolich to assist Coler for several months. The
>>>>>>>>     operation of the newly developed apparatus turned out to be
>>>>>>>>     more complicated than they had first thought, but progress
>>>>>>>>     was made. The large Stromzeuger was destroyed by a bomb
>>>>>>>>     which struck Coler's house in Kolberg (Pomerania) in 1945.
>>>>>>>>     Coler had been powering his house with the unit for three
>>>>>>>>     years. Hurst and Sandberg gave a summary account of the
>>>>>>>>     Stromzeuger in their report:
>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>>     "The basic principle is that an electron is to be regarded
>>>>>>>>     not only as a negatively charged particle but also as a
>>>>>>>>     South magnetic pole.
>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>>     "The basic element is that of an open secondary circuit,
>>>>>>>>     capacity loaded, inductively coupled to a primary circuit.
>>>>>>>>     The novel feature is that the capacities are connected to
>>>>>>>>     the secondary core _through permanent magnets_, as shown in
>>>>>>>>     Figure 4.
>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>>     "It is claimed that, on switching on the primary circuit,
>>>>>>>>     "separation of charges" takes place, i.e., Magnet 1 becomes
>>>>>>>>     positively charged and Magnet 2 becomes negatively charged,
>>>>>>>>     and that these charges are "magnetically polarized" when
>>>>>>>>     they are formed, owing to the presence of the magnets. On
>>>>>>>>     switching off the primary circuit a "reversing current"
>>>>>>>>     flows in the secondary, but the magnets "do not exert a
>>>>>>>>     polarizing effect on this reversal".
>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>>     "Two of these basic elements are now placed together making
>>>>>>>>     a double system or stage with the plates close together in
>>>>>>>>     parallel planes as shown in Figure 5. The secondary
>>>>>>>>     windings are both exactly equal and wound in a direction
>>>>>>>>     such that on switching on the primary coil the electrons in
>>>>>>>>     the secondary coil flow from P_1 to P_2 [P = Plate] and F_1
>>>>>>>>     to F_2 [F = "Flat Spool"].
>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>>     "It is then stated that system merely has an inducing
>>>>>>>>     effect, and the useful current comes into existence in the
>>>>>>>>     system.
>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>>     "A single stage cannot be effective but two stages
>>>>>>>>     connected so that the numbers of effective North and South
>>>>>>>>     poles are equal will provide a basic working arrangement.
>>>>>>>>     More double stages can then be added to provide higher
>>>>>>>>     outputs.
>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>>     "It is then stated that as well as the normal electrons
>>>>>>>>     flowing from the battery and from induction when the
>>>>>>>>     circuit is opened or closed, "space electron" flow from
>>>>>>>>     "repelling spaces" to "attracting spaces" between the
>>>>>>>>     plates" Professors M. Kloss and R. Franke (Technical
>>>>>>>>     College of Berlin) tested the Stromzeuger in March 1926;
>>>>>>>>     their report was included in BIOS Report 1043:
>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>>     "The apparatus consists of: a double row system of copper
>>>>>>>>     plates, a double-row system of flat spools, and a system of
>>>>>>>>     electromagnets, to whose cores silver wires are attached
>>>>>>>>     and through which branch currents of the plate-system are
>>>>>>>>     conducted. For each of the three systems a 3-part
>>>>>>>>     accumulator battery of 6 volts/6.5 ampere-hours capacity is
>>>>>>>>     provided. The plate-circuit and the spool circuit are
>>>>>>>>     parallel so that the two batteries appertaining thereto can
>>>>>>>>     also be replaced by a single battery. This was ascertained
>>>>>>>>     by switching off the one battery while the apparatus was
>>>>>>>>     working.
>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>>     "When asked why two batteries were used at all, Capt. Coler
>>>>>>>>     declared that for starting the apparatus a double battery
>>>>>>>>     is necessary to get a second charge-impetus after exciting
>>>>>>>>     with the one battery, and this for releasing the peculiar
>>>>>>>>     character of the apparatus. A test confirmed this assertion
>>>>>>>>     in as much as the mechanism could not be started with the
>>>>>>>>     single battery; on the contrary, the "adjustment" of the
>>>>>>>>     mechanism got disturbed.
>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>>     "Current-indicators are built into each of the three
>>>>>>>>     circuits mentioned, as well as volt-meters, behind some
>>>>>>>>     switch resistances necessary for the "adjustment". Between
>>>>>>>>     the open ends of the two plate and spool-systems there are
>>>>>>>>     the terminal clamps for the effective circuit for whose
>>>>>>>>     loading 3 bulbs of 8 volts are provided. The apparatus was
>>>>>>>>     then put into action and above all the load was tested with
>>>>>>>>     the aid of the built-in instruments, that is on being
>>>>>>>>     loaded with [2-3] lamps…
>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>>     "The consumption of energy in the external circuit is
>>>>>>>>     greater than the energy taken from the batteries. According
>>>>>>>>     to the circuit, the magnet-exciting circuit is fed by a
>>>>>>>>     special battery, completely separated from the other two
>>>>>>>>     circuits. Consequently, a direct comparison of efficiency
>>>>>>>>     and consumption of the apparatus would mean that only the
>>>>>>>>     sum of current of the plate circuit and of the spool
>>>>>>>>     circuit would count.
>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>>     "The reception of current from the two batteries in this
>>>>>>>>     case was 1.7 watt while the consumption of the bulbs
>>>>>>>>     amounted to about 8 watt. Especially striking in this
>>>>>>>>     connection is the considerably higher current-power in the
>>>>>>>>     bulb-circuit being about 12 times bigger than the current
>>>>>>>>     coming from the two batteries."
>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>>     Professor W.O. Schumann (Munich) also tested the
>>>>>>>>     Stromzeuger in 1926; his 6-page analysis was included in an
>>>>>>>>     appendix of the BIOS Report:
>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>>     "The apparatus in question principally consists of two
>>>>>>>>     parallel connected spools, which being bifilarly wound in a
>>>>>>>>     special way, are magnetically linked together. One of these
>>>>>>>>     spools is composed of copper sheets (the spool is called
>>>>>>>>     the plate spool), the other one of a number of thin
>>>>>>>>     parallel connected isolated wires (called: spool winding),
>>>>>>>>     running parallel at small intervals to the plates. Both
>>>>>>>>     spools can be fed by separate batteries; at least two
>>>>>>>>     batteries are necessary to put the spools to work.
>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>>     "The spools are arranged in two halves each, according to
>>>>>>>>     the bifilar winding system. The batteries are attached to
>>>>>>>>     the starting points, and the current-receivers to the
>>>>>>>>     parallel connected ends. Inter-communications are connected
>>>>>>>>     between parallel windings of the two halves of the plate
>>>>>>>>     spool which contain iron rods with silver connections.
>>>>>>>>     These rods are magnetized by a special battery through
>>>>>>>>     applied windings (called: exciter windings).
>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>>      "According to the statement of the inventor, the
>>>>>>>>     production of energy principally takes place in these iron
>>>>>>>>     rods, and the winding of the spools plays an important part
>>>>>>>>     in it (The form of the spool is a long small rectangle).
>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>>     "The inventor stated that the apparatus in its installation
>>>>>>>>     was very sensitive, especially with regard to the magnetic
>>>>>>>>     conditions of the iron cores, and that a wrong treatment
>>>>>>>>     [internal measurements] would cause interferences which
>>>>>>>>     would be wearisome and very difficult to be eliminated.
>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>>     "The exciter winding is electrically completely separated
>>>>>>>>     from the other windings...
>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>>     "Installed in the apparatus were 3 current meters for the
>>>>>>>>     currents from the 3 batteries, and furthermore current and
>>>>>>>>     volt meters for the current receivers. One and two bulbs
>>>>>>>>     respectively were employed for this purpose.
>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>>     "As a striking fact it should be mentioned that the spool
>>>>>>>>     circuit having been at first always switched on alone,
>>>>>>>>     received a current of 104 mA. As soon as plates and exciter
>>>>>>>>     circuit additionally and simultaneously were turned on, as,
>>>>>>>>     according to the inventor, the apparatus demands it, the
>>>>>>>>     current in the spool circuit comes down to about 27 mA.
>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>>     "After the present examination, carried through as
>>>>>>>>     carefully as [possible], I must surmise that we have to
>>>>>>>>     face the exploitation of a new source of energy whose
>>>>>>>>     further developments can be of an immense importance. I
>>>>>>>>     believe that a further development of the apparatus will
>>>>>>>>     prove justified and of great importance."
>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>>     In 1943, Hans Coler and Dr. Heinz Frohlich made a report to
>>>>>>>>     the Research Department of the Admiralty (OKM) in Berlin,
>>>>>>>>     in which they described the Stromzeuger:
>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>>     "The apparatus consists of three principle circuits which
>>>>>>>>     are inter-wound and inter-coupled in a peculiar way. Some
>>>>>>>>     of these are divided again into single subsidiary circuits
>>>>>>>>     which evidently have all to be brought into resonance with
>>>>>>>>     one another.
>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>>     "The principal circuits (called the anchor) in which the
>>>>>>>>     energy gain probably occurs, consists of metal plates
>>>>>>>>     between which transformer coils are connected, the whole
>>>>>>>>     being connected to one large coil plate. On each of the
>>>>>>>>     single windings on this is coupled a large flat coil
>>>>>>>>     (called field). These flat coils are interwound in two
>>>>>>>>     groups; these groups represent the turns of a transformer.
>>>>>>>>     This couples, on one hand on the flat coils of the other
>>>>>>>>     group (as secondary coils), and on the other hand on the
>>>>>>>>     anchor-plate coil, which is placed between them. The third
>>>>>>>>     electrically independent circuit (called the directing
>>>>>>>>     circuit) regulates this transference. Figure 1 [not
>>>>>>>>     included in the BIOS Report] shows diagramatically and in
>>>>>>>>     plan these interwound parts. Figure 2, the so-called basic
>>>>>>>>     diagram, shows the connections between these different
>>>>>>>>     parts. This basic diagram shows the conditions necessary
>>>>>>>>     for self-interruption. In consequence of this arrangement,
>>>>>>>>     different types of currents are created in different
>>>>>>>>     conductors (pulsed DC, AC, etc.).
>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>>     "The transformer coils, connected between the anchor
>>>>>>>>     plates, are connected in a peculiar way through thin
>>>>>>>>     permanent magnet rods. Their main object seems to be to
>>>>>>>>     pre-magnetize the transformer cores; it is, however, very
>>>>>>>>     probable that they are also connected with the Barkhausen
>>>>>>>>     Effect."
>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>>     In his report Coler also described the following simple,
>>>>>>>>     significant experiment:
>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>>     "Given a solenoid consisting of two windings, one upon the
>>>>>>>>     other, of the same length and number of turns, enclosing a
>>>>>>>>     soft iron cylindrical core. Firmly attached to one end of
>>>>>>>>     the core is a pre-magnetized steel rod. If an alternating
>>>>>>>>     current is passed through one of these coils, acting as
>>>>>>>>     primary, the residual magnetism of the steel rod is
>>>>>>>>     strengthened during one half cycle, through the magnetism
>>>>>>>>     induced in the core, during the other half it is weakened.
>>>>>>>>     If now the other winding is connected in series with the
>>>>>>>>     pre-magnetized steel rod (as secondary coil) in such a way
>>>>>>>>     that the secondary current must pass through the magnet,
>>>>>>>>     one half cycle of the secondary current must be more or
>>>>>>>>     less subdued; in other words, a rectifying effect must be
>>>>>>>>     created. It may be remembered that according to measurement
>>>>>>>>     by Profs. Kloss and Schumann a high-frequency pulsed direct
>>>>>>>>     current ~ about 180 kc ~ is flowing in the output
>>>>>>>>     resistance of the apparatus, for the creation of which no
>>>>>>>>     other explanation is possible." Another experiment with two
>>>>>>>>     double-wound solenoids, connected in series, revealed that
>>>>>>>>     "in such a secondary circuit a considerable DC component
>>>>>>>>     exists which can be strengthened by means which we shall
>>>>>>>>     not go into here…" Experiments were conducted with the
>>>>>>>>     plate and flat coil unit to test their interactions: As the
>>>>>>>>     plates are not only charged as condensers, but also have
>>>>>>>>     directed currents passing through them it had to be assumed
>>>>>>>>     that their mutual influences not only consisted of a
>>>>>>>>     condenser effect, but that they also created a magnetic
>>>>>>>>     field… It appeared that the "Ankertrakte" AC or BD are not
>>>>>>>>     all to be considered as oscillating units, but that the
>>>>>>>>     single group systems, consisting of plate - to anchor coils
>>>>>>>>     - plate, already represent independent oscillation
>>>>>>>>     circuits. _According to this the apparatus contained ten
>>>>>>>>     such oscillation circuits_… In order to make the apparatus
>>>>>>>>     work the harmony of all oscillating circuits in their
>>>>>>>>     individual frequencies would evidently be necessary -- at
>>>>>>>>     least within certain limits determined by the suppression
>>>>>>>>     in question… The previous occasional success must be
>>>>>>>>     considered as due to chance. The mutual influence of the
>>>>>>>>     flat coils upon one another could not the other hand easily
>>>>>>>>     be examined because, despite the great distance between the
>>>>>>>>     windings (25 mm), they have remarkably great apparent
>>>>>>>>     resistance (about 200 ohms at 10 kc). It appeared that the
>>>>>>>>     power factor of both of the flat coils wound 1:1, in
>>>>>>>>     consequence of their peculiar interwinding have the
>>>>>>>>     astonishingly high value of 0.85. The value of the power
>>>>>>>>     factor was at a maximum at 10 kc, at which frequency the
>>>>>>>>     most favorable matching of the impedance… was obtained. The
>>>>>>>>     repeated mention of 10 kc is also found in the scientific
>>>>>>>>     literature on the Barkhausen Effect. After all his
>>>>>>>>     experiments and measurements, Coler offered the following
>>>>>>>>     explanation of the way in which the apparatus works:
>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>>     "Due to the connecting of the batteries, a current impulse
>>>>>>>>     is induced in the anchor circuit which charges the plates.
>>>>>>>>     The discharge circuit from the plates causes electrical
>>>>>>>>     interruption of short duration of the battery current in
>>>>>>>>     the field circuit, which furthermore inductively
>>>>>>>>     interrupts, or changes the direction of, the battery
>>>>>>>>     current in the directing current for a short time. The
>>>>>>>>     electromagnetic field induced by this process in the
>>>>>>>>     directing circuit by its dissipation, induces over the
>>>>>>>>     field circuit a current in the anchor circuit recharging
>>>>>>>>     the plates, and so forth.
>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>>     "Due to the influence of the Barkhausen Effect each single
>>>>>>>>     process has an impulse-like character, and the necessary
>>>>>>>>     change of phase is produced to allow the regularity of the
>>>>>>>>     process.
>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>>     "Due to a source, up to the present not investigated, and
>>>>>>>>     not explainable by existing scientific theories, an
>>>>>>>>     additional quantity of energy is freed during each cycle
>>>>>>>>     which leads to a continual raising of the amplitude of the
>>>>>>>>     mutual processes, until the magnetic cores are saturated.
>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>>     "From the fact that in the resistance of the apparatus
>>>>>>>>     pulsed direct current is flowing… There is possibly an up
>>>>>>>>     to now unknown rectifying effect, or alternatively the gain
>>>>>>>>     in energy is produced only during one half of the cycle,
>>>>>>>>     either during the charging or discharging of the plates.
>>>>>>>>     The activity in the apparatus must take place _in the ten
>>>>>>>>     oscillation circuits in a phase-like manner_… No technical
>>>>>>>>     means were available to make the necessary tuning adjustments.
>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>>     "It is clear from the above that the success of the
>>>>>>>>     inventor up to now could only be due to chance, or happy
>>>>>>>>     accident. The necessity, therefore, arises to transfer the
>>>>>>>>     apparatus from the state of empirical development, with
>>>>>>>>     sufficient technical means and based on results of an exact
>>>>>>>>     basic research, to a state of working procedure which can
>>>>>>>>     be controlled." Other experiments, conducted by Frohlich
>>>>>>>>     with the arrangement in Figure 6, convinced Coler that his
>>>>>>>>     theory was correct:
>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>>     "The result obtained with this experimental arrangement…
>>>>>>>>     was the clear proof of a considerably larger energy during
>>>>>>>>     opening (intake), compared with closing impulses. The
>>>>>>>>     [10-50%] difference is always in favor of the opening
>>>>>>>>     impulse… Consequently this observation can also be
>>>>>>>>     considered as a proof of the fact that an energy difference
>>>>>>>>     exists. [There is a] considerable, but extremely short,
>>>>>>>>     energy peak of the opening impulse. My development of the
>>>>>>>>     "Space Energy Receiver" was based on this and was successful."
>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>>     In the 1980s, George Hathaway (Planetary Association for
>>>>>>>>     Clean Energy, PACE) constructed a Magnetstromapparat that
>>>>>>>>     produced 50 millivolts, and demonstrated it at
>>>>>>>>     unconventional technology conferences. There has been no
>>>>>>>>     news of further development. The Barkhausen Effect upon
>>>>>>>>     which the Coler inventions work is a low-field phenomenon
>>>>>>>>     that occurs when a ferromagnetic material is subjected to a
>>>>>>>>     change in the applied magnetic field. A series of
>>>>>>>>     discontinuous steps develop, corresponding to reversals in
>>>>>>>>     magnetization domain volumes from 10^-10 to 10^-8 cm^3 .
>>>>>>>>     The size of the discontinuities can be increased by
>>>>>>>>     stressing the magnet. Possibly the soft iron magnets which
>>>>>>>>     Coler used were subjected to such stress by ultrasonic
>>>>>>>>     magnetostriction from the coil windings at the 180 kHz
>>>>>>>>     resonant frequency. One can only wonder why British
>>>>>>>>     Intelligence (sic) declassified the Coler report, but we
>>>>>>>>     can be glad they did. If only they had seen fit to include
>>>>>>>>     more schematics of the Stromzeuger, because the available
>>>>>>>>     diagrams are woefully inadequate. At least we now know a
>>>>>>>>     few key facts, to wit: (1) Ferromagnetism resonates at 180
>>>>>>>>     Khz; (2) The Barkhausen Effect can be amplified to provide
>>>>>>>>     useful power (10 Khz is another key frequency here); (3)
>>>>>>>>     "Some of the magnets are wound in a clockwise direction
>>>>>>>>     looking at the N pole (called _left_) and others in an
>>>>>>>>     anti-clockwise direction (called _right_)". The resistance
>>>>>>>>     of the magnet-coil combination was about 0.33 ohm; (4) "The
>>>>>>>>     basic principle is that an electron is to be regarded not
>>>>>>>>     only as a negatively charged particle but also as a South
>>>>>>>>     magnetic pole"; (5) "The novel feature is that the
>>>>>>>>     capacities are connected to the secondary core _through
>>>>>>>>     permanent magnets_"; (6) "There is a considerable, but
>>>>>>>>     extremely short, energy peak of the opening impulse". It is
>>>>>>>>     to be hoped that the Stromzeuger can be redeveloped, since
>>>>>>>>     it is a relatively simple, low technology device requiring
>>>>>>>>     no exotic components. It should not be left "to chance, or
>>>>>>>>     a happy accident", as it was for Hans Coler.
>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>> *Figure 1*
>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>> ------------------------------------------------------------------------
>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>> *Figure 2*
>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>> ------------------------------------------------------------------------
>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>> *Figure 3*
>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>> ------------------------------------------------------------------------
>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>> *Figure 4*
>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>> ------------------------------------------------------------------------
>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>> *Figure 5*
>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>> ------------------------------------------------------------------------
>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>> *Figure 6*
>>>>>>>> ------------------------------------------------------------------------
>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>>     *http://www.overunity.com/index.php?PHPSESSID=e70c2a40892cdf99425bcbeb7e98729a&topic=6646.0;topicseen*
>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>>     *Michelinho, Sr. Member*
>>>>>>>>     *« on: January 25, 2009, 02:12:26 AM »*
>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>>     *Captain Hans Coler (Kohler) Magnetstromapparat (Magnet
>>>>>>>>     Power Apparatus)*
>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>>     **
>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>>     *Hi all,*
>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>>     *After reading all I found about Captain Hans Coler work, I
>>>>>>>>     decided to replicate his Magnetstromapparat (Magnet Power
>>>>>>>>     Apparatus) and after I will do the Stromerzeuger. Thanks to
>>>>>>>>     pese for the most than welcome info on this little marvel.
>>>>>>>>     Don't know if it will work but if I won't know if I don't
>>>>>>>>     try.*
>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>>     *Here are the first pictures of my replication of the
>>>>>>>>     magnetstromapparat. The setup is not finish and still a few
>>>>>>>>     things to do before the tests start.*
>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>>     *Enjoy,*
>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>>     *Michel*
>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>> ------------------------------------------------------------------------
>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>>
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>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>> On 12/5/2017 8:28 PM, Mick [email protected] [EVGRAY] wrote:
>>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>>> Great place for a golf course...
>>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>>> Norm, the experiment that mentioned you as an observer with 
>>>>>>>>> the two fluorescent tubes with the magnets and ignition coil 
>>>>>>>>> to fraction out the cold electricity, what comments do you 
>>>>>>>>> have concerning that experiment?
>>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>>> Is it something interesting to repeat? Seems pretty thought 
>>>>>>>>> provoking and with possibilities, but there was not much said 
>>>>>>>>> beyond the primary write up I saw so wonder if there was 
>>>>>>>>> followup or successes.
>>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>>> Thanks,
>>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>>> Mick
>>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>>> On 12/5/2017 7:49 AM, Norman Wootan [email protected] [EVGRAY] 
>>>>>>>>> wrote:
>>>>>>>>>> http://www.iflscience.com/environment/theres-place-earth-experiences-12-million-lighting-strikes-year/
>>>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>>>> Sent from Yahoo Mail on Android 
>>>>>>>>>> <https://overview.mail.yahoo.com/mobile/?.src=Android>
>>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>
>>>>>>
>>>>>
>>>>
>>>
>>
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